Vertigo causes: Difference between revisions

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Revision as of 19:59, 25 July 2013

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Hilda Mahmoudi M.D., M.P.H.^[2]

Overview

Vertigo caused by problems with the inner ear or vestibular system, which is composed of the semicircular canals, the otolith (utricle and saccule), and the vestibular nerve is called "peripheral", "otologic" or "vestibular" vertigo. The most common cause is benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), which accounts for 32% of all peripheral vertigo. Other causes include Ménière's disease (12%),superior canal dehiscence syndrome, labyrinthitis and visual vertigo. Any cause of inflammation such as common cold, influenza, and bacterial infections may cause transient vertigo if it involves the inner ear, as may chemical insults (e.g., aminoglycosides) or physical trauma (e.g., skull fractures). Motion sickness is sometimes classified as a cause of peripheral vertigo.

Causes

Life Threatening Causes

Common Causes

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular	No underlying causes
Chemical / poisoning	Amanita muscaria, arsine, cyanide, multiple chemical sensitivity, nitrogen narcosis, snakebites , tsetse fly
Dermatologic	Neurofibromatosis
Drug Side Effect	3-Quinuclidinyl benzilate, 4-HO-MPT, ACE inhibitors, aminoglycosides, anti-obesity drug, antibiotics, anticonvulsants, antiretroviral drug, biperiden, buspirone, cabergoline, daptomycin, flucytosine, gamma-hydroxybutyric acid, gentamicin, histamine agonist, ibotenic acid, isosorbide mononitrate, ketorolac, loop diuretic, loprazolam, lorazepam, lormetazepam, malaria prophylaxis,minocycline, moclobemide, modafinil, nialamide, nitrazepam, oprelvekin, papaverine, paroxetine, perphenazine, praziquantel, sedatives, SSRI discontinuation syndrome, streptomycin, sultiame, temazepam, trazodone, tuberculosis treatment, valaciclovir, venlafaxine, vigabatrin, viloxazine, zimelidine, zolmitriptan
Ear Nose Throat	Acoustic neuroma, cogan syndrome, earwax, herpes zoster oticus, labyrinth infarction, labyrinthine concussion, labyrinthitis, meniere's disease, otitis externa, otitis media, ototoxicity, perilymphatic fistula, semicircular canal dehiscence syndrome, superior canal dehiscence syndrome
Endocrine	No underlying causes
Environmental	Microwave auditory effect, noise health effects
Gastroenterologic	No underlying causes
Genetic	Fabry's disease, neurofibromatosis
Hematologic	Polycythemia vera
Iatrogenic	No underlying causes
Infectious Disease	Bacterial infection, common cold, herpes zoster oticus, influenza, labyrinthitis, lyme disease, mastoiditis, syphillis, viral infection
Musculoskeletal / Ortho	No underlying causes
Neurologic	Acoustic neuroma, arachnoid cyst, Arnold-Chiari malformation, balance disorder, benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, brain zaps, brainstem infarction, brainstem ischemia, brainstem stroke, bruns' syndrome, cerebellar hemorrhage, cerebellar infarction, cerebral shunt, cerebrovascular accident, colloid cyst, episodic ataxia, facial nerve paralysis, hydrocephalus, inferior cerebellar bleeding, inferior cerebellar infarction, lateral medullary syndrome, migraine headaches, migrainous vertigo, multiple sclerosis, neurofibromatosis, non-epileptic seizure, oculogyric crisis, opsoclonus myoclonus syndrome, Ramsay Hunt syndrome , recurrent vestibulopathy, sensorineural hearing loss, spinocerebellar ataxia, stroke, stroke recovery, Tolosa-Hunt syndrome, vasovagal syncope, vertebrobasilar insufficiency, vertebrobasilar transient ischemic attack, vestibular neuritis
Nutritional / Metabolic	No underlying causes
Obstetric/Gynecologic	Hyperemesis gravidarum
Oncologic	No underlying causes
Opthalmologic	Cogan syndrome
Overdose / Toxicity	Alcohol, aminoglycosides, atenolol, cinchonism, drug overdose, gentamicin, hellebore
Psychiatric	Panic attack
Pulmonary	No underlying causes
Renal / Electrolyte	No underlying causes
Rheum / Immune / Allergy	Cogan syndrome
Sexual	No underlying causes
Trauma	Head injury, labyrinthine concussion, skull fractures
Urologic	No underlying causes
Dental	No underlying causes
Miscellaneous	Airsickness, chronic fatigue syndrome, decompression sickness, deep water blackout, morning sickness, motion sickness, sea-sickness, sound pressure, taravana, tobacco smoking, visceroptosis

Causes in Alphabetical Order

References

Template:WH Template:WS

@@ Line 7: / Line 7: @@
 ==Causes==
-===Life threatening Causes===
+===Life Threatening Causes===
 *[[Brainstem stroke]]
 *[[Intracranial hemorrhage|Cerebellar hemorrhage]]
 *[[Cerebellar infarction]]
-*[[Cerebrovascular accident]]
 *[[Cyanide]]
 *[[Drug overdose]]
@@ Line 39: / Line 38: @@
 ===Causes by Organ System===
 {|style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1"
 |style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Cardiovascular'''
 |style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Chemical / poisoning'''
+|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Amanita muscaria]], [[arsine]], [[cyanide]], [[multiple chemical sensitivity]], [[nitrogen narcosis]], [[snakebites ]], [[tsetse fly]]
-|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Amanita muscaria]], [[arsine]], [[cyanide]], [[multiple chemical sensitivity]],  [[nitrogen narcosis]], [[snakebites ]], [[tsetse fly]]
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Dermatologic'''
 |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Neurofibromatosis]]
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Drug Side Effect'''
 |bgcolor="Beige"| [[3-Quinuclidinyl benzilate]], [[4-HO-MPT]], [[ACE inhibitors]], [[aminoglycosides]], [[anti-obesity drug]], [[antibiotics]], [[anticonvulsants]], [[antiretroviral drug]], [[biperiden]], [[buspirone]], [[cabergoline]], [[daptomycin]], [[flucytosine]], [[gamma-hydroxybutyric acid]], [[gentamicin]], [[histamine agonist]], [[ibotenic acid]], [[isosorbide mononitrate]], [[ketorolac]], [[loop diuretic]], [[loprazolam]], [[lorazepam]], [[lormetazepam]], [[malaria prophylaxis]],[[minocycline]], [[moclobemide]], [[modafinil]], [[nialamide]], [[nitrazepam]], [[oprelvekin]], [[papaverine]], [[paroxetine]], [[perphenazine]], [[praziquantel]], [[sedatives]], [[SSRI discontinuation syndrome]], [[streptomycin]], [[sultiame]], [[temazepam]], [[trazodone]], [[tuberculosis treatment]], [[valaciclovir]], [[venlafaxine]], [[vigabatrin]], [[viloxazine]], [[zimelidine]], [[zolmitriptan]]
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Ear Nose Throat'''
+|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Acoustic neuroma]], [[cogan syndrome]], [[earwax]], [[herpes zoster oticus]], [[Vertebrobasilar insufficiency|labyrinth infarction]], [[Concussion|labyrinthine concussion]], [[labyrinthitis]], [[meniere's disease]], [[otitis externa]], [[otitis media]], [[ototoxicity]], [[perilymphatic fistula]], [[Superior canal dehiscence syndrome|semicircular canal dehiscence syndrome]], [[superior canal dehiscence syndrome]]
-|bgcolor="Beige"|
-[[Acoustic neuroma]], [[cogan syndrome]], [[earwax]], [[herpes zoster oticus]], [[Vertebrobasilar insufficiency|labyrinth infarction]], [[Concussion|labyrinthine concussion]], [[labyrinthitis]], [[meniere's disease]], [[otitis externa]], [[otitis media]], [[ototoxicity]], [[perilymphatic fistula]], [[Superior canal dehiscence syndrome|semicircular canal dehiscence syndrome]], [[superior canal dehiscence syndrome]]
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Endocrine'''
 |bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Environmental'''
 |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Microwave auditory effect]], [[noise health effects]]
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Gastroenterologic'''
 |bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Genetic'''
 |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Fabry's disease]], [[neurofibromatosis]]
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Hematologic'''
 |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Polycythemia vera]]
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Iatrogenic'''
 |bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Infectious Disease'''
 |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Bacterial infection]], [[common cold]], [[herpes zoster oticus]], [[influenza]], [[labyrinthitis]], [[lyme disease]], [[mastoiditis]], [[syphillis]], [[viral infection]]
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Musculoskeletal / Ortho'''
 |bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Neurologic'''
+|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Acoustic neuroma]], [[arachnoid cyst]], [[Arnold-Chiari malformation]], [[balance disorder]], [[benign paroxysmal positional vertigo]], [[brain zaps]], [[Lateral medullary syndrome|brainstem infarction]], [[Lateral medullary syndrome|brainstem ischemia]], [[brainstem stroke]], [[Ludwig Bruns|bruns' syndrome]], [[Intracranial hemorrhage|cerebellar hemorrhage]], [[cerebellar infarction]], [[cerebral shunt]], [[cerebrovascular accident]], [[colloid cyst]], [[episodic ataxia]], [[facial nerve paralysis]], [[hydrocephalus]], [[Intracranial hemorrhage|inferior cerebellar bleeding]], [[Cerebellar infarction|inferior cerebellar infarction]], [[lateral medullary syndrome]], [[migraine headaches]], [[Migraine|migrainous vertigo]], [[multiple sclerosis]], [[neurofibromatosis]], [[non-epileptic seizure]], [[oculogyric crisis]], [[opsoclonus myoclonus syndrome]], [[Ramsay Hunt syndrome ]], [[Migraine|recurrent vestibulopathy]], [[sensorineural hearing loss]], [[spinocerebellar ataxia]], [[stroke]], [[stroke recovery]], [[Tolosa-Hunt syndrome]], [[vasovagal syncope]], [[vertebrobasilar insufficiency]], [[Transient ischemic attack|vertebrobasilar transient ischemic attack]], [[vestibular neuritis]]
-|bgcolor="Beige"|
-[[Acoustic neuroma]], [[arachnoid cyst]], [[Arnold-Chiari malformation]], [[balance disorder]], [[benign paroxysmal positional vertigo]], [[brain zaps]], [[Lateral medullary syndrome|brainstem infarction]], [[Lateral medullary syndrome|brainstem ischemia]], [[brainstem stroke]], [[Ludwig Bruns|bruns' syndrome]], [[Intracranial hemorrhage|cerebellar hemorrhage]], [[cerebellar infarction]], [[cerebral shunt]], [[cerebrovascular accident]], [[colloid cyst]], [[episodic ataxia]], [[facial nerve paralysis]], [[hydrocephalus]], [[Intracranial hemorrhage|inferior cerebellar bleeding]], [[Cerebellar infarction|inferior cerebellar infarction]], [[lateral medullary syndrome]], [[migraine headaches]], [[Migraine|migrainous vertigo]], [[multiple sclerosis]], [[neurofibromatosis]], [[non-epileptic seizure]], [[oculogyric crisis]], [[opsoclonus myoclonus syndrome]], [[ramsay hunt syndrome ]], recurrent vestibulopathy, [[sensorineural hearing loss]], [[spinocerebellar ataxia]], [[stroke]], [[stroke recovery]], [[tolosa-hunt syndrome]], vasovagal episode, [[vasovagal syncope]], vertebrobasilar inschemia, vertebrobasilar transient ischemic attack, [[vestibular neuritis]]
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Nutritional / Metabolic'''
 |bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Obstetric/Gynecologic'''
 |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Hyperemesis gravidarum]]
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Oncologic'''
 |bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Opthalmologic'''
+|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Cogan syndrome]]
-|bgcolor="Beige"| Cogan's syndrome
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Overdose / Toxicity'''
 |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Alcohol]], [[aminoglycosides]], [[atenolol]], [[cinchonism]], [[drug overdose]], [[gentamicin]], [[hellebore]]
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Psychiatric'''
 |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Panic attack]]
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Pulmonary'''
 |bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Renal / Electrolyte'''
 |bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Rheum / Immune / Allergy'''
+|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Cogan syndrome]]
-|bgcolor="Beige"| Cogan's syndrome
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Sexual'''
 |bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Trauma'''
+|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Head injury]], [[Concussion|labyrinthine concussion]], [[skull fractures]]
-|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Head injury]], labyrinthine concussion, [[skull fractures]]
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Urologic'''
 |bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Dental'''
 |bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Miscellaneous'''
 |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Airsickness]], [[chronic fatigue syndrome]], [[decompression sickness]], [[deep water blackout]], [[morning sickness]], [[motion sickness]], [[sea-sickness]], [[sound pressure]], [[taravana]], [[tobacco smoking]], [[visceroptosis]]
 |-
 |}
@@ Line 268: / Line 156: @@
 {{col-break|width=33%}}
 *[[3-Quinuclidinyl benzilate]]
 *[[4-HO-MPT]]
 *[[ACE inhibitors]]
 *[[Acoustic neuroma]]
 *[[Airsickness]]
 *[[Alcohol]]
 *[[Amanita muscaria]]
 *[[Aminoglycosides]]
 *[[Anti-obesity drug]]
 *[[Antibiotics]]
 *[[Anticonvulsants]]
 *[[Antiretroviral drug]]
 *[[Arachnoid cyst]]
 *[[Arnold-Chiari malformation]]
 *[[Arsine]]
 *[[Atenolol]]
 *[[Bacterial infection]]
 *[[Balance disorder]]
 *[[Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo]]
 *[[Biperiden]]
 *[[Brain zaps]]
 *[[Lateral medullary syndrome|Brainstem infarction]]
 *[[Lateral medullary syndrome|Brainstem ischemia]]
 *[[Brainstem stroke]]
 *[[Ludwig Bruns|Bruns' syndrome]]
 *[[Buspirone]]
 *[[Cabergoline]]
 *[[Intracranial hemorrhage|Cerebellar hemorrhage]]
 *[[Cerebellar infarction]]
 *[[Cerebral shunt]]
 *[[Cerebrovascular accident]]
 *[[Chronic fatigue syndrome]]
 *[[Cinchonism]]
 *[[Cogan syndrome]]
 *[[Colloid cyst]]
 *[[Common cold]]
 *[[Cyanide]]
 *[[Daptomycin]]
 *[[Decompression sickness]]
 *[[Deep water blackout]]
 *[[Drug overdose]]
 *[[Earwax]]
 *[[Episodic ataxia ]]
 *[[Fabry's disease]]
 *[[Facial nerve paralysis]]
 *[[Flucytosine]]
+{{col-break|width=33%}}
 *[[Gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid]]
-{{col-break|width=33%}}
 *[[Gentamicin]]
 *[[Head injury]]
 *[[Hellebore]]
 *[[Herpes zoster oticus]]
 *[[Histamine agonist]]
 *[[Hydrocephalus]]
@@ Line 388: / Line 225: @@
 *[[Lormetazepam]]
 *[[Lyme disease]]
 *[[Malaria prophylaxis]]
 *[[Mastoiditis]]
-*Medicines
 *[[Meniere's disease]]
 *[[Microwave auditory effect]]
 *[[Migraine headaches]]
 *[[Migraine|Migrainous vertigo]]
 *[[Minocycline]]
@@ Line 419: / Line 248: @@
 *[[Opsoclonus myoclonus syndrome]]
 *[[Otitis externa]]
+{{col-break|width=33%}}
 *[[Otitis media]]
-{{col-break|width=33%}}
 *[[Ototoxicity]]
 *[[Panic attack]]
 *[[Papaverine]]
 *[[Paroxetine]]
 *[[Perilymphatic fistula]]
 *[[Perphenazine]]
 *[[Polycythemia vera]]
 *[[Praziquantel]]
 *[[Ramsay Hunt syndrome ]]
+*[[Migraine|Recurrent vestibulopathy]]
-*Recurrent vestibulopathy
 *[[Sea-sickness]]
 *[[Sedatives]]
+*[[Superior canal dehiscence syndrome|Semicircular canal dehiscence syndrome]]
-*Semicircular canal dehiscence syndrome
+*[[Superior canal dehiscence syndrome]]
 *[[Sensorineural hearing loss]]
 *[[Skull fractures]]
 *[[Snakebites ]]
 *[[Sound pressure]]
 *[[Spinocerebellar ataxia]]
 *[[SSRI discontinuation syndrome]]
 *[[Streptomycin]]
 *[[Stroke]]
 *[[Stroke recovery]]
 *[[Sultiame]]
 *[[Superior canal dehiscence syndrome|Superior canal dehiscence syndrome]]
 *[[Syphillis]]
 *[[Taravana]]
 *[[Temazepam]]
 *[[Tobacco smoking]]
 *[[Tolosa-Hunt syndrome]]
 *[[Trazodone]]
 *[[Tsetse fly]]
 *[[Tuberculosis treatment]]
 *[[Valaciclovir]]
-*[[Vasovagal episode]]
 *[[Vasovagal syncope]]
 *[[Venlafaxine]]
+*[[Vertebrobasilar insufficiency]]
-*[[Vertebrobasilar inschemia]]
+*[[Transient ischemic attack|Vertebrobasilar transient ischemic attack]]
-*[[Vertebrobasilar transient ischemic attack]]
 *[[Vestibular neuritis]]
 *[[Vigabatrin]]
 *[[Viloxazine]]
@@ Line 504: / Line 294: @@
 *[[Visceroptosis]]
 *[[Zimelidine]]
 *[[Zolmitriptan]]
 {{col-end}}
@@ Line 511: / Line 300: @@
 {{Reflist|2}}
-{{WH}}
+[[Category:Signs and symptoms]]
-{{WS}}
 [[Category:Neurology]]
 [[Category:Otolaryngology]]
 [[Category:Signs and symptoms]]
 [[Category:Primary care]]
+{{WH}}
+{{WS}}