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| ==Description== | | ==Description== |
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| Efavirenz is a [[non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor]] (NNRTI) and is used as part of highly active [[antiretroviral]] drug (HAART) for the treatment of a human immunodeficiency virus ([[HIV]]) type 1.
| | SUSTIVA® (efavirenz) is an HIV-1 specific, non-nucleoside, reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI). Efavirenz is chemically described as (S)-6-chloro-4-(cyclopropylethynyl)-1,4-dihydro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-2H-3,1-benzoxazin-2-one. Its empirical formula is C14H9ClF3NO2 and its structural formula is: |
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| For HIV infection that has not previously been treated, the [[United States Department of Health and Human Services]] Panel on
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| Antiretroviral Guidelines currently recommends the use of efavirenz in combination with [[tenofovir]]/[[emtricitabine]] ([[Truvada]]) as one of the preferred NNRTI-based regimens in adults and adolescents.<ref>{{cite web|title=Guidelines for the Use of Antiretroviral Agents in HIV-1-Infected Adults and Adolescents|url=http://aidsinfo.nih.gov/guidelines/html/1/adult-and-adolescent-arv-guidelines/0/|accessdate= }}</ref>
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| Efavirenz is also used in combination with other [[antiretroviral]] agents as part of an expanded [[postexposure prophylaxis]] regimen to reduce the risk of HIV infection in people exposed to a significant risk (e.g. needlestick injuries, certain types of unprotected sex etc.).
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| The usual adult dose is 600 mg once a day. It is usually taken on an empty stomach at bedtime to reduce [[neurological]] and [[psychiatric]] adverse effects.
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| Efavirenz was combined with the popular [[HIV]] [[medication]] [[Truvada]], which consists of [[tenofovir]] and [[emtricitabine]], all of which are [[reverse transcriptase inhibitor]]s. This combination of three medications approved by the [[Food and Drug Administration (United States)|U.S. Food and Drug Administration]] (FDA) in July 2006 under the brand name [[Atripla]], provides HAART in a single tablet taken once a day. It results in a simplified drug regimen for many patients.
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| ==References== | | ==References== |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ahmed Zaghw, M.D. [2]
Description
SUSTIVA® (efavirenz) is an HIV-1 specific, non-nucleoside, reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI). Efavirenz is chemically described as (S)-6-chloro-4-(cyclopropylethynyl)-1,4-dihydro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-2H-3,1-benzoxazin-2-one. Its empirical formula is C14H9ClF3NO2 and its structural formula is:
References
Adapted from the FDA Package Insert.