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| Line 173: |
Line 173: |
| *[[Chronic anxiety state]] | | *[[Chronic anxiety state]] |
| *[[Chronic idiopathic neutrophilia]] | | *[[Chronic idiopathic neutrophilia]] |
| | *[[Chronic neutrophilic leukemia]] |
| *[[Cigarette smoking]] | | *[[Cigarette smoking]] |
| *[[Clostridium difficile]] | | *[[Clostridium difficile]] |
| Line 196: |
Line 197: |
| *[[Fanconi anemia]] | | *[[Fanconi anemia]] |
| *[[G-CSF]] | | *[[G-CSF]] |
| | {{col-break|width=33%}} |
| *[[Gastric carcinoma]] | | *[[Gastric carcinoma]] |
| {{col-break|width=33%}}
| |
| *[[Giant cell arteritis]] | | *[[Giant cell arteritis]] |
| *[[GM-CSF]] | | *[[GM-CSF]] |
| Line 244: |
Line 245: |
| *[[Pericarditis]] | | *[[Pericarditis]] |
| *[[Perinephric abscess]] | | *[[Perinephric abscess]] |
| | {{col-break|width=33%}} |
| *[[Peritonitis]] | | *[[Peritonitis]] |
| {{col-break|width=33%}}
| |
| *[[Pertussis]] | | *[[Pertussis]] |
| *[[Phenacetin]] | | *[[Phenacetin]] |
Leukocyte alkaline phosphatase
|
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Vendhan Ramanujam M.B.B.S [2]
Synonyms and keywords: LAP
Overview
Leukocyte alkaline phosphatase is a test that tests the level of an enzyme within the white blood cells.
Causes of Increased Leukocyte Alkaline Phosphatase[1][2]
Common causes
Causes by Organ System
| Cardiovascular
|
Atrial fibrillation, Giant cell arteritis, Hemorrhagic shock, Ischemic colitis, Myocardial infarction, Pericarditis, Subacute endocarditis, Vasculitis
|
| Chemical/Poisoning
|
Camphor, Lead, Lithium, Mercury, Pyrogallol, Snakebite, Turpentine
|
| Dental
|
No underlying causes
|
| Dermatologic
|
No underlying causes
|
| Drug Side Effect
|
All-trans retinoic acid, Arsphenamine, Catecholamines , Corticosteroids, Dapsone, Digitalis, Neuroleptic malignant syndrome, Oral contraceptives, Phenacetin, Quinidine, Sulfa drugs
|
| Ear Nose Throat
|
Tonsillitis
|
| Endocrine
|
Cushing disease, Diabetes, Diabetic coma, Diabetic ketoacidosis
|
| Environmental
|
Heatstroke
|
| Gastroenterologic
|
Appendicitis, Cholangitis, Cholecystitis, Gastric carcinoma, Hepatic necrosis, Ischemic colitis, Liver abscess, Liver fluke
|
| Genetic
|
Congenital Asplenia, Congenital neutropenia , Down syndrome, Familial cold autoinflammatory syndrome, Fanconi anemia, Hereditary neutrophilia, Hyposplenism, Klinefelter syndrome, Kostmann's syndrome, Leukocyte adhesion factor deficiency, Pelger-huet anomaly, Rac mutation
|
| Hematologic
|
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia, Acute myelogenous leukemia, Agnogenic myeloid metaplasia, Aplastic anemia, Essential thrombocytopenia, Fanconi anemia, Hairy cell leukemia, Hemarthrosis, Hemolysis, Hemoperitoneum, Hemorrhagic shock, Hodgkin's lymphoma, Infectious mononucleosis , Megaloblastic anemia, Multiple myeloma, Myelofibrosis, Pelger-huet anomaly, Polycythemia vera
|
| Iatrogenic
|
Blood transfusion, G-CSF, GM-CSF, Post spleenectomy , Vaccination
|
| Infectious Disease
|
Actinomyces, Burkholderia mallei , Cellulitis, Cholangitis, Cholecystitis, Clostridium difficile, Coccidioides immitis, Escherichia coli, Herpes zoster, Infectious mononucleosis , Klebsiella pneumoniae , Liver abscess, Liver fluke, Malaria, Mycobacterium tuberculosis , Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Osteomyelitis, Otitis media, Pelvic abscess, Pelvic inflammatory disease, Perinephric abscess, Pertussis, Plague, Poliomyelitis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pyelonephritis, Rabies, Rheumatic disease, Rickettsia, Salmonella typhi, Salpingitis, Sepsis, Septic arthritis, Smallpox, Spirochetes, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Subacute endocarditis, Tonsillitis, Varicella, Visceral larva migrans
|
| Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic
|
Septic arthritis
|
| Neurologic
|
Eclampsia, Epidural hemorrhage, Intra cerebral hemorrhage, Pre eclampsia, Subdural hemorrhage
|
| Nutritional/Metabolic
|
Diabetic coma, Diabetic ketoacidosis, Uremia
|
| Obstetric/Gynecologic
|
Cesarean delivery, Eclampsia, Pelvic inflammatory disease, Preeclampsia, Pregnancy, Salpingitis
|
| Oncologic
|
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia, Acute myelogenous leukemia, Agnogenic myeloid metaplasia, Bronchogenic carcinoma , Gastric carcinoma, Hairy cell leukemia, Hodgkin's lymphoma, Paraneoplastic phenomenon , Renal carcinoma, Squamous cell carcinoma
|
| Ophthalmologic
|
No underlying causes
|
| Overdose/Toxicity
|
No underlying causes
|
| Psychiatric
|
Chronic anxiety state, Depression, Panic disorders, Posttraumatic stress disorder
|
| Pulmonary
|
Bronchogenic carcinoma , Hemoperitoneum, Klebsiella pneumoniae
|
| Renal/Electrolyte
|
Perinephric abscess, Pyelonephritis, Renal carcinoma, Renal insufficiency
|
| Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy
|
Acute gout, Giant cell arteritis, Rheumatic disease, Rheumatoid arthritis, Vasculitis
|
| Sexual
|
No underlying causes
|
| Trauma
|
Burns, Epidural hemorrhage, Hemarthrosis, Hemoperitoneum, Intra cerebral hemorrhage, Major tissue injury, Subdural hemorrhage
|
| Urologic
|
No underlying causes
|
| Miscellaneous
|
Chronic idiopathic neutrophilia, Cigarette smoking, Emotional stress, Insect venoms, Physical stress, Vigorous exercise
|
Causes in Alphabetical Order
Causes of Decreased Leukocyte Alkaline Phosphatase[3][4]
Common Causes
Causes by Organ System
| Cardiovascular
|
No underlying causes
|
| Chemical/Poisoning
|
No underlying causes
|
| Dental
|
No underlying causes
|
| Dermatologic
|
No underlying causes
|
| Drug Side Effect
|
No underlying causes
|
| Ear Nose Throat
|
No underlying causes
|
| Endocrine
|
No underlying causes
|
| Environmental
|
No underlying causes
|
| Gastroenterologic
|
No underlying causes
|
| Genetic
|
No underlying causes
|
| Hematologic
|
No underlying causes
|
| Iatrogenic
|
No underlying causes
|
| Infectious Disease
|
No underlying causes
|
| Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic
|
No underlying causes
|
| Neurologic
|
No underlying causes
|
| Nutritional/Metabolic
|
No underlying causes
|
| Obstetric/Gynecologic
|
No underlying causes
|
| Oncologic
|
No underlying causes
|
| Ophthalmologic
|
No underlying causes
|
| Overdose/Toxicity
|
No underlying causes
|
| Psychiatric
|
No underlying causes
|
| Pulmonary
|
No underlying causes
|
| Renal/Electrolyte
|
No underlying causes
|
| Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy
|
No underlying causes
|
| Sexual
|
No underlying causes
|
| Trauma
|
No underlying causes
|
| Urologic
|
No underlying causes
|
| Miscellaneous
|
No underlying causes
|
Causes in Alphabetical Order
References
- ↑ Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:77 ISBN 1591032016
- ↑ Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:68 ISBN 140510368X
- ↑ Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:77 ISBN 1591032016
- ↑ Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:68 ISBN 140510368X
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