Pulmonary embolism laboratory findings: Difference between revisions
No edit summary |
|||
| Line 35: | Line 35: | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist|2}} | {{reflist|2}} | ||
[[Category:Hematology]] | [[Category:Hematology]] | ||
| Line 41: | Line 42: | ||
[[Category:Emergency medicine]] | [[Category:Emergency medicine]] | ||
[[Category:Intensive care medicine]] | [[Category:Intensive care medicine]] | ||
[[Category:Primary care]] | |||
{{WH}} | {{WH}} | ||
{{WS}} | {{WS}} | ||
Revision as of 16:16, 11 February 2013
|
Pulmonary Embolism Microchapters |
|
Diagnosis |
|---|
|
Pulmonary Embolism Assessment of Probability of Subsequent VTE and Risk Scores |
|
Treatment |
|
Follow-Up |
|
Special Scenario |
|
Trials |
|
Case Studies |
|
Pulmonary embolism laboratory findings On the Web |
|
Directions to Hospitals Treating Pulmonary embolism laboratory findings |
|
Risk calculators and risk factors for Pulmonary embolism laboratory findings |
Editor(s)-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1], The APEX Trial Investigators; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2]
Overview
The results of routine laboratory tests including arterial blood gas analysis are non-specific in making the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism. These laboratory studies can be obtained to rule-out other cause of chest discomfort and tachypnea. In patients with acute pulmonary embolism, non-specific lab findings include: leukocytosis, elevated ESR with an elevated serum LDH and serum transaminase (especially AST or SGOT).
Laboratory Findings
- Arterial blood gas
- Plasma D-dimer
- Plasma D-dimer>500 ng/ml, PE present (Found to be 97% sensitive and 45% specific)
- Plasma D-dimer<500 excludes PE (Have a high negative predictive value)
- Workup for hypercoagulation: which include
- Activated protein C resistance
- factor V Leiden mutation
- Protein C
- protein S, free and total.
- Antithrombin
- Lupus anticoagulant
- Anticardiolipin antibodies
- Plasma homocysteine values
- In patients with acute pulmonary embolism, routine laboratory findings are non-specific and include:
- Leukocytosis
- Elevated ESR with an elevated serum LDH and serum transaminase (especially AST or SGOT).
- Serum bilirubin levels are found to be within normal limits.
- In patients with suspected pulmonary embolism, routine laboratory tests are ordered to exclude the secondary causes of PE. These tests include:
- Complete blood count
- Erythrocyte sedimentation rate
- Coagulation studies to assess for hypercoagulable states.
- Other screening tests such as renal function tests, liver function tests and electrolyte assessment.