Metabolic acidosis history and symptoms: Difference between revisions
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Revision as of 19:10, 15 February 2013
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
History
Symptoms
Symptoms are non-specific, and diagnosis can be difficult unless the patient presents with clear indications for arterial blood gas sampling. Symptoms may include:
- Chest pain
- Palpitations
- Headache
- Altered mental status
- Decreased visual acuity
- Nausea, vomiting
- Abdominal pain
- Altered appetite (either loss of or increased)
- Weight loss (longer term)
- Muscle weakness and bone pains
- Kussmaul respirations (deep rapid breathing, classically associated with diabetic ketoacidosis). Rapid deep breaths increase the amount of carbon dioxide exhaled, thus lowering the serum carbon dioxide levels, resulting in some degree of compensation. Over compensation to form a respiratory alkalosis does not occur.
- Lethargy, stupor, coma, seizures.
- Arrhythmias (ventricular tachycardia), decreased response to epinephrine; both lead to hypotension (low blood pressure).