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* [[Xylazine]]
* [[Xylazine]]
{{EndMultiCol}}
{{EndMultiCol}}
==Bradycardia==
===Causes of Bradycardia By Organ System===
{|style="width:70%; height:100px" border="1"
|style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Cardiovascular'''
|style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" |
[[Atrioventricular Block]],
[[Cardiac arrhythmia]],
[[Cardiac Dysrhythmias]],
[[Cardiomegaly]],
[[Right Bundle Branch Block]],
[[Second Degree AV Block]],
[[ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction Complications]],
[[Sinoatrial Block]],
[[Pulseless ventricular tachycardia]],
[[Sick sinus syndrome]],
[[Cardiomyopathy]],
[[Distichiasis - heart and vasculature anomalies - sinus bradycardia]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Chemical / poisoning'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Carbamate]],
[[Opioid poisoning]],
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Dermatologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Drug Side Effect'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|
[[Aceclidine]],
[[Acepromazine]],
[[Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor]],
[[Adenosine]],
[[Amiodarone]],
[[Amodiaquine]],
[[Atenolol]],
[[Barbiturates]],
[[Beta-blockers]],
[[Bupivacaine]],
[[Calcium channel blocker]],
[[Clomipramine]],
[[Clonidine]],
[[Detomidine]],
[[Digitalis]],
[[Diltiazem]],
[[Diphenhydramine]],
[[Donepezil]],
[[Doxepin]],
[[Glyceryl trinitrate ]],
[[Hydrocodone]],
[[Ibuprofen]],
[[Isosorbide dinitrate]],
[[Ivabradine]],
[[Levobetaxolol]],
[[Levobupivacaine]],
[[Lidocaine]],
[[Lithium]],
[[Medetomidine]],
[[Mefloquine]],
[[Mepivacaine]],
[[Methacholine]],
[[Methoxamine]],
[[Methyldopa]],
[[Morphine]],
[[Moxonidine]],
[[Nadolol]],
[[Nalbuphine]],
[[Nalmefene]],
[[Opioid]],
[[Oxymorphone]],
[[Phenobarbital]],
[[Phenylephrine]],
[[Phenytoin]],
[[Pilocarpine]],
[[Propafenone]],
[[Propranolol]],
[[Quinidine]],
[[Reserpine]],
[[Ropivacaine]],
[[Sulpiride]],
[[Suxamethonium chloride]],
[[Tacrine]],
[[Timolol]],
[[Trazodone]],
[[Uncaria tomentosa]],
[[Xylazine]],
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Ear Nose Throat'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Endocrine'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Hypothyroidism]],
[[Hashimoto's Thyroiditis]],
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Environmental'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|
[[Grayanotoxin]],
[[Hellebore]],
[[Hypothermia]],
[[Heat exhaustion]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Gastroenterologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Obstructive jaundice]], [[Necrotizing enterocolitis ]], [[Typhoid fever ]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Genetic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|
[[Congenital Long QT Syndrome]],
[[Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia]], [[Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy]], [[Congenital Central Hypoventilation Syndrome]],
[[Distichiasis - heart and vasculature anomalies - sinus bradycardia]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Hematologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Iatrogenic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|
[[Enema]],
[[Gastric lavage]],
[[PCI Complications: Radiocontrast toxicity]],
[[Rapid sequence induction]], [[Cardiac catheterization]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Infectious Disease'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|
[[Chagas' disease]],
[[Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome]],
[[Legionella pneumonia and Mycoplasma pneumonia]],
[[Tularaemia]],
[[Colorado tick fever]],
[[Brucellosis]],
[[Trypanosoma cruzi]],
[[Typhoid fever]],
[[Septic shock]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Musculoskeletal / Ortho'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|
[[Holt-Oram syndrome]],
[[Vertebral subluxation]],
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Neurologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|
[[Vasovagal syncope]],
[[Vagal episode]],
[[Neurogenic shock]],
[[Subarachanoid hemorrhage]],
[[Raised Intracranial pressure]],
[[Autonomic neuropathy]],
[[Cerebral hemorrhage]],
[[Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis]],
[[Cushing triad]],
[[Cushing reaction]],
[[Cushing reflex]],
[[Neurocardiogenic Syncope]],
[[Increased intracranial pressure]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Nutritional / Metabolic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|
[[Hypercalcemia]],
[[Hyperkalemia]],
[[Hypokalemia]],
[[Anorexia Nervosa]],
[[Malnutrition]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Obstetric/Gynecologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|
[[Fetal distress]],
[[Neonatal lupus erythematosus]],
[[Vasa previa]],
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Oncologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Ophthalmologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Oculocardiac reflex]], [[Distichiasis - heart and vasculature anomalies - sinus bradycardia]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Overdose / Toxicity'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|
[[Gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid]],
[[Hydroxyethyl starch]]
[[Speedball (drug)]],
[[Theobromine poisoning]],
[[Sedatives ]]
[[Cyclic antidepressant poisoning ]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Psychiatric'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Anorexia Nervosa]],
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Pulmonary'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Apnea of prematurity]], [[Asphyxia neonatorum ]], [[Pneumothorax ]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Renal / Electrolyte'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Rheum / Immune / Allergy'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Sexual'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Trauma'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Skull fracture ]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Urologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Miscellaneous'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|
[[Drowning]],
[[Mammalian diving reflex]],
|-
|}





Revision as of 12:58, 26 September 2013

A B C
D E F
A B C
D E F

Causes of hypertriglyceridemia

Primary hypertriglyceridemia

Genetics [1]

Type I hyperlipoproteinemia
  • Genetic deficiency or dysfunction of enzyme lipoprotein lipase (LPL)
  • Deficiency of apo C-II, that acts as a cofactor of LPL
  • Insulin deficiency or dysfunction in diabetes type 1 and 2 can also cause this disorder as LPL requires insulin for its full function.
Familial combined hyperlipidemia
  • Autosomal dominant disorder
  • Patients have either isolated triglyceride or LDL-c elevations or both.
  • Family history of premature coronary artery disease in 1 or more first-degree relatives
  • Family history for elevated triglycerides with or without elevated LDL-c levels.
Familial hypertriglyceridemia
  • Autosomal dominant trait
  • These patients and their families have isolated triglyceride elevations
  • Increased risk of premature coronary artery disease.

Idiopathic (constitutional)

Secondary hypertriglyceridemia

Metabolic [1]

Drugs

Miscellaneous

Causes of Bradycardia in Alphabetical Order

Non-cardiac causes are usually secondary, and can involve recreational drug use; endocrine disorders (hypothyroid); electrolyte imbalance (hyperkalemia); autonomic reflexes; situational factors (prolonged bed rest); infections lyme disease; medications; and autoimmunity disorders. Cardiac causes include acute or chronic ischemic heart disease, vascular heart disease, valvular heart disease, or degenerative primary electrical disease (fibrosis and calcification of the sinus node and conduction system).




Causes of Hypotension in Alphabetical Order



Hypotension

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular Aortic aneurysm rupture, Aortic Arch Syndrome, Aortic Isthmus Stenosis, Aortic regurgitation, Aortic stenosis, Atrioventricular node conduction block, Baroceptor dysfunction in the elderly, Capillary leak syndrome, Cardiac tamponade, Cardiogenic shock, Carotid sinus hypersensitivity, Carotid sinus syndrome, Coarctation of aorta, Complete heart block, Constrictive pericarditis, Cor triatriatum, Dissecting aortic aneurysm, Distributive shock, Eisenmenger's syndrome, Embolism, Endocrine shock, Endotoxic shock, Heart arrhythmia, Heart block, Heart failure, Heart injury, Hemorrhagic shock, Hemorrhagic shock and encephalopathy syndrome , Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy, Hypovolemic shock, Idiopathic hypotension, Iliac artery aneurysm rupture, Internal bleeding, Ischaemic heart disease, Myocardial infarction, Myocardial ischemia, Obstructive shock, Orthostatic hypotension, Pericardial effusion, Pericarditis, Perimyocarditis, Peripheral vasodilation, Postural hypotension, Pulmonary embolism, Shock, Sick sinus syndrome, Supraventricular tachycardia , Syncope, Systemic capillary leak syndrome, Tetralogy of Fallot, Traumatic shock, Tricuspid stenosis, Vasovagal syncope, Ventricular fibrillation, WPW syndrome, B type natriuretic peptide, Aortocaval compression syndrome, Atrial myxoma, Post-tussive syncope
Chemical / poisoning Acetaldehyde, Adiponitrile , Amyl nitrate, Copper, Cyanides, Demeton-S-methyl, Diazinon , Dioxathion, Disulfoton , Ethion , Fensulfothion, Fenthion, Honey bee bite, Indian tobacco, Iodine containing radiocontrast media, Malathion, Methidathion, Methiocarb, Methomyl, Mushroom poisoning , Parathion, Phosdrin, Poison hemlock, Profenofos, Scorpion bite, Sodium nitrite, Terbufos, Tetraethyl pyrophosphate , Tetrodotoxin, Tobacco , Wasp bite
Dermatologic Mastocytosis
Drug Side Effect Acetophenazine, Alcuronium, Alfuzosin, Aliskiren, Alseroxylon, Ambenonium, Ambrisentan, Amifostine, Aminoglutethimide, Amitriptyline, Amlodipine, Amoxapine, Amphotericin B, Amrinone, Antipsychotic agents, Apomorphine, Azilsartan medoxomil, Baclofen, Beta blockers, Bethanechol, Bethanidine, Bortezomib, Bosentan, Bretylium, Bromocriptine, Bupivacaine, Cabergoline, Calcium channel blockers, Candesartan, Captopril, Chloroquine, Chlorpheniramine, Chlorpromazine, Chlorthalidone, Cilazapril, Cinnarizine, Clevidipine, Clomipramine, Clonidine, Colchicine, Cyclobenzaprine, Deserpidine, Desferrioxamine, Desipramine, Dexmedetomidine, Diazoxide, Dichlorvos , Dicobalt edetate, Dicrotophos , Diphenhydramine, Dipyridamole, Disopyramide, Distigmine, Diuretics, Donepezil , Dothiepin, Doxazosin, Doxepin, Enalapril, Epidural anaesthesia, Eplerenone, Epoprostenol, Etoposide, Felodipine , Fenoldopam, Fentanyl, Fosinopril, General anaesthesia, Glyceryl trinitrate, Granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor, Gray baby syndrome, Guanadrel, Guanethidine, Guanfacine, Haloperidol, Hexamethonium, Hydralazine, Hydroxyzine, Imipramine, Indapamide, Indoramin, Interleukin 2, Irbesartan, Isosorbide dinitrate, Isosorbide mononitrate, Isoxsuprine, Isradipine, Ketanserin, Labetalol, L-DOPA, Levomepromazine, Levosimendan, Lidocaine , Lisinopril, Lithium, Lofexidine, Losartan, Mecamylamine, Methyldopa, Metirosine, Metolazone, Minoxidil, Morphine, Moxonidine, Nefazodone, Neostigmine, Niacin, Nicorandil, Nifedipine, Nimodipine, Nitroprusside, Nortriptyline, Olanzapine, , Olmesartan, Omapatrilat, Opioid poisoning, Paliperidone, Pentamidine, Perazine, Pergolide, Phenothiazines, Phenoxybenzamine, Phentolamine, Pimobendan, Pinacidil, Pipothiazine, Piribedil, Pramipexole, Prazosin, Protamine sulfate, Protriptyline, Quetiapine, Ramipril, Rasagiline, Reboxetine, Reserpine, Rilmenidine, Risperidone, Rituximab, Ropinirole, Rotigotine, Sassafras oil, Serotonin syndrome, Sildenafil, Silodosin, Sodium nitroprusside, Spironolactone, Streptokinase, Sulphonamides, Tacrine, Tadalafil, Tamsulosin, Terazosin, Tetrabenazine, Tizanidine, Tolazoline, Tramadol, Treprostinil, Trifluperidol, Trimethaphan, Trimipramine, Tubocurarine, Urapidil, Valerian, Valsartan, Vardenafil, Verapamil, Ziconotide, Zotepine, Diltiazem
Ear Nose Throat No underlying causes
Endocrine ACTH deficiency, Acute adrenal insufficiency, Addisonian crisis, Addison's Disease, Adrenal hemorrhage, Adrenogenital syndrome, Adrenoleukodystrophy , B type natriuretic peptide, Congenital adrenal hyperplasia, Diabetes insipidus, Diabetic autonomic neuropathy, Diabetic ketoacidosis, Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic coma, Hypoaldosteronism, Hyporeninemic hypoaldosteronism, Hypothyroidism, Myxedema, Myxedema coma, Panhypopituitarism, Pituitary insufficiency, Endocrine shock, Achalasia-addisonianism-alacrima syndrome, Allgrove syndrome, Triple-A syndrome, APECED Syndrome , Pseudohypoaldosteronism, Renon-Delille syndrome, Carcinoid syndrome
Environmental No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic Achalasia-addisonianism-alacrima syndrome, Acute liver failure , Acute pancreatitis, Allgrove syndrome, Bowel strangulation, Deglutition syncope, Diarrhea, Duodenal ulcer bleeding, Gastric ulcer bleeding, Gastric volvulus, Hepatitis, Intususception, Necrotizing enterocolitis, Paralytic Ileus, Peritonitis , Postprandial hypotension, Retroperitoneal haemorrhage, Small bowel obstruction, Splenic rupture, Triple-A syndrome, Tropical sprue , Variceal Bleeding, Vomiting, Hepatic vein thrombosis, Superior mesenteric artery occlusion
Genetic Acute intermittent porphyria, APECED Syndrome , Corticosteroid-binding globulin deficiency , Familial juvenile hyperuricemic nephropathy type 2, Hereditary peripheral nervous disorder , Hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type 3, Pseudohypoaldosteronism, Renon-Delille syndrome, Riley-Day syndrome, Wohlwill-Andrade syndrome, Bartter syndrome, Achalasia-addisonianism-alacrima syndrome, Allgrove syndrome, Triple-A syndrome, Andrade's syndrome
Hematologic Anemia, Acute intermittent porphyria
Iatrogenic After a major surgery, Blood transfusion , Dialyzer hypersensitivity syndrome, Excessive fluid loss through dialysis, Gastric acid stimulation test using histamines, Mechanical ventilation, Post-operative, Renal dialysis, Transfusion Reaction
Infectious Disease Botulism, Cholera, Dengue hemorrhagic fever, Hantavirus, Lassa fever, Rocky mountain spotted fever , Septic shock, Septicemia , Toxic shock syndrome, Vibrio vulnificus, Waterhouse-Friederichsen syndrome, Weil syndrome
Musculoskeletal / Ortho Vertebral fracture, Cervical spine injury, Fracture of bone
Neurologic Autonomic failure, Autonomic neuropathy, Binswanger's disease , Bradbury-Eggleston syndrome, DOPA decarboxylase deficiency, Dopamine beta-hydroxylase deficiency, Dysautonomia, Glosssopharyngeal neuralgia, Guillain-Barre Syndrome, Multiple system atrophy, Neurogenic shock, Parkinson's disease, Polyradiculitis, Seizures, Shy-Drager syndrome, Syringomyelia, Tabes dorsalis, Hemorrhagic shock and encephalopathy syndrome , Vasovagal syncope, Diabetic autonomic neuropathy, Hereditary peripheral nervous disorder , Hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type 3, Riley-Day syndrome, Wohlwill-Andrade syndrome, Andrade's syndrome
Nutritional / Metabolic Kwashiorkor
Obstetric/Gynecologic Aortocaval compression syndrome, Ectopic pregnancy rupture, Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome, Postpartum haemorrhage, Pregnancy, Puerpural shock, Septic abortion , Uterine rupture
Oncologic Atrial myxoma, Carcinoid syndrome , Pheochromocytoma, Serotonin-secreting tumor
Opthalmologic No underlying causes
Overdose / Toxicity Acetophenazine, Alcuronium, Alfuzosin, Aliskiren, Alseroxylon, Ambenonium, Ambrisentan, Amifostine, Aminoglutethimide, Amitriptyline, Amlodipine, Amoxapine, Amphotericin B, Amrinone, Antipsychotic agents, Apomorphine, Azilsartan medoxomil, Baclofen, Beta blockers, Bethanechol, Bethanidine, Bortezomib, Bosentan, Bretylium, Bromocriptine, Bupivacaine, Cabergoline, Calcium channel blockers, Candesartan, Captopril, Chloroquine, Chlorpheniramine, Chlorpromazine, Chlorthalidone, Cilazapril, Cinnarizine, Clevidipine, Clomipramine, Clonidine, Colchicine, Cyclobenzaprine, Deserpidine, Desferrioxamine, Desipramine, Dexmedetomidine, Diazoxide, Dichlorvos , Dicobalt edetate, Dicrotophos , Diphenhydramine, Dipyridamole, Disopyramide, Distigmine, Diuretics, Donepezil , Dothiepin, Doxazosin, Doxepin, Enalapril, Epidural anaesthesia, Eplerenone, Epoprostenol, Etoposide, Felodipine , Fenoldopam, Fentanyl, Fosinopril, General anaesthesia, Glyceryl trinitrate, Granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor, Gray baby syndrome, Guanadrel, Guanethidine, Guanfacine, Haloperidol, Hexamethonium, Hydralazine, Hydroxyzine, Imipramine, Indapamide, Indoramin, Interleukin 2, Irbesartan, Isosorbide dinitrate, Isosorbide mononitrate, Isoxsuprine, Isradipine, Ketanserin, Labetalol, L-DOPA, Levomepromazine, Levosimendan, Lidocaine , Lisinopril, Lithium, Lofexidine, Losartan, Mecamylamine, Methyldopa, Metirosine, Metolazone, Minoxidil, Morphine, Moxonidine, Nefazodone, Neostigmine, Niacin, Nicorandil, Nifedipine, Nimodipine, Nitroprusside, Nortriptyline, Olanzapine, , Olmesartan, Omapatrilat, Opioid poisoning, Paliperidone, Pentamidine, Perazine, Pergolide, Phenothiazines, Phenoxybenzamine, Phentolamine, Pimobendan, Pinacidil, Pipothiazine, Piribedil, Pramipexole, Prazosin, Protamine sulfate, Protriptyline, Quetiapine, Ramipril, Rasagiline, Reboxetine, Reserpine, Rilmenidine, Risperidone, Rituximab, Ropinirole, Rotigotine, Sassafras oil, Serotonin syndrome, Sildenafil, Silodosin, Sodium nitroprusside, Spironolactone, Streptokinase, Sulphonamides, Tacrine, Tadalafil, Tamsulosin, Terazosin, Tetrabenazine, Tizanidine, Tolazoline, Tramadol, Treprostinil, Trifluperidol, Trimethaphan, Trimipramine, Tubocurarine, Urapidil, Valerian, Valsartan, Vardenafil, Verapamil, Ziconotide, Zotepine, Magnesium overdose, Diltiazem
Psychiatric Anorexia nervosa, Depression
Pulmonary Post-tussive syncope, Pulmonary edema, Tension pneumothorax, Pulmonary embolism
Renal / Electrolyte Bartter syndrome, Hypermagnesaemia, Hypokalemia, Hyponatremia, Familial juvenile hyperuricemic nephropathy type 2
Rheum / Immune / Allergy Amyloidosis, Anaphylactoid reaction, Andrade's syndrome, Food additive allergy , Urticaria, X-ray studies using contrast media, Anaphylactic shock, Honey bee bite, Scorpion bite, Wasp bite, Mastocytosis , Blood transfusion , Dialyzer hypersensitivity syndrome, Transfusion Reaction, Guillain-Barre Syndrome, Wohlwill-Andrade syndrome
Sexual Renon-Delille syndrome
Trauma Blood vessel trauma, Burns, Cervical spine injury, Chemical burn, Fracture of bone, Severe burns, Shaken baby syndrome, Heart injury, Traumatic shock, Tension pneumothorax
Urologic No underlying causes
Dental No underlying causes
Miscellaneous Alcohol, Alcohol withdrawal syndrome, Decompression sickness, Dehydration, Excessive dieting , Fatigue, Heat exhaustion , Insufficient fluid intake, Low salt diet, Prolonged bed-rest, Snake bite, Valsalva maneuver, Volume depletion , Zero gravity , Micturition syncope, Syncope, Deglutition syncope, Hypothermia
  1. 1.0 1.1 Kolovou GD, Anagnostopoulou KK, Kostakou PM, Bilianou H, Mikhailidis DP (2009). "Primary and secondary hypertriglyceridaemia". Curr Drug Targets. 10 (4): 336–43. PMID 19355858.
  2. Pagon RA, Bird TD, Dolan CR; et al. PMID 20301600. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  3. Goldstein S, Qazi QH, Fitzgerald J, Goldstein J, Friedman AP, Sawyer P (1985). "Distichiasis, congenital heart defects and mixed peripheral vascular anomalies". Am. J. Med. Genet. 20 (2): 283–94. doi:10.1002/ajmg.1320200212. PMID 3976722. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)