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== Adaptations ==
[[Assistive Technology]] (AT) is a generic term for devices and modifications (for a person or within a society) that help overcome or remove a disability. The first recorded example of the use of a [[prosthesis]] dates to at least 1800 BC.<ref>[http://www.disabilityhistory.org/timeline_new.html Disability Social History Project]</ref> A more recent notable example is the [[wheelchair]], dating from the [[17th Century]]. The [[curb cut]] is a related structural innovation. Other modern examples are [[standing frames]], text [[telephones]], accessible [[keyboards]], [[large print]], [[Braille]], & [[speech recognition]] [[Computer software]]. Individuals with disabilities often develop personal or community adaptations, such as strategies to suppress tics in public (for example in [[Tourette's syndrome]]), or [[sign language]] in [[deaf]] communities. Assistive technology or interventions are sometimes controversial or rejected, for example in the controversy over [[cochlear implants]] for children. A number of symbols are in use to indicate whether certain accessibility adaptations have been made[http://www.gag.org/resources/das.php].
===Accessible computing===
As the [[personal computer]] has become more [[ubiquity|ubiquitous]], various organisations have been founded which [[software development|develop]] [[software]] and [[hardware]] which make a computer more accessible for people with disabilities. Some software and hardware, such as [[SmartboxAT]]'s ''[[The Grid (software)|The Grid]]'', and [[Freedom Scientific]]'s ''[[JAWS (screen reader)|JAWS]]'' has been specifically designed for people with disabilities; other pieces of software and hardware, such as [[Nuance Communications|Nuance]]'s [[Dragon NaturallySpeaking]], was not developed specifically for people with disabilities, but can be used to increase accessibility.
Further organisations, such as [[AbilityNet]] and [[U Can Do IT]], have been established to provide assessment services which determine which assistive technologies would best assist an individual client, and also to train people with disabilities in how to use computer-based assistive technology.


==Related Chapters==
==Related Chapters==

Revision as of 15:32, 29 May 2013

International Symbol of Accessibility

Disability Microchapters

Home

Overview

Definitions and Models

The Disability Rights Movement

Impairment, Culture, Language and Labeling

Government Policies and Support

Demographics

Disability Insurance

Adaptations

Screening

Diagnosis

Physical Examination

CT

Other Imaging Findings

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Surgery

Primary Prevention

Secondary Prevention

Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy

Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1

Disability On the Web

Most recent articles

Most cited articles

Review articles

CME Programs

Powerpoint slides

Images

American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Disability

All Images
X-rays
Echo & Ultrasound
CT Images
MRI

Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse

NICE Guidance

FDA on Disability

CDC on Disability

Disability in the news

Blogs on Disability

Directions to Hospitals Treating Disability

Risk calculators and risk factors for Disability

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Related Chapters


Footnotes

References

  • Frank Bowe, Handicapping America:Barriers to disabled people, Harper & Row, 1978 ISBN 0-06-010422-8
  • Encyclopedia of disability, general ed. Gary L. Albrecht, Thousand Oaks, Calif. [u.a.] : SAGE Publ., 2005
  • David Johnstone, An Introduction to Disability Studies, 2001, 2nd edition, ISBN 1-85346-726-X
  • Michael Oliver, The Politics of Disablement, St. Martin's Press 1997, ISBN 0-333-43293-2
  • Tom Shakespeare, Genetic Politics: from Eugenics to Genome, with Anne Kerr , New Clarion Press, 1999, ISBN 1-873797-25-7
  • Kaushik, R.,1999, " Access Denied: Can we overcome disabling attitudes ," Museum International (UNESCO) , Vol. 51, No. 3, p. 48-52.
  • Disability Now
  • Glenn, Eddie. March 20, 1997. "African American Women with Disabilities: An Overview."

External Links


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