Porokeratosis: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Porokeratosis is a specific disorder of keratinization that is characterized histologically by the presence of a cornoid lamella, a thin column of closely stacked | Porokeratosis is a specific disorder of epidermal [[keratinization]] that is characterized histologically by the presence of a cornoid lamella, a thin column of closely stacked parakeratotic cells extending through the [[stratum corneum]] with a thin or absent granular layer.<ref name="Fitz2">Freedberg, et al. (2003). ''Fitzpatrick's Dermatology in General Medicine''. (6th ed.). McGraw-Hill. ISBN 0-07-138076-0.</ref> | ||
==Historical Perspective== | ==Historical Perspective== | ||
Porokeratosis | Porokeratosis was first described by Mibelli in 1893. | ||
==Classification== | ==Classification== | ||
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:* [[Linear porokeratosis]] | :* [[Linear porokeratosis]] | ||
:* [[Punctate porokeratosis]] | :* [[Punctate porokeratosis]] | ||
:* [[Porokeratosis plantaris discreta]]<ref name="Andrews">James, William; Berger, Timothy; Elston, Dirk (2005). ''Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: Clinical Dermatology''. (10th ed.). Saunders. ISBN 0-7216-2921-0.</ref> | |||
==Causes== | ==Causes== | ||
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==Risk Factors== | ==Risk Factors== | ||
* Sun exposure | * Sun exposure | ||
* Virus infection | * [[Virus]] infection | ||
* Immunosuppression | * [[Immunosuppression]] | ||
* Radioactivity | * Radioactivity | ||
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==Diagnosis== | ==Diagnosis== | ||
===Physical Findings=== | ===Physical Findings=== | ||
* Classic porokeratosis Mibelli consists of a single plaque or a small number of plaques of variable size, usually located unilaterally on limbs. | * Classic porokeratosis Mibelli consists of a single plaque or a small number of [[plaques]] of variable size, usually located unilaterally on limbs. | ||
* Disseminated superficial porokeratosis is a variant of classic porokeratosis Mibelli characterized by small erythematous or pigmented keratotic papules with central atrophy, located on the trunk, genitals, palms, and soles. | * Disseminated superficial porokeratosis is a variant of classic porokeratosis Mibelli characterized by small erythematous or pigmented keratotic [[papules]] with central atrophy, located on the trunk, genitals, palms, and soles. | ||
* Linear porokeratosis usually arises as plaques that follows [[Blaschko's lines]]. | * Linear porokeratosis usually arises as plaques that follows [[Blaschko's lines]]. | ||
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==Treatment== | ==Treatment== | ||
Skin care with topical isotretinoin 0.1% cream once daily and 5% urea. | Skin care with topical [[isotretinoin]] 0.1% cream once daily and 5% urea. | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 21:42, 30 July 2013
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Mugilan Poongkunran M.B.B.S [2]
Overview
Porokeratosis is a specific disorder of epidermal keratinization that is characterized histologically by the presence of a cornoid lamella, a thin column of closely stacked parakeratotic cells extending through the stratum corneum with a thin or absent granular layer.[1]
Historical Perspective
Porokeratosis was first described by Mibelli in 1893.
Classification
Porokeratosis may be divided into the following clinical types:
Causes
The etiology of porokeratosis is still unclear. An autosomal dominant inheritance has been established for classic porokeratosis Mibelli, disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis, disseminated superficial porokeratosis, porokeratosis palmaris et plantaris disseminata.
Risk Factors
- Sun exposure
- Virus infection
- Immunosuppression
- Radioactivity
Epidemiology and Demographics
It frequently appears in childhood but may appear at any age, especially in nonhereditary cases, with a higher incidence in males.
Diagnosis
Physical Findings
- Classic porokeratosis Mibelli consists of a single plaque or a small number of plaques of variable size, usually located unilaterally on limbs.
- Disseminated superficial porokeratosis is a variant of classic porokeratosis Mibelli characterized by small erythematous or pigmented keratotic papules with central atrophy, located on the trunk, genitals, palms, and soles.
- Linear porokeratosis usually arises as plaques that follows Blaschko's lines.
Laboratory Findings
Histopathological examination reveals typical cornoid lamella confirming the diagnosis of porokeratosis.
Treatment
Skin care with topical isotretinoin 0.1% cream once daily and 5% urea.