Heart failure resident survival guide: Difference between revisions
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* [[Accelerated hypertension]] | * [[Accelerated hypertension]] | ||
* [[Acute kidney injury]] | * [[Acute kidney injury]] | ||
* [[Acute myocardial ischemia]] | * [[Acute myocardial ischemia]]<ref name="pmid23747642">{{cite journal| author=Yancy CW, Jessup M, Bozkurt B, Masoudi FA, Butler J, McBride PE et al.| title=2013 ACCF/AHA Guideline for the Management of Heart Failure: A Report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. | journal=J Am Coll Cardiol | year= 2013 | volume= | issue= | pages= | pmid=23747642 | doi=10.1016/j.jacc.2013.05.019| pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=23747642 }} </ref> | ||
* Acute or progressive valvular disease (e.g. acute [[mitral regurgitation]]) | * Acute or progressive valvular disease (e.g. acute [[mitral regurgitation]]) | ||
* [[Endocarditis|Acute or subacute valve disease endocarditis]] | * [[Endocarditis|Acute or subacute valve disease endocarditis]] | ||
Revision as of 16:02, 13 August 2013
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mahmoud Sakr, M.D. [2]
Definition
Heart failure is a complex syndrome whereby there is inadequate output of the heart to meet the metabolic demands of the body. Abnormal function of different anatomic parts of the heart cause heart failure including the pericardium, the myocardium, the endocardium, the heart valves and the great vessels. Symptoms of heart failure are due to a lack of both forward blood flow to the body, and backward flow into the lungs. Heart failure is a clinical syndrome characterized by symptoms of dyspnea, edema and fatigue and signs such as rales on physical examination.
Causes
Life Threatening Causes
Conditions that may cause death or permanent disability within the next 24 hours
- Accelerated hypertension
- Acute kidney injury
- Acute myocardial ischemia[1]
- Acute or progressive valvular disease (e.g. acute mitral regurgitation)
- Acute or subacute valve disease endocarditis
- Aortic dissection
- Cardiac arrhythmias, specially ventricular arrhythmias
- Cardiotoxic agents (e.g. alcohol, cocaine, and certain chemotherapy drugs)
- Diabetic emergencies (e.g. ketoacidosis)
- Myopericarditis
- Pulmonary embolus
- Severe anemia (e.g. acute hemolysis or blood loss)
- Systemic Inflammatory response syndrome
- Thyrotoxicosis
Common Causes
- Acute kidney injury
- Acute myocardial ischemia
- Acute or progressive valvular disease (e.g. acute mitral regurgitation)
- Cardiac arrhythmias
- Excessive alcohol or illicit drug use (e.g. cocaine)
- Hypertension
- Myocardial ischemia
- Pulmonary embolus
- Pulmonary embolus
- Systemic Inflammatory response syndrome
Management
Do's
Don'ts
References
- ↑ Yancy CW, Jessup M, Bozkurt B, Masoudi FA, Butler J, McBride PE; et al. (2013). "2013 ACCF/AHA Guideline for the Management of Heart Failure: A Report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines". J Am Coll Cardiol. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2013.05.019. PMID 23747642.