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Rim Halaby (talk | contribs)
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|MainCategory=Microbiology
|MainCategory=Microbiology
|SubCategory=Genitourinary
|SubCategory=Genitourinary
|Prompt=A 60 year old female patient presents to her physician’s office for post-coital bleeding.  Following appropriate work-up, the pathology identified in this patient is similar to the image shown below.  Which of the following characteristics appropriately describes the etiology of the patient's condition?
|Prompt=A 60 year old female patient presents to her physician’s office for post-coital bleeding.  Following appropriate work-up, the pathology identified in this patient is similar to the image shown below.  physician explains to the patient that her condition is caused by a sexually transmitted virus.  The Which of the following characteristics appropriately describes the virus implicated in this patient's pathology?


[[Image:ThinPrep Pap smear HPV.jpeg|350px]]
[[Image:ThinPrep Pap smear HPV.jpeg|350px]]
|Explanation=The patient is presenting with [[genital warts]] or [[condyloma accuminatum]] caused by [[human papilloma virus]] ([[HPV]]).  The image shown above shows a normal cervical cell on the left, and a [[koilocyte]] defined as an HPV-infected cell, on the right side that is characterized by large nuclei with [[perinuclear halo]].
|Explanation=The patient is presenting with an abnormal pap-smear that shows koilocytes. Koilocytes are abnormal cells that have been infected by [[human papilloma virus]] ([[HPV]]).  The image shown above shows a normal cervical cell on the left, and a [[koilocyte]] defined as an HPV-infected cell, on the right side that is characterized by large nuclei with [[perinuclear halo]].


HPV infection is a [[sexually transmitted infection]] (STI).  Among the most important HPV types are HPV types 16, 18, 31, 33, and 45 which predispose to [[cervical cancer]]; and 6, 11, 42, 43, and 44 which cause [[genital warts]].  
HPV infection is a [[sexually transmitted infection]] (STI).  The virus is a double-stranded non-envolved DNA virus.  Among the most important HPV types are HPV types 16, 18, 31, 33, and 45 which predispose to [[cervical cancer]]; and 6, 11, 42, 43, and 44 which cause [[genital warts]].  


Educational Objective:
Educational Objective:
Koilocytes, defined as enlarged nuclei with perinuclear halo, are infected cells with HPV.  HPV is a sexually transmitted virus that has at least a 100 types described, some of which predispose to cervical cancer and some cause genital warts.
Koilocytes, defined as enlarged nuclei with perinuclear halo, are infected cells with HPV.  HPV is a sexually transmitted virus that has at least a 100 types described, some of which predispose to cervical cancer and some cause genital warts.
|AnswerA=Sexual activity
|AnswerA=Double-stranded, non-enveloped DNA virus
|AnswerAExp=Sexual activity predisposes to HPV infection.  “Multiple sexual partners” is the most important risk factor for HPV infection that causes genital warts and cervical cancer.
|AnswerAExp=Human papilloma virus (HPV) is a double-stranded, non-enveloped DNA virus
|AnswerB=Smoking
|AnswerB=Double-stranded, enveloped DNA virus
|AnswerBExp=Smoking is an important risk factor for many cancers and chronic diseases.  It is in fact also a risk factor for cervical cancer.
|AnswerBExp=HPV is a non-enveloped virus
|AnswerC=Polycycstic overian syndrome (PCOS)
|AnswerC=Single-stranded, non-enveloped DNA virus
|AnswerCExp=Polycycstic overian syndrome (PCOS) is a risk factor for endometrial cancer.
|AnswerCExp=HPV is a double-stranded virus.
|AnswerD=Exposure to aniline dye
|AnswerD=Single-stranded, enveloped RNA virus.
|AnswerDExp=Exposure to aniline dye is a risk factor for transitional cell carcinoma.
|AnswerDExp=HPV is a double-stranded, non-enveloped DNA virus.
|AnswerE=Family history
|AnswerE=Double-stranded, non-enveloped RNA virus
|AnswerEExp=Family history is an important risk factor for many cancers and chronic diseases.  It is in fact the most important risk factor for ovarian cancer.
|AnswerEExp=HPV is a DNA virus
|RightAnswer=A
|RightAnswer=A
|WBRKeyword=condyloma, accuminata, condyloma accuminata, HPV, human, papilloma, virus, human papilloma virus, genital, warts, genital warts, cervical, cancer, risk, factor, sexual, partner, multiple
|WBRKeyword=double, stranded, double stranded, DNA, non enveloped, non-enveloped, non, enveloped, HPV, human, papilloma, virus, human papilloma virus, genital, warts, genital warts, cervical, cancer, risk, factor, sexual, partner, multiple
|Approved=No
|Approved=No
}}
}}

Revision as of 23:29, 23 September 2013
Author [[PageAuthor::Rim Halaby, M.D. [1]]]
Exam Type ExamType::USMLE Step 1
Main Category MainCategory::Microbiology
Sub Category SubCategory::Genitourinary
Prompt [[Prompt::A 60 year old female patient presents to her physician’s office for post-coital bleeding. Following appropriate work-up, the pathology identified in this patient is similar to the image shown below. physician explains to the patient that her condition is caused by a sexually transmitted virus. The Which of the following characteristics appropriately describes the virus implicated in this patient's pathology?

]]

Answer A AnswerA::Double-stranded, non-enveloped DNA virus
Answer A Explanation AnswerAExp::Human papilloma virus (HPV) is a double-stranded, non-enveloped DNA virus
Answer B AnswerB::Double-stranded, enveloped DNA virus
Answer B Explanation AnswerBExp::HPV is a non-enveloped virus
Answer C AnswerC::Single-stranded, non-enveloped DNA virus
Answer C Explanation AnswerCExp::HPV is a double-stranded virus.
Answer D AnswerD::Single-stranded, enveloped RNA virus.
Answer D Explanation AnswerDExp::HPV is a double-stranded, non-enveloped DNA virus.
Answer E AnswerE::Double-stranded, non-enveloped RNA virus
Answer E Explanation AnswerEExp::HPV is a DNA virus
Right Answer RightAnswer::A
Explanation [[Explanation::The patient is presenting with an abnormal pap-smear that shows koilocytes. Koilocytes are abnormal cells that have been infected by human papilloma virus (HPV). The image shown above shows a normal cervical cell on the left, and a koilocyte defined as an HPV-infected cell, on the right side that is characterized by large nuclei with perinuclear halo.

HPV infection is a sexually transmitted infection (STI). The virus is a double-stranded non-envolved DNA virus. Among the most important HPV types are HPV types 16, 18, 31, 33, and 45 which predispose to cervical cancer; and 6, 11, 42, 43, and 44 which cause genital warts.

Educational Objective: Koilocytes, defined as enlarged nuclei with perinuclear halo, are infected cells with HPV. HPV is a sexually transmitted virus that has at least a 100 types described, some of which predispose to cervical cancer and some cause genital warts.
Educational Objective:
References: ]]

Approved Approved::No
Keyword WBRKeyword::double, WBRKeyword::stranded, WBRKeyword::double stranded, WBRKeyword::DNA, WBRKeyword::non enveloped, WBRKeyword::non-enveloped, WBRKeyword::non, WBRKeyword::enveloped, WBRKeyword::HPV, WBRKeyword::human, WBRKeyword::papilloma, WBRKeyword::virus, WBRKeyword::human papilloma virus, WBRKeyword::genital, WBRKeyword::warts, WBRKeyword::genital warts, WBRKeyword::cervical, WBRKeyword::cancer, WBRKeyword::risk, WBRKeyword::factor, WBRKeyword::sexual, WBRKeyword::partner, WBRKeyword::multiple
Linked Question Linked::
Order in Linked Questions LinkedOrder::
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