High density lipoprotein classification: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
==Classification== | ==Classification== | ||
===Based on Physicochemical Properties=== | ===Based on Physicochemical Properties=== | ||
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** Large HDL: 8.8 to 13 nm. It corresponds to the HDL 2a and 2b from the physico-chemical subgroups | ** Large HDL: 8.8 to 13 nm. It corresponds to the HDL 2a and 2b from the physico-chemical subgroups | ||
** Small HDL: 7.3 to 8.2 nm. This corresponds with the HDL 3b and 3c of the physico-chemical subgroups | ** Small HDL: 7.3 to 8.2 nm. This corresponds with the HDL 3b and 3c of the physico-chemical subgroups | ||
====HDL Subfractions==== | |||
* Very large HDL particles (VL-HDL) | |||
* Large HDL particles (L-HDL) | |||
* Medium HDL particles (M-HDL) | |||
* Small HDL particles (S-HDL) | |||
* Very-small HDL particles (VS-HDL) | |||
* Pre-β-1 HDL (role in macrophage cholesterol efflux)<ref name="pmid21266551">{{cite journal| author=Rosenson RS, Brewer HB, Chapman MJ, Fazio S, Hussain MM, Kontush A et al.| title=HDL measures, particle heterogeneity, proposed nomenclature, and relation to atherosclerotic cardiovascular events. | journal=Clin Chem | year= 2011 | volume= 57 | issue= 3 | pages= 392-410 | pmid=21266551 | doi=10.1373/clinchem.2010.155333 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=21266551 }} </ref> | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 19:32, 19 September 2013
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Classification
Based on Physicochemical Properties
- HDL2 density is from the Apo A-I HDL particles, whereas HDL3 density is from Apo A-I and Apo A-II.
- Many studies have postulated an association between cholesterol efflux from peripheral tissue, and Apo A-I HDL particles, whereas the HDL3 containing both Apo AI and A-II are less effective. [1] [2] [3]
- Moreover, the Apo A-II are known to disturb the metabolism of large VLDL and encourage visceral fat accumulation.
Based on NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Ray) Spectroscopy
- NMR spectroscopy gives a measure of total HDL particle concentration, which strongly associates with the carotid intima-media thickness.[4]
- It classifies HDL by their size
- Large HDL: 8.8 to 13 nm. It corresponds to the HDL 2a and 2b from the physico-chemical subgroups
- Small HDL: 7.3 to 8.2 nm. This corresponds with the HDL 3b and 3c of the physico-chemical subgroups
HDL Subfractions
- Very large HDL particles (VL-HDL)
- Large HDL particles (L-HDL)
- Medium HDL particles (M-HDL)
- Small HDL particles (S-HDL)
- Very-small HDL particles (VS-HDL)
- Pre-β-1 HDL (role in macrophage cholesterol efflux)[5]
References
- ↑ Yin K, Tang SL, Yu XH; et al. (2013). "Apolipoprotein A-I inhibits LPS-induced atherosclerosis in ApoE-/- mice possibly via activated STAT3-mediated upregulation of tristetraprolin". Acta Pharmacologica Sinica. doi:10.1038/aps.2013.10. PMID 23564081. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ Mazer NA, Giulianini F, Paynter NP, Jordan P, Mora S (2013). "A Comparison of the Theoretical Relationship between HDL Size and the Ratio of HDL Cholesterol to Apolipoprotein A-I with Experimental Results from the Women's Health Study". Clinical Chemistry. doi:10.1373/clinchem.2012.196949. PMID 23426429. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ Kappelle PJ, Gansevoort RT, Hillege HJ, Wolffenbuttel BH, Dullaart RP (2013). "Common variation in cholesteryl ester transfer protein: relationship of first major adverse cardiovascular events with the apolipoprotein B/apolipoprotein A-I ratio and the total cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio". Journal of Clinical Lipidology. 7 (1): 56–64. doi:10.1016/j.jacl.2012.05.003. PMID 23351584. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ Huang F, Yang Z, Xu B; et al. (2013). "Both serum apolipoprotein B and the apolipoprotein B/apolipoprotein A-I ratio are associated with carotid intima-media thickness". Plos One. 8 (1): e54628. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0054628. PMC 3554742. PMID 23359805.
- ↑ Rosenson RS, Brewer HB, Chapman MJ, Fazio S, Hussain MM, Kontush A; et al. (2011). "HDL measures, particle heterogeneity, proposed nomenclature, and relation to atherosclerotic cardiovascular events". Clin Chem. 57 (3): 392–410. doi:10.1373/clinchem.2010.155333. PMID 21266551.