Concussion overview: Difference between revisions
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Concussion, from the [[Latin]] ''concutere'' ("to shake violently"), is the most common and least serious type of [[traumatic brain injury]]. The terms mild brain injury, mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI), mild head injury (MHI), and minor head trauma and concussion may be used interchangeably, | Concussion, from the [[Latin]] ''concutere'' ("to shake violently"), is the most common and least serious type of [[traumatic brain injury]]. The terms mild brain injury, mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI), mild head injury (MHI), and minor head trauma and concussion may be used interchangeably, | ||
although the latter is often treated as a narrower category. The term 'concussion', has been used for centuries and is still commonly used in [[sports medicine]], while 'MTBI' is a technical term used more commonly nowadays in general medical contexts. Frequently defined as a [[head injury]] with a transient loss of [[brain function]], concussion can cause a variety of physical, [[cognition|cognitive]], and emotional symptoms. | although the latter is often treated as a narrower category. The term 'concussion', has been used for centuries and is still commonly used in [[sports medicine]], while 'MTBI' is a technical term used more commonly nowadays in general medical contexts. Frequently defined as a [[head injury]] with a transient loss of [[brain function]], concussion can cause a variety of physical, [[cognition|cognitive]], and emotional symptoms. | ||
==Causes== | |||
Common causes include sports injuries, bicycle accidents, auto accidents, and falls; the latter two are the most frequent causes among adults.<ref name="pmid17215534"/> Concussion may be caused by a blow to the head, or by [[acceleration]] or deceleration forces without a direct impact. The forces involved disrupt cellular processes in the [[brain]] for days or weeks. | |||
==Epidemiology and Demographics== | ==Epidemiology and Demographics== | ||
Due to factors such as widely varying definitions and possible underreporting of concussion, the rate at which it occurs annually is not known; however it may be more than 6 per 1000 people. | Due to factors such as widely varying definitions and possible underreporting of concussion, the rate at which it occurs annually is not known; however it may be more than 6 per 1000 people. | ||
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===History and Symptoms=== | ===History and Symptoms=== | ||
Concussion can be diagnosed and assigned a level of severity based largely on symptoms. | Concussion can be diagnosed and assigned a level of severity based largely on symptoms. | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 14:11, 27 February 2013
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Concussion overview On the Web |
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
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Overview
Concussion, from the Latin concutere ("to shake violently"), is the most common and least serious type of traumatic brain injury. The terms mild brain injury, mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI), mild head injury (MHI), and minor head trauma and concussion may be used interchangeably, although the latter is often treated as a narrower category. The term 'concussion', has been used for centuries and is still commonly used in sports medicine, while 'MTBI' is a technical term used more commonly nowadays in general medical contexts. Frequently defined as a head injury with a transient loss of brain function, concussion can cause a variety of physical, cognitive, and emotional symptoms.
Causes
Common causes include sports injuries, bicycle accidents, auto accidents, and falls; the latter two are the most frequent causes among adults.[1] Concussion may be caused by a blow to the head, or by acceleration or deceleration forces without a direct impact. The forces involved disrupt cellular processes in the brain for days or weeks.
Epidemiology and Demographics
Due to factors such as widely varying definitions and possible underreporting of concussion, the rate at which it occurs annually is not known; however it may be more than 6 per 1000 people.
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
Repeated concussions can cause cumulative brain damage such as dementia pugilistica or severe complications such as second-impact syndrome.
Diagnosis
History and Symptoms
Concussion can be diagnosed and assigned a level of severity based largely on symptoms.