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==Overview==
The deterioration of renal function may be discovered by a measured decrease in urine output. Often, it is diagnosed on the basis of [[blood test]]s for substances normally eliminated by the kidney: [[urea]] and [[creatinine]]. Both tests have their disadvantages. For instance, it takes about 24 hours for the creatinine level to rise, even if both kidneys have ceased to function. A number of alternative markers has been proposed (such as [[NGAL]], [[KIM-1]], [[Interleukin 18|IL18]] and [[cystatin C]]), but none are currently established enough to replace creatinine as a marker of renal function. Sodium and potassium, two electrolytes that are commonly deranged in people with acute kidney injury, are typically measured together with urea and creatinine.
 


==References==
==References==

Revision as of 19:10, 11 September 2013

Contrast Induced Nephropathy Microchapters

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Overview

The deterioration of renal function may be discovered by a measured decrease in urine output. Often, it is diagnosed on the basis of blood tests for substances normally eliminated by the kidney: urea and creatinine. Both tests have their disadvantages. For instance, it takes about 24 hours for the creatinine level to rise, even if both kidneys have ceased to function. A number of alternative markers has been proposed (such as NGAL, KIM-1, IL18 and cystatin C), but none are currently established enough to replace creatinine as a marker of renal function. Sodium and potassium, two electrolytes that are commonly deranged in people with acute kidney injury, are typically measured together with urea and creatinine.


References

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