Aortic dissection causes: Difference between revisions

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*[[AIDS natural history, complications and prognosis#Other complications|AIDS]]<ref name="Shen-2012">{{Cite journal  | last1 = Shen | first1 = YZ. | last2 = Song | first2 = W. | last3 = Lu | first3 = HZ. | title = Type I aortic dissection in a patient with human immunodeficiency virus infection. | journal = Biosci Trends | volume = 6 | issue = 3 | pages = 143-6 | month = Jun | year = 2012 | doi = | PMID = 22890163 }}</ref>
{{Template:Aortic dissection}}
*[[Loeys-Dietz syndrome|Aneurysms osteoarthritis syndrome]]
{{CMG}}; {{VR}}
*[[Annuloaortic ectasia]]
 
*[[Aortic valve replacement|Aortic valve replacement surgery]]<ref name="Mohr-1998">{{Cite journal  | last1 = Mohr | first1 = FW. | last2 = Falk | first2 = V. | last3 = Diegeler | first3 = A. | last4 = Walther | first4 = T. | last5 = van Son | first5 = JA. | last6 = Autschbach | first6 = R. | title = Minimally invasive port-access mitral valve surgery. | journal = J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg | volume = 115 | issue = 3 | pages = 567-74; discussion 574-6 | month = Mar | year = 1998 | doi = | PMID = 9535444 }}</ref>
==Overview==
*[[Aortitis]]
[[Atherosclerosis]] and [[hypertension]] are associated with spontaneous dissection, while blunt trauma injury and sudden deceleration in a [[motor vehicle accident]] is a major cause of traumatic [[aortic]] dissection.
*[[Arteritis]]
 
==Causes==
===Common Causes===
*[[Atherosclerosis]]
*[[Atherosclerosis]]
*[[Atherosclerosis]]
*[[Iatrogenic|Cardiac procedures related]]
[[Atherosclerosis]] and [[hypertension]] are associated with spontaneous dissection, while blunt trauma injury and sudden deceleration in a [[motor vehicle accident]] is a major cause of traumatic [[aortic]] dissection.
*[[Chest trauma]]
*[[Behçet's disease]]
*[[Connective tissue disorders]]
| '''Infectious Disease'''
*[[Hypertension]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[AIDS natural history, complications and prognosis#Other complications|AIDS]], [annuloaortic ectasia]],  [[aortitis]],  [[syphilitic aortitis]]
*[[Vasculitis]]<ref name="pmid2062514">{{cite journal| author=| title=Classification of diabetic retinopathy from fluorescein angiograms. ETDRS report number 11. Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study Research Group. | journal=Ophthalmology | year= 1991 | volume= 98 | issue= 5 Suppl | pages= 807-22 | pmid=2062514 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=2062514 }} </ref>
|-
 
| '''Genetic'''
===Causes by Organ System===
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Loeys-Dietz syndrome|Aneurysms osteoarthritis syndrome]],  [[annuloaortic ectasia]],  [[bicuspid aortic valve]],  [[Ehlers-Danlos syndrome]],  [[Erdheim's cystic medial necrosis]],  [[familial aortic dissection]],  [[fibromuscular dysplasia]],  [[Loeys-Dietz syndrome]],  [[Marfan syndrome]],  [[Loeys-Dietz syndrome|mutation of TGF-β receptor genes]],  [[Familial aortic dissection|mutations in genes encoding α-actin and β-myosin]],  [[Loeys-Dietz syndrome|mutations in SMAD3]],  [[Ehlers-Danlos syndrome|mutations in the gene encoding filamin A]], [[Noonan syndrome]],  [[osteogenesis imperfecta]],  [[pseudoxanthoma elasticum]],  [[Turner syndrome]]
{|style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1"
|-
|style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Cardiovascular'''
| '''Iatrogenic'''
|style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" | [[Atherosclerosis]], [[bicuspid aortic valve]],  [[hypertension]],  [[malignant hypertension]], [[vasculitis]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Aortic valve replacement|Aortic valve replacement surgery]],  [[cardiac catheterization]],  [[coronary artery bypass graft surgery]],  [[Stent|following implantation of stent graft]],  [[Intra-aortic balloon pump#Monitoring for Complications|following use of intra-aortic balloon pump]],  [[Mitral valve replacement#Postoperative Complications/ Risks|mitral valve replacement surgery]],  [[Aortic coarctation surgery#Surgical Complications|surgical correction of aortic coarctation]]
|-
| '''Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Aortitis]],  [[arteritis]],  [[Behçet's disease]],  [[giant cell arteritis]],  [[rheumatoid arthritis]],  [[scleroderma]],  [[systemic lupus erythematosus]],  [[Takayasu arteritis]],  [[vasculitis]]
|-
| '''Trauma'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Chest trauma]],  [[Whiplash (medicine)|deceleration injuries]],  [[motor vehicle accident]]
|-
| '''Overdose/Toxicity'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Cocaine abuse]]
|-
| '''Miscellaneous'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Connective tissue disorders]], [[exercise|heavy exercise]],  [[idiopathic]]
|-
| '''Endocrine'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Cushing's syndrome]]
|-
| '''Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Ehlers-Danlos syndrome]], [[osteogenesis imperfecta]]
|-
| '''Nutritional/Metabolic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Homocystinuria]]
|-
| '''Drug Side Effect'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Methonium]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Chemical/Poisoning'''
| '''Chemical/Poisoning'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Dental'''
| '''Dental'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Dermatologic'''
| '''Dermatologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Drug Side Effect'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Methonium]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Ear Nose Throat'''
| '''Ear Nose Throat'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Endocrine'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Cushing's syndrome]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Environmental'''
| '''Environmental'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Gastroenterologic'''
| '''Gastroenterologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Genetic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Loeys-Dietz syndrome|Aneurysms osteoarthritis syndrome]], [[annuloaortic ectasia]],  [[bicuspid aortic valve]],  [[Ehlers-Danlos syndrome]],  [[Erdheim's cystic medial necrosis]],  [[familial aortic dissection]],  [[fibromuscular dysplasia]],  [[Loeys-Dietz syndrome]],  [[Marfan syndrome]],  [[Loeys-Dietz syndrome|mutation of TGF-β receptor genes]],  [[Familial aortic dissection|mutations in genes encoding α-actin and β-myosin]],  [[Loeys-Dietz syndrome|mutations in SMAD3]],  [[Ehlers-Danlos syndrome|mutations in the gene encoding filamin A]],  [[Noonan syndrome]],  [[osteogenesis imperfecta]],  [[pseudoxanthoma elasticum]],  [[Turner syndrome]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Hematologic'''
| '''Hematologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Iatrogenic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Aortic valve replacement|Aortic valve replacement surgery]], [[cardiac catheterization]],  [[coronary artery bypass graft surgery]],  [[Stent|following implantation of stent graft]],  [[Intra-aortic balloon pump#Monitoring for Complications|following use of intra-aortic balloon pump]],  [[Mitral valve replacement#Postoperative Complications/ Risks|mitral valve replacement surgery]],  [[Aortic coarctation surgery#Surgical Complications|surgical correction of aortic coarctation]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Infectious Disease'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[AIDS natural history, complications and prognosis#Other complications|AIDS]], [[annuloaortic ectasia]],  [[aortitis]],  [[syphilitic aortitis]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Ehlers-Danlos syndrome]], [[osteogenesis imperfecta]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Neurologic'''
| '''Neurologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Nutritional/Metabolic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Homocystinuria]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Obstetric/Gynecologic'''
| '''Obstetric/Gynecologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Oncologic'''
| '''Oncologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Ophthalmologic'''
| '''Ophthalmologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Overdose/Toxicity'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Cocaine abuse]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Psychiatric'''
| '''Psychiatric'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Pulmonary'''
| '''Pulmonary'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Renal/Electrolyte'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Polycystic kidney disease]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Aortitis]],  [[arteritis]],  [[Behçet's disease]],  [[giant cell arteritis]],  [[rheumatoid arthritis]],  [[scleroderma]],  [[systemic lupus erythematosus]],  [[Takayasu arteritis]],  [[vasculitis]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Sexual'''
| '''Sexual'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Trauma'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Chest trauma]],  [[Whiplash (medicine)|deceleration injuries]],  [[motor vehicle accident]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Urologic'''
| '''Urologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-
| '''Renal/Electrolyte'''
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Polycystic kidney disease]]
| '''Miscellaneous'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Connective tissue disorders]],  [[exercise|heavy exercise]],  [[idiopathic]]
|-
|-
*[[Bicuspid aortic valve]]
|}
 
===Causes in Alphabetical Order===
{{col-begin|width=80%}}
{{col-break|width=33%}}
*[[AIDS natural history, complications and prognosis#Other complications|AIDS]]<ref name="Shen-2012">{{Cite journal  | last1 = Shen | first1 = YZ. | last2 = Song | first2 = W. | last3 = Lu | first3 = HZ. | title = Type I aortic dissection in a patient with human immunodeficiency virus infection. | journal = Biosci Trends | volume = 6 | issue = 3 | pages = 143-6 | month = Jun | year = 2012 | doi =  | PMID = 22890163 }}</ref>
*[[Loeys-Dietz syndrome|Aneurysms osteoarthritis syndrome]]
*[[Annuloaortic ectasia]]
*[[Aortic valve replacement|Aortic valve replacement surgery]]<ref name="Mohr-1998">{{Cite journal  | last1 = Mohr | first1 = FW. | last2 = Falk | first2 = V. | last3 = Diegeler | first3 = A. | last4 = Walther | first4 = T. | last5 = van Son | first5 = JA. | last6 = Autschbach | first6 = R. | title = Minimally invasive port-access mitral valve surgery. | journal = J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg | volume = 115 | issue = 3 | pages = 567-74; discussion 574-6 | month = Mar | year = 1998 | doi =  | PMID = 9535444 }}</ref>
*[[Aortitis]]
*[[Arteritis]]
*[[Atherosclerosis]]
*[[Behçet's disease]]
*[[Cardiac catheterization]]
*[[Cardiac catheterization]]
*[[Iatrogenic|Cardiac procedures related]]
|style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Cardiovascular'''
|style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" | [[Atherosclerosis]], [[bicuspid aortic valve]],  [[hypertension]],  [[malignant hypertension]],  [[vasculitis]]
|-
==Causes==
===Causes by Organ System===
===Causes in Alphabetical Order===
*[[Chest trauma]]
*[[Chest trauma]]
*[[Chest trauma]]
{{CMG}}; {{VR}}
*[[Cocaine abuse]]
*[[Cocaine abuse]]
{{col-begin|width=80%}}
{{col-break|width=33%}}
{{col-break|width=33%}}
{{col-break|width=33%}}
===Common Causes===
*[[Connective tissue disorders]]
*[[Connective tissue disorders]]
*[[Connective tissue disorders]]
*[[Coronary artery bypass graft surgery]]
*[[Coronary artery bypass graft surgery]]
Line 144: Line 150:
*[[Ehlers-Danlos syndrome]]
*[[Ehlers-Danlos syndrome]]
*[[Erdheim's cystic medial necrosis]]
*[[Erdheim's cystic medial necrosis]]
{{col-break|width=33%}}
*[[Familial aortic dissection]]<ref name="Arbustini-2012">{{Cite journal  | last1 = Arbustini | first1 = E. | last2 = Narula | first2 = N. | title = Extra-aortic identifiers to guide genetic testing in familial thoracic aortic aneurysms and dissections syndromes: it is all about the company one keeps. | journal = J Am Coll Cardiol | volume = 60 | issue = 5 | pages = 404-7 | month = Jul | year = 2012 | doi = 10.1016/j.jacc.2012.03.032 | PMID = 22633652 }}</ref>
*[[Familial aortic dissection]]<ref name="Arbustini-2012">{{Cite journal  | last1 = Arbustini | first1 = E. | last2 = Narula | first2 = N. | title = Extra-aortic identifiers to guide genetic testing in familial thoracic aortic aneurysms and dissections syndromes: it is all about the company one keeps. | journal = J Am Coll Cardiol | volume = 60 | issue = 5 | pages = 404-7 | month = Jul | year = 2012 | doi = 10.1016/j.jacc.2012.03.032 | PMID = 22633652 }}</ref>
*[[Fibromuscular dysplasia]]
*[[Fibromuscular dysplasia]]
Line 151: Line 158:
*[[Exercise|Heavy exercise]]
*[[Exercise|Heavy exercise]]
*[[Homocystinuria]]
*[[Homocystinuria]]
*[[Hypertension]]
*[[Hypertension]]
*[[Idiopathic]]
*[[Idiopathic]]
*[[Loeys-Dietz syndrome]]
*[[Loeys-Dietz syndrome]]
*[[Malignant hypertension]]
*[[Marfan syndrome]
*[[Marfan syndrome]]
*[[Methonium]]<ref name="-1956">{{Cite journal  | title = GANGLION-BLOCKING drugs and dissection of the aorta. | journal = Br Med J | volume = 1 | issue = 4981 | pages = 1473-4 | month = Jun | year = 1956 | doi =  | PMID = 13316190 }}</ref>
*[[Methonium]]<ref name="-1956">{{Cite journal  | title = GANGLION-BLOCKING drugs and dissection of the aorta. | journal = Br Med J | volume = 1 | issue = 4981 | pages = 1473-4 | month = Jun | year = 1956 | doi =  | PMID = 13316190 }}</ref>
*[[Mitral valve replacement#Postoperative Complications/ Risks|Mitral valve replacement surgery]]
*[[Mitral valve replacement#Postoperative Complications/ Risks|Mitral valve replacement surgery]]
Line 162: Line 166:
*[[Loeys-Dietz syndrome|Mutation of TGF-β receptor genes]]<ref name="Choi-2012">{{Cite journal  | last1 = Choi | first1 = JC. | last2 = LeMaire | first2 = SA. | title = Thoracic aortic dissection: genes, molecules, and the knife. | journal = Tex Heart Inst J | volume = 39 | issue = 6 | pages = 838-9 | month =  | year = 2012 | doi =  | PMID = 23304027 }}</ref>
*[[Loeys-Dietz syndrome|Mutation of TGF-β receptor genes]]<ref name="Choi-2012">{{Cite journal  | last1 = Choi | first1 = JC. | last2 = LeMaire | first2 = SA. | title = Thoracic aortic dissection: genes, molecules, and the knife. | journal = Tex Heart Inst J | volume = 39 | issue = 6 | pages = 838-9 | month =  | year = 2012 | doi =  | PMID = 23304027 }}</ref>
*[[Familial aortic dissection|Mutations in genes encoding α-actin and β-myosin]]<ref name="Choi-2012">{{Cite journal  | last1 = Choi | first1 = JC. | last2 = LeMaire | first2 = SA. | title = Thoracic aortic dissection: genes, molecules, and the knife. | journal = Tex Heart Inst J | volume = 39 | issue = 6 | pages = 838-9 | month =  | year = 2012 | doi =  | PMID = 23304027 }}</ref>
*[[Familial aortic dissection|Mutations in genes encoding α-actin and β-myosin]]<ref name="Choi-2012">{{Cite journal  | last1 = Choi | first1 = JC. | last2 = LeMaire | first2 = SA. | title = Thoracic aortic dissection: genes, molecules, and the knife. | journal = Tex Heart Inst J | volume = 39 | issue = 6 | pages = 838-9 | month =  | year = 2012 | doi =  | PMID = 23304027 }}</ref>
{{col-break|width=33%}}
*[[Loeys-Dietz syndrome|Mutations in SMAD3]]<ref name="Choi-2012">{{Cite journal  | last1 = Choi | first1 = JC. | last2 = LeMaire | first2 = SA. | title = Thoracic aortic dissection: genes, molecules, and the knife. | journal = Tex Heart Inst J | volume = 39 | issue = 6 | pages = 838-9 | month =  | year = 2012 | doi =  | PMID = 23304027 }}</ref>
*[[Loeys-Dietz syndrome|Mutations in SMAD3]]<ref name="Choi-2012">{{Cite journal  | last1 = Choi | first1 = JC. | last2 = LeMaire | first2 = SA. | title = Thoracic aortic dissection: genes, molecules, and the knife. | journal = Tex Heart Inst J | volume = 39 | issue = 6 | pages = 838-9 | month =  | year = 2012 | doi =  | PMID = 23304027 }}</ref>
*[[Ehlers-Danlos syndrome|Mutations in the gene encoding filamin A]]<ref name="Choi-2012">{{Cite journal  | last1 = Choi | first1 = JC. | last2 = LeMaire | first2 = SA. | title = Thoracic aortic dissection: genes, molecules, and the knife. | journal = Tex Heart Inst J | volume = 39 | issue = 6 | pages = 838-9 | month =  | year = 2012 | doi =  | PMID = 23304027 }}</ref>
*[[Ehlers-Danlos syndrome|Mutations in the gene encoding filamin A]]<ref name="Choi-2012">{{Cite journal  | last1 = Choi | first1 = JC. | last2 = LeMaire | first2 = SA. | title = Thoracic aortic dissection: genes, molecules, and the knife. | journal = Tex Heart Inst J | volume = 39 | issue = 6 | pages = 838-9 | month =  | year = 2012 | doi =  | PMID = 23304027 }}</ref>
*[[Noonan syndrome]]
*[[Noonan syndrome]]
*[[Osteogenesis imperfecta]]
*[[Osteogenesis imperfecta]]
==Overview==
*[[Polycystic kidney disease]]<ref name="Gignon-2011">{{Cite journal  | last1 = Gignon | first1 = M. | last2 = Defouilloy | first2 = C. | last3 = Montpellier | first3 = D. | last4 = Chatelain | first4 = D. | last5 = Traulle | first5 = S. | last6 = Ammirati | first6 = C. | last7 = Jarde | first7 = O. | last8 = Manaouil | first8 = C. | title = Sudden death caused by aortic dissection in a patient with polycystic kidney disease. | journal = Genet Couns | volume = 22 | issue = 4 | pages = 333-9 | month =  | year = 2011 | doi =  | PMID = 22303792 }}</ref>
*[[Polycystic kidney disease]]<ref name="Gignon-2011">{{Cite journal  | last1 = Gignon | first1 = M. | last2 = Defouilloy | first2 = C. | last3 = Montpellier | first3 = D. | last4 = Chatelain | first4 = D. | last5 = Traulle | first5 = S. | last6 = Ammirati | first6 = C. | last7 = Jarde | first7 = O. | last8 = Manaouil | first8 = C. | title = Sudden death caused by aortic dissection in a patient with polycystic kidney disease. | journal = Genet Couns | volume = 22 | issue = 4 | pages = 333-9 | month =  | year = 2011 | doi =  | PMID = 22303792 }}</ref>
*[[Pseudoxanthoma elasticum]]
*[[Pseudoxanthoma elasticum]]
*[[Rheumatoid arthritis]]
*[[Rheumatoid arthritis]]
*[[Scleroderma]]
*[[Scleroderma]]
{|style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1"
*[[Aortic coarctation surgery#Surgical Complications|Surgical correction of aortic coarctation]]
*[[Aortic coarctation surgery#Surgical Complications|Surgical correction of aortic coarctation]]
*[[Syphilitic aortitis]]
*[[Syphilitic aortitis]]
*[[Systemic lupus erythematosus]]
*[[Systemic lupus erythematosus]]
*[[Takayasu arteritis]]
*[[Takayasu arteritis]]
{{Template:Aortic dissection}}
*[[Turner syndrome]]
*[[Turner syndrome]]
*[[Vasculitis]]<ref name="pmid2062514">{{cite journal| author=| title=Classification of diabetic retinopathy from fluorescein angiograms. ETDRS report number 11. Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study Research Group. | journal=Ophthalmology | year= 1991 | volume= 98 | issue= 5 Suppl | pages= 807-22 | pmid=2062514 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=2062514  }} </ref>
*[[Vasculitis]]
{{col-end}}
{{col-end}}


Revision as of 16:31, 11 August 2013

Aortic dissection Microchapters

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Overview

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Causes

Differentiating Aortic dissection from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Diagnostic Study of Choice

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Physical Examination

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Treatment

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Primary Prevention

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Special Scenarios

Management during Pregnancy

Case Studies

Case #1


Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Vendhan Ramanujam M.B.B.S [2]

Overview

Atherosclerosis and hypertension are associated with spontaneous dissection, while blunt trauma injury and sudden deceleration in a motor vehicle accident is a major cause of traumatic aortic dissection.

Causes

Common Causes

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular Atherosclerosis, bicuspid aortic valve, hypertension, malignant hypertension, vasculitis
Chemical/Poisoning No underlying causes
Dental No underlying causes
Dermatologic No underlying causes
Drug Side Effect Methonium
Ear Nose Throat No underlying causes
Endocrine Cushing's syndrome
Environmental No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic No underlying causes
Genetic Aneurysms osteoarthritis syndrome, annuloaortic ectasia, bicuspid aortic valve, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, Erdheim's cystic medial necrosis, familial aortic dissection, fibromuscular dysplasia, Loeys-Dietz syndrome, Marfan syndrome, mutation of TGF-β receptor genes, mutations in genes encoding α-actin and β-myosin, mutations in SMAD3, mutations in the gene encoding filamin A, Noonan syndrome, osteogenesis imperfecta, pseudoxanthoma elasticum, Turner syndrome
Hematologic No underlying causes
Iatrogenic Aortic valve replacement surgery, cardiac catheterization, coronary artery bypass graft surgery, following implantation of stent graft, following use of intra-aortic balloon pump, mitral valve replacement surgery, surgical correction of aortic coarctation
Infectious Disease AIDS, annuloaortic ectasia, aortitis, syphilitic aortitis
Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, osteogenesis imperfecta
Neurologic No underlying causes
Nutritional/Metabolic Homocystinuria
Obstetric/Gynecologic No underlying causes
Oncologic No underlying causes
Ophthalmologic No underlying causes
Overdose/Toxicity Cocaine abuse
Psychiatric No underlying causes
Pulmonary No underlying causes
Renal/Electrolyte Polycystic kidney disease
Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy Aortitis, arteritis, Behçet's disease, giant cell arteritis, rheumatoid arthritis, scleroderma, systemic lupus erythematosus, Takayasu arteritis, vasculitis
Sexual No underlying causes
Trauma Chest trauma, deceleration injuries, motor vehicle accident
Urologic No underlying causes
Miscellaneous Connective tissue disorders, heavy exercise, idiopathic

Causes in Alphabetical Order

References

  1. ↑ "Classification of diabetic retinopathy from fluorescein angiograms. ETDRS report number 11. Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study Research Group". Ophthalmology. 98 (5 Suppl): 807–22. 1991. PMID 2062514.
  2. ↑ Shen, YZ.; Song, W.; Lu, HZ. (2012). "Type I aortic dissection in a patient with human immunodeficiency virus infection". Biosci Trends. 6 (3): 143–6. PMID 22890163. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  3. ↑ Mohr, FW.; Falk, V.; Diegeler, A.; Walther, T.; van Son, JA.; Autschbach, R. (1998). "Minimally invasive port-access mitral valve surgery". J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 115 (3): 567–74, discussion 574-6. PMID 9535444. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  4. ↑ Arbustini, E.; Narula, N. (2012). "Extra-aortic identifiers to guide genetic testing in familial thoracic aortic aneurysms and dissections syndromes: it is all about the company one keeps". J Am Coll Cardiol. 60 (5): 404–7. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2012.03.032. PMID 22633652. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  5. ↑ Angouras, DC.; Michler, RE. (2002). "An alternative surgical approach to facilitate minimally invasive mitral valve surgery". Ann Thorac Surg. 73 (2): 673–4. PMID 11845906. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  6. ↑ "GANGLION-BLOCKING drugs and dissection of the aorta". Br Med J. 1 (4981): 1473–4. 1956. PMID 13316190. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 Choi, JC.; LeMaire, SA. (2012). "Thoracic aortic dissection: genes, molecules, and the knife". Tex Heart Inst J. 39 (6): 838–9. PMID 23304027.
  8. ↑ Gignon, M.; Defouilloy, C.; Montpellier, D.; Chatelain, D.; Traulle, S.; Ammirati, C.; Jarde, O.; Manaouil, C. (2011). "Sudden death caused by aortic dissection in a patient with polycystic kidney disease". Genet Couns. 22 (4): 333–9. PMID 22303792.

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