Orthopnea causes

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Mugilan Poongkunran M.B.B.S [2]

Overview

Othopnea is often observed among patients with left heart failure, the causes of which are included in the list below.

Causes

Common Causes

• Aortic regurgitation
• Aortic stenosis
• Hypertension
• Mitral regurgitation
• Myocardial ischemia

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular	Acute cardiac allograft rejection, Amyloid cardiomyopathy, Cardiac sarcoidosis, Cardiac tumors, Chronic aortic regurgitation , Chronic hypertension, Cor pulmonale , Diabetic heart disease, Eisenmenger syndrome, Endomyocardial fibrosis, Fallot tetralogy, Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, Idiopathic restrictive cardiomyopathy, Ischemic heart disease , Left-sided heart failure, Mitral Regurgitation, Mitral valve stenosis, Multifocal atrial tachycardia, Myocardial infarction , Patent ductus arteriosus, Pericardial effusion , Pericardiocentesis, Peripartum cardiomyopathy, Severe hypertension , ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction Complications, Stress-induced cardiomyopathy, Tuberculous pericarditis,
Chemical/Poisoning	Beryllium, Cadmium, Carbon monoxide toxicity, Coal worker pneumoconiosis, Cobalt, Fume inhalation , Lead, Mercury, Nitrogen dioxide, Organophosphates, Selenium, Silica , Snake bite , Sulphur dioxide,
Dental	No underlying causes
Dermatologic	Dermatomyositis, Mixed connective tissue disease,
Drug Side Effect	Amphetamines, Anthracyclines, Bleomycin , Calcium channel blockers (nifedipine) , Calcium overload, Carmustine, Carnitine, Cetuximab, Chloroquine, Clozapine, Cyanides, Cyclophosphamide, Dasatinib, Didanosine, Gemcitabine, Gemeprost, Glatiramer acetate, Glutaraldehyde, Mitomycin C, Nitrofurantoin, NSAIDs , Paricalcitol, Pentostatin, Phenothiazines, Protamine sulfate, Regadenoson, Rifampicin, Ticagrelor, Trastuzumab, Trichloro-s-triazinetriome, Zalcitabine, Zidovudine,
Ear Nose Throat	Tracheolaryngobronchitis,
Endocrine	Cushing's disease, Diabetic heart disease, Goitre, Hyperthyroidism, Hypocalcemia, Hypophosphatemia, Hypothyroidism , Liquorice , Mineralocorticoids , Pheochromocytoma, Thyrotoxic myopathy ,
Environmental	Beryllium, Cadmium, Carbon monoxide toxicity, Coal worker pneumoconiosis, Cobalt, Fume inhalation , Lead, Liquorice , Malnutrition , Mercury, Morbid obesity , Organophosphates, Silica , Smoke inhalation, Snake bite , Sulphur dioxide,
Gastroenterologic	Aspiration of stomach contents , Liver Cirrhosis , Pancreatitis, acute, Portopulmonary hypertension,
Genetic	Congenital impairment of lymphatic system , Cystic fibrosis, Fallot tetralogy, Friedreich's ataxia, Hereditary hemochromatosis, Hereditary spastic paraplegia, Hereditary spinal muscular atrophy, Histiocytosis X, Inclusion body myositis, Kennedy syndrome (bulbospinal muscular atrophy), Langerhans cell histiocytosis , Late-onset Tay-Sachs disease (GM2 gangliosidosis), Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy, Lysosomal acid maltase deficiency (glycogen storage disease II, Pompe disease), Myotonic dystrophy, Patent ductus arteriosus,
Hematologic	Congenital impairment of lymphatic system , Disseminated intravascular coagulopathy , Hemorrhagic shock , Hereditary hemochromatosis, Histiocytosis X, Langerhans cell histiocytosis , Lymphangiomyomatosis, Septic shock, Severe anaemia , Transfusion reactions, Wegener granulomatosis,
Iatrogenic	Acute cardiac allograft rejection, Anaphylaxis and anapyhlactoid reactions, Aspiration of stomach contents , Insulin treatment , IV fluid overload , Neck surgery, Pericardiocentesis, Pneumothorax, Radiation brainstem injury/radiation myelopathy, Transfusion reactions,
Infectious Disease	Chagas disease, Guillain-Barré syndrome, Herpes zoster, HIV infection, Human monocytotropic ehrlichiosis, Lyme disease, Pleural effusion, Pneumocystis jiroveci, Pneumonia, Post-polio progressive muscular atrophy, Post-viral neuropathy, Septic shock, Toxocariasis, Tropical pulmonary eosinophilia, Tuberculous pericarditis, Viral cardiomyopathy, Yersinia pestis,
Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic	Cervical spondylosis with compressive radiculopathy and myelopathy, Dermatomyositis, Eaton Lambert Syndrome, Inclusion body myositis, Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy, Mixed connective tissue disease, Myasthenia gravis, Myotonic dystrophy, Polymyositis,, Post-polio progressive muscular atrophy, Progressive muscular atrophy, Rheumatoid arthritis,
Neurologic	Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Bilateral diaphragmatic paralysis, Central sleep apnea, Cervical spondylosis with compressive radiculopathy and myelopathy, Eaton Lambert Syndrome, Friedreich's ataxia, Guillain-Barré syndrome, Hereditary spastic paraplegia, Hereditary spinal muscular atrophy, Intraspinal tumors , Kennedy syndrome (bulbospinal muscular atrophy), Late-onset Tay-Sachs disease (GM2 gangliosidosis), Monomelic (benign focal) amyotrophy, Motor neuron syndromes in cancers, Multifocal motor neuropathy, Multiple sclerosis, Myasthenia gravis, Myotonic dystrophy, Neurogenic pulmonary oedema, Phrenic nerve injury due to stretching or cooling during cardiac surgery, Post-polio progressive muscular atrophy, Post-viral neuropathy, Preeclampsia-eclampsia , Primary lateral sclerosis, Progressive bulbar palsy, Progressive muscular atrophy, Radiation brainstem injury/radiation myelopathy, Stroke ,
Nutritional/Metabolic	Hypocalcemia, Hypophosphatemia, Hypoproteinaemia, Lysosomal acid maltase deficiency (glycogen storage disease II, Pompe disease), Thiamine, 'Wet' Beri beri ,
Obstetric/Gynecologic	Peripartum cardiomyopathy, Preeclampsia-eclampsia , Pregnancy, Premenstrual syndrome ,
Oncologic	Bronchogenic carcinoma, Cardiac tumors, Intraspinal tumors , Malignant pleural mesothelioma, Motor neuron syndromes in cancers,
Ophthalmologic	No underlying causes
Overdose/Toxicity	Bleomycin , Cocaine, Cyanides, Mineralocorticoids , Narcotic overdose ,
Psychiatric	Stress-induced cardiomyopathy,
Pulmonary	Acute pulmonary embolism, acute respiratory distress syndrome, altitude sickness, asthma, bilateral diaphragmatic paralysis, bronchiectasis, bronchiolitis obliterans, bronchitis, bronchogenic carcinoma, bronchogenic cyst, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, bronchospasm, central sleep apnea, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Churg-Strauss syndrome, cor pulmonale, CREST syndrome, cystic fibrosis, diffuse panbronchiolitis, Eisenmenger syndrome, empyema, extrinsic allergic alveolitis, fibrosing alveolitis, cryptogenic, goodpasture syndrome, idiopathic pulmonary haemosiderosis, interstitial lung disease , malignant pleural mesothelioma, near-drowning, pleural effusion, pneumonia, pneumothorax, polyarteritis nodosa, portopulmonary hypertension, pulmonary alveolar proteinosis, pulmonary edema, pulmonary embolism, pulmonary fibrosis, pulmonary hypertension, pulmonary veno-occlusive disease, pulmonic stenosis, respiratory failure, sclerosing mediastinitis, systemic lupus erythematosus(shrinking lung syndrome), smoke inhalation, tracheolaryngobronchitis, transient tachypnea of the newborn, tropical pulmonary eosinophilia
Renal/Electrolyte	Nephritic syndrome , Nephrotic syndrome , Renal artery stenosis, Renal failure , Respiratory acidosis, Respiratory alkalosis, Uremia, Viral cardiomyopathy,
Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy	Acute cardiac allograft rejection, anaphylaxis and anapyhlactoid reactions, asthma, cardiac sarcoidosis, Churg-Strauss syndrome, CREST syndrome, cytokine release syndrome, dermatomyositis, Lambert-Eaton Syndrome, goodpasture syndrome, mixed connective tissue disease, myasthenia gravis, polyarteritis nodosa, polymyositis, rheumatoid arthritis, sclerosing mediastinitis, systemic lupus erythematosus(shrinking lung syndrome), systemic sclerosis, Wegener granulomatosis
Sexual	No underlying causes
Trauma	Blunt neck trauma, head injury, hemorrhagic shock, neck surgery, rib fracture
Urologic	No underlying causes
Miscellaneous	Altitude sickness, amyloid cardiomyopathy, heavy alcohol intake, malnutrition, morbid obesity, near-drowning

Causes by Organ System developed by WikiDoc.org, Copyleft 2013

Causes in Alphabetical Order

• Disease A

• Disease B

• Disease C

Causes of Orthopnea causes developed by WikiDoc.org, Copyleft 2013

Causes in Alphabetical Order

• Atrial fibrillation
• Alcoholism
• Anemia
• Angina
• Aortic regurgitation
• Aortic stenosis
• Arteriovenous fistula
• Beriberi
• Cardiac aneurysm
• Cardiomyopathy
• Constrictive pericarditis
• Drugs, toxins
• Hypertension
• Hyperthyroidism
• Hypovolemia
• Hypoxia
• Mediastinal tumors
• Mitral regurgitation
• Myocardial infarction
• Paget's disease
• Pancoast's tumor
• Pericardial effusion
• Pericardial tamponade
• Perimyocarditis
• Protein deficiency
• Restrictive cardiomyopathy
• Rupture of the papillary muscles
• Sepsis
• Superior vena cava thrombosis