Multivitamins and mortality: Difference between revisions
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
| Line 4: | Line 4: | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Use of multivitamin supplements in the US has increased tremendously in past decade. According to the data from National Center for Health Statistics<ref name="pmid15286019">{{cite journal |author=Radimer K, Bindewald B, Hughes J, Ervin B, Swanson C, Picciano MF |title=Dietary supplement use by US adults: data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999-2000 |journal=[[American Journal of Epidemiology]] |volume=160 |issue=4 |pages=339–49 |year=2004 |month=August |pmid=15286019 |doi=10.1093/aje/kwh207 |url=}}</ref>, over 50% of adults in the United States consume dietary supplements, with approximately 35% of adults taking multivitamin supplements. Studies on multivitamin supplements have shown conflicting evidence on their effect on mortality, with some studies demonstrating an increase in risk of death, whereas others reporting no change in mortality. | Use of multivitamin supplements in the US has increased tremendously in past decade. According to the data from National Center for Health Statistics<ref name="pmid15286019">{{cite journal |author=Radimer K, Bindewald B, Hughes J, Ervin B, Swanson C, Picciano MF |title=Dietary supplement use by US adults: data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999-2000 |journal=[[American Journal of Epidemiology]] |volume=160 |issue=4 |pages=339–49 |year=2004 |month=August |pmid=15286019 |doi=10.1093/aje/kwh207 |url=}}</ref>, over 50% of adults in the United States consume dietary supplements, with approximately 35% of adults taking multivitamin supplements. Annual multivitamin and dietary supplements sales total to $ 20 billion. Studies on multivitamin supplements have shown conflicting evidence on their effect on mortality, with some studies demonstrating an increase in risk of death, whereas others reporting no change in mortality. | ||
==Landmark Studies== | ==Landmark Studies== | ||
Revision as of 16:13, 7 May 2013
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aarti Narayan, M.B.B.S [2]
Overview
Use of multivitamin supplements in the US has increased tremendously in past decade. According to the data from National Center for Health Statistics[1], over 50% of adults in the United States consume dietary supplements, with approximately 35% of adults taking multivitamin supplements. Annual multivitamin and dietary supplements sales total to $ 20 billion. Studies on multivitamin supplements have shown conflicting evidence on their effect on mortality, with some studies demonstrating an increase in risk of death, whereas others reporting no change in mortality.
Landmark Studies
Iowa Women Health Study[2]
- This was an observational study that assessed the long term effects of multivitamin supplements on mortality. It included 38,772 women with a mean age of 61.6 years at baseline.
- The study found increase in risk of total mortality in women on dietary and vitamin supplements, with highest increase in mortality seen in women on iron supplements. In contrast to other studies, calcium supplements were associated with decreased mortality.
- Limitations of the study include:
- Confounding factors: Smoking status, alcohol intake, BMI and lipid levels were not considered
- The study heavily relied on questionnaire
- Compliance of the women taking multivitamin and mineral supplements was not considered
- Although the multivitamin and dietary mineral intake patterns in these women were observed[3], the serum levels of vitamins and minerals were not studied to correlate the occurrence of death with intake of the supplements.
References
- ↑ Radimer K, Bindewald B, Hughes J, Ervin B, Swanson C, Picciano MF (2004). "Dietary supplement use by US adults: data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999-2000". American Journal of Epidemiology. 160 (4): 339–49. doi:10.1093/aje/kwh207. PMID 15286019. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ Mursu J, Robien K, Harnack LJ, Park K, Jacobs DR (2011). "Dietary supplements and mortality rate in older women: the Iowa Women's Health Study". Archives of Internal Medicine. 171 (18): 1625–33. doi:10.1001/archinternmed.2011.445. PMID 21987192. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ Park K, Harnack L, Jacobs DR (2009). "Trends in dietary supplement use in a cohort of postmenopausal women from Iowa". American Journal of Epidemiology. 169 (7): 887–92. doi:10.1093/aje/kwn410. PMC 2727219. PMID 19208725. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help)