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==Overview==
==Overview==
In [[medicine]], the '''Faget [[sign (medicine)|sign]]''' is the unusual constellation of [[fever]] and [[bradycardia]] (a slow [[pulse]]).  It is often seen in [[yellow fever]].
In [[medicine]], the '''Faget [[sign (medicine)|sign]]''' is the unusual constellation of [[fever]] and [[bradycardia]] (a slow [[pulse]]).  It is often seen in [[yellow fever]].


Fever is usually accompanied by [[tachycardia]] (a fast pulse). For every 1 degree Celcius increase in body temperature, the heart rate increases by approximately 10 beats per minute (Liebermeister's rule), except in situations where there is a relative bradycardia in a patient with a fever (Faget's Sign).
Fever is usually accompanied by [[tachycardia]] (a fast pulse). Physiologically, for each degree increase in temperature in degrees Fahrenheit, there is a commensurate increase in the heart rate of 10 beats/min (Liebermeister's rule), except in situations where there is a relative bradycardia in a patient with a fever (Faget's Sign).


==Causes==
==Causes<ref name="Cunha-2000">{{Cite journal  | last1 = Cunha | first1 = BA. | title = The diagnostic significance of relative bradycardia in infectious disease. | journal = Clin Microbiol Infect | volume = 6 | issue = 12 | pages = 633-4 | month = Dec | year = 2000 | doi =  | PMID = 11284920 }}</ref><ref name="Wittesjö-1999">{{Cite journal  | last1 = Wittesjö | first1 = B. | last2 = Björnham | first2 = A. | last3 = Eitrem | first3 = R. | title = Relative bradycardia in infectious diseases. | journal = J Infect | volume = 39 | issue = 3 | pages = 246-7 | month = Nov | year = 1999 | doi =  | PMID = 10714809 }}</ref>==
===Common Causes===
===Common Causes===
*[[Brucellosis]]
*[[Brucellosis]]
*[[Chlamydia]]
*[[Chlamydia]]<ref name="Johnson-1993">{{Cite journal  | last1 = Johnson | first1 = DH. | last2 = Cunha | first2 = BA. | title = Atypical pneumonias. Clinical and extrapulmonary features of Chlamydia, Mycoplasma, and Legionella infections. | journal = Postgrad Med | volume = 93 | issue = 7 | pages = 69-72, 75-6, 79-82 | month = May | year = 1993 | doi =  | PMID = 8493198 }}</ref>
*[[Colorado tick fever virus]]
*[[Colorado tick fever virus]]
*[[Coxiella burnetii]]
*[[Coxiella burnetii]]
*[[Dengue Fever]]
*[[Dengue Fever]]<ref name="Senanayake-2006">{{Cite journal  | last1 = Senanayake | first1 = S. | title = Dengue fever and dengue haemorrhagic fever--a diagnostic challenge. | journal = Aust Fam Physician | volume = 35 | issue = 8 | pages = 609-12 | month = Aug | year = 2006 | doi =  | PMID = 16894436 }}</ref>
*[[Drug fever]] (eg,  [[Beta-blocker]]s)
*[[Drug fever]] (eg,  [[Beta-blocker]]s)
*[[Legionella]]
*[[Legionella]]<ref name="Johnson-1993">{{Cite journal  | last1 = Johnson | first1 = DH. | last2 = Cunha | first2 = BA. | title = Atypical pneumonias. Clinical and extrapulmonary features of Chlamydia, Mycoplasma, and Legionella infections. | journal = Postgrad Med | volume = 93 | issue = 7 | pages = 69-72, 75-6, 79-82 | month = May | year = 1993 | doi =  | PMID = 8493198 }}</ref><ref name="Erdogan-2010">{{Cite journal  | last1 = Erdogan | first1 = H. | last2 = Erdogan | first2 = A. | last3 = Lakamdayali | first3 = H. | last4 = Yilmaz | first4 = A. | last5 = Arslan | first5 = H. | title = Travel-associated Legionnaires disease: clinical features of 17 cases and a review of the literature. | journal = Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis | volume = 68 | issue = 3 | pages = 297-303 | month = Nov | year = 2010 | doi = 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2010.07.023 | PMID = 20955914 }}</ref>
*[[Leptospirosis]]
*[[Leptospirosis]]
*[[Leishmaniasis]]
*[[Leishmaniasis]]
*[[Mycoplasma]]
*[[Mycoplasma]]<ref name="Johnson-1993">{{Cite journal  | last1 = Johnson | first1 = DH. | last2 = Cunha | first2 = BA. | title = Atypical pneumonias. Clinical and extrapulmonary features of Chlamydia, Mycoplasma, and Legionella infections. | journal = Postgrad Med | volume = 93 | issue = 7 | pages = 69-72, 75-6, 79-82 | month = May | year = 1993 | doi =  | PMID = 8493198 }}</ref>
*[[Psittacosis]]
*[[Psittacosis]]
*[[Tularemia]]
*[[Tularemia]]
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|-
|-
|bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Dermatologic'''
|bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Dermatologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Anaphylaxis]],  [[Orientia tsutsugamushi]]
|-
|-
|bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Drug Side Effect'''
|bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Drug Side Effect'''
|bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige" | [[Beta blocker]],  [[Drug fever]]
|-
|-
|bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Ear Nose Throat'''
|bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Ear Nose Throat'''
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|-
|-
|bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Genetic'''
|bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Genetic'''
|bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige" | [[Cyclic neutropenia]]
|-
|-
|bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Hematologic'''
|bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Hematologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige" | [[Babesiosis]],  [[Cyclic neutropenia]],  [[Lymphoma]], [[Malaria]]
|-
|-
|bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Iatrogenic'''
|bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Iatrogenic'''
Line 78: Line 78:
|-
|-
|bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Infectious Disease'''
|bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Infectious Disease'''
|bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige" | [[Atypical pneumonia]],  [[Babesiosis]],  [[Brucellosis]],  [[Campylobacter fetus]],  [[Chagas disease]],  [[Chlamydia]],  [[Chlamydophila psittaci]],  [[Colorado tick fever virus]],  [[Coxiella burnetii]],  [[Cytomegalovirus]] mononucleosis,  [[Dengue fever]],  [[Ehrlichia canis]],  [[Enteric fever]],  [[Francisella tularensis]],  [[Group A streptococcus]],  [[Guanarito virus]],  [[Junin virus]],  [[Legionnaires' disease]],  [[Leishmaniasis]],  [[Leptospirosis]],  [[Listeria monocytogenes]],  [[Machupo virus]],  [[Malaria]],  [[Mycoplasma]],  [[Orientia tsutsugamushi]],  [[Plasmodium vivax ]],  [[Q fever]],  [[Rickettsia typhi]],  [[Rickettsiosis]],  [[Rocky mountain spotted fever]],  [[Salmonella enterica]],  [[Typhoid fever]],  [[Viral hemorrhagic fever]],  [[Yellow fever]]
|-
|-
|bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic'''
|bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic'''
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|-
|-
|bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Neurologic'''
|bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Neurologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige" | [[Central nevous system lesion]]
|-
|-
|bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Nutritional/Metabolic'''
|bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Nutritional/Metabolic'''
Line 93: Line 93:
|-
|-
|bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Oncologic'''
|bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Oncologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige" | [[Lymphoma]]
|-
|-
|bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Ophthalmologic'''
|bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Ophthalmologic'''
Line 105: Line 105:
|-
|-
|bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Pulmonary'''
|bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Pulmonary'''
|bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige" | [[Atypical pneumonia]]
|-
|-
|bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Renal/Electrolyte'''
|bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Renal/Electrolyte'''
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|-
|-
|bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy'''
|bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy'''
|bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige" | [[Anaphylaxis]]
|-
|-
|bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Sexual'''
|bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Sexual'''
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|-
|-
|bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Miscellaneous'''
|bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Miscellaneous'''
|bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige" | [[Factitious fever]]
|-
|-
|}
|}
===Causes in Alphabetical Order===
===Causes in Alphabetical Order===
{{col-begin|width=85%}}
{{col-begin|width=84%}}
{{col-break|width=33%}}
{{col-break|width=33%}}
*[[Anaphylaxis]]
*[[Atypical pneumonia]]
*[[Babesiosis]]
*[[Beta blocker]]
*[[Brucellosis]]
*[[Campylobacter fetus]]
*Central nevous system lesion
*[[Chagas disease]]
*[[Chlamydia]]
*[[Chlamydophila psittaci]]
*[[Colorado tick fever virus]]
*[[Coxiella burnetii]]
*[[Cyclic neutropenia]]
*[[Cytomegalovirus]] [[mononucleosis]]
{{col-break|width=33%}}
{{col-break|width=33%}}
*[[Dengue fever]]
*[[Drug fever]]
*[[Ehrlichia canis]]
*[[Enteric fever]]
*[[Factitious fever]]
*[[Francisella tularensis]]
*[[Group A streptococcus]]
*[[Guanarito virus]]
*[[Junin virus]]
*[[Legionnaires' disease]]
*[[Leishmaniasis]]
*[[Leptospirosis]]
*[[Listeria monocytogenes]]
*[[Lymphoma]]
{{col-break|width=33%}}
{{col-break|width=33%}}
*[[Machupo virus]]
*[[Malaria]]
*[[Murine typhus]]
*[[Mycoplasma]]
*[[Orientia tsutsugamushi]]
*[[Plasmodium vivax]]
*[[Q fever]]
*[[Rickettsia typhi]]
*[[Rickettsiosis]]
*[[Rocky mountain spotted fever]]
*[[Salmonella enterica]]
*[[Typhoid fever]]
*[[Viral hemorrhagic fever]]
*[[Yellow fever]]
{{col-end}}
{{col-end}}


Revision as of 22:55, 14 July 2013

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Template:GCC

Overview

In medicine, the Faget sign is the unusual constellation of fever and bradycardia (a slow pulse). It is often seen in yellow fever.

Fever is usually accompanied by tachycardia (a fast pulse). Physiologically, for each degree increase in temperature in degrees Fahrenheit, there is a commensurate increase in the heart rate of 10 beats/min (Liebermeister's rule), except in situations where there is a relative bradycardia in a patient with a fever (Faget's Sign).

Causes[1][2]

Common Causes

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular No underlying causes
Chemical/Poisoning No underlying causes
Dental No underlying causes
Dermatologic Anaphylaxis, Orientia tsutsugamushi
Drug Side Effect Beta blocker, Drug fever
Ear Nose Throat No underlying causes
Endocrine No underlying causes
Environmental No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic No underlying causes
Genetic Cyclic neutropenia
Hematologic Babesiosis, Cyclic neutropenia, Lymphoma, Malaria
Iatrogenic No underlying causes
Infectious Disease Atypical pneumonia, Babesiosis, Brucellosis, Campylobacter fetus, Chagas disease, Chlamydia, Chlamydophila psittaci, Colorado tick fever virus, Coxiella burnetii, Cytomegalovirus mononucleosis, Dengue fever, Ehrlichia canis, Enteric fever, Francisella tularensis, Group A streptococcus, Guanarito virus, Junin virus, Legionnaires' disease, Leishmaniasis, Leptospirosis, Listeria monocytogenes, Machupo virus, Malaria, Mycoplasma, Orientia tsutsugamushi, Plasmodium vivax , Q fever, Rickettsia typhi, Rickettsiosis, Rocky mountain spotted fever, Salmonella enterica, Typhoid fever, Viral hemorrhagic fever, Yellow fever
Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic No underlying causes
Neurologic Central nevous system lesion
Nutritional/Metabolic No underlying causes
Obstetric/Gynecologic No underlying causes
Oncologic Lymphoma
Ophthalmologic No underlying causes
Overdose/Toxicity No underlying causes
Psychiatric No underlying causes
Pulmonary Atypical pneumonia
Renal/Electrolyte No underlying causes
Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy Anaphylaxis
Sexual No underlying causes
Trauma No underlying causes
Urologic No underlying causes
Miscellaneous Factitious fever

Causes in Alphabetical Order

Etymology

It is named after Jean Charles Faget, who characterized it in 1859.[6][7]

Reference

  1. ↑ Cunha, BA. (2000). "The diagnostic significance of relative bradycardia in infectious disease". Clin Microbiol Infect. 6 (12): 633–4. PMID 11284920. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  2. ↑ Wittesjö, B.; Björnham, A.; Eitrem, R. (1999). "Relative bradycardia in infectious diseases". J Infect. 39 (3): 246–7. PMID 10714809. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Johnson, DH.; Cunha, BA. (1993). "Atypical pneumonias. Clinical and extrapulmonary features of Chlamydia, Mycoplasma, and Legionella infections". Postgrad Med. 93 (7): 69–72, 75–6, 79–82. PMID 8493198. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  4. ↑ Senanayake, S. (2006). "Dengue fever and dengue haemorrhagic fever--a diagnostic challenge". Aust Fam Physician. 35 (8): 609–12. PMID 16894436. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  5. ↑ Erdogan, H.; Erdogan, A.; Lakamdayali, H.; Yilmaz, A.; Arslan, H. (2010). "Travel-associated Legionnaires disease: clinical features of 17 cases and a review of the literature". Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 68 (3): 297–303. doi:10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2010.07.023. PMID 20955914. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  6. ↑ Jean-Charles Faget. Études médicale de quelques questions importantes pour la Louisiane, et exposé succinct d’une endémie paludéenne de forme catarrhale qui a sévi à la Nouvelle-Orléans, particulièrement sur les enfants, pendant l’epidémie de fièvre jaune de 1858. New Orleans, 1859.
  7. ↑ "Whonamedit - Faget's sign". Retrieved 14 July 2013.

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