Splenomegaly causes

Template:Splenomegaly Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Causes

Causes in Alphabetical Order

AIDS Angioimmunoblastic lymphoanedopathy Angiosarcoma Autoimmune hemolytic anemia Bacterial septicemia Bone marrow damage Bone marrow infiltration Brucellosis Castleman's syndrome Cavernous transformation of the portal vein Cellular infiltration Chronic myoletic leukemia Collagen vascular diseases Congestive heart failure Constrictive pericarditis Coronavirus Corynebacterium diphtheriae Cytomegalovirus Early sickle cell anemia Endocarditis Ehrlichiosis Eosinophillic granuloma Epstein-Barr Virus Infection Felty's syndrome Fever unknown origin Fibromas Fungal infections Gaucher's disease Hemangiomas Hamartomas Hemoglobinopathy Hemolytic anemia Hepatic echinococcosis Hepatic schistomasis Hepatic vein obstruction Hepatitis Hereditary spherocytosis Histiocytosis Histoplasmosis HIV Hodgkin's lymphoma Hurler's syndrome Hyperlipidemias Idiopathic splenomegaly Immune hemolytic anemias Infective Endocarditis Infectious mononucleosis Interleukin-2 Iron deficiency anemia Leishmaniasis Letterer-Siwe disease

Leukemia Lymphangiomas Lymphoid leukemia Lympho-reticulosarcoma Malaria Malignancy Melanoma Myelofibrosis Myeloid leukemia Myeloid metaplasia Monocytic leukemia Mononucleosis Myobacterium avium complex Myoproliferative syndrome(s) Niemann-Pick disease Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma Nutritional anemias Osteomyelosclerosis Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria Polycythemia vera Portal hypertension Q fever Radiation Rheumatoid arthritis RMSF Sarcoidosis Schistosomiasis Serum sickness Sickle cell disease Splenic abscess Splenic artery anuerysm Splenic cysts Splenic hamartoma Splenic hemangioma Splenic vein obstruction/thrombosis Stillness disease Subacute bacterial endocarditis Syphillis Systemic lupus erythematosus Tangier disease Thalassemia major Thyrotoxicosis Toxoplasmosis Trauma Trypanosomiasis Tuberculosis Tumors Typhoid fever Vein obstruction Viral hepatitis Weil's disease

Less common causes

• Amyloidosis
• Babesiosis
• Gaucher's disease
• Histoplasmosis
• Kala-azar
• Rickets
• Schistosomiasis
• Syphilis
• Toxoplasmosis
• Typhoid fever

Causes by Organ System

Splenomegaly grouped on the basis of the pathogenic mechanism

Increased function	Abnormal blood flow	Infitration
Removal of defective RBCs Spherocytosis Thalassemia Hemoglobinopathies Nutritional anemias early sickle cell anemia Immune hyperplasia Response to infection (viral,bacterial,fungal,parasitic) Mononucleosis, AIDS, viral hepatitis subacute bacterial endocarditis, bacterial septicemia splenic abscess, typhoid fever brucellosis,leptospirosis, tuberculosis histoplasmosis malaria, leishmaniasis, trypanosomiasis ehrlichiosis Disordered immunoregulation Rheumatoid arthritis SLE Serum sickness Autoimmune hemolytic anemia Immune thrombocytopenia sarcoidosis drug reactions Extramedullary hematopoiesis Myelofibrosis Marrow infiltration by tumors, leukemias marrow damage by radiation, toxins	Organ Failure Cirrhosis congestive heart failure Vascular hepatic vein obstruction portal vein obstruction Budd-Chiari syndrome splenic vein obstruction Infections hepatic schistosomiasis hepatic echinococcosis	Metabolic diseases Gauchers disease Niemann-Pick disease Hurler syndrome and other Mucopolysaccharidoses Amyloidosis Tangier disease Benign and malignant infiltrations Leukemias(acute,chronic,lymphoid and myeloid) lymphomas(Hodgkins and non-hodgkins) myeloproliferative disorders metastatic tumors(commonly melanoma) histiocytosis X Hemangioma,lymphangioma splenic cysts hamartomas eosinophilic granuloma

Causes of Massive Splenomegaly (>1000gms)

• Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
• Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
• Chronic myelogenous leukemia
• Gauchers disease
• Hairy cell leukemia
• Kala-Azar (Leishmaniasis)
• Lymphomas
• Malaria
• Myelofibrosis
• Polycythemia vera
• Portal hypertension of Bilharziasis
• Sarcoidosis
• Thalassemia