Cefamandole: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Cefamandole is a second-generation [[broad-spectrum antibiotic|broad-spectrum]] [[cephalosporin]][[antibiotic]]. The clinically used form of cefamandole is the [[formate]] [[ester]] '''cefamandole nafate''', a [[prodrug]] which is administered [[wikt:parenteral|parenterally]]. | Cefamandole is a second-generation [[broad-spectrum antibiotic|broad-spectrum]] [[cephalosporin]] [[antibiotic]]. The clinically used form of cefamandole is the [[formate]] [[ester]] '''cefamandole nafate''', a [[prodrug]] which is administered [[wikt:parenteral|parenterally]]. | ||
Cefamandole is [[List of withdrawn drugs|no longer available]] in the United States. | Cefamandole is [[List of withdrawn drugs|no longer available]] in the United States. | ||
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==US Brand Names== | ==US Brand Names== | ||
''' | ==Spectrum of Bacterial Susceptibility== | ||
''' | |||
''' | Cefamandole has a broad spectrum of activity and can be used to treat bacterial infections of the skin, bones and joints, urinary tract, and lower respiratory tract. The following represents cefamandole MIC susceptibility data for a few medically significant microorganisms. | ||
* ''Escherichia coli'': 0.12 μg/mL - 400 μg/mL | |||
* ''Haemophilus influenzae'': 0.06 μg/mL - >16 μg/mL | |||
* ''Staphylococcus aureus'': 0.1 μg/mL - 12.5 μg/mL | |||
==Adverse Reactions== | |||
The chemical structure of cefamandole, like that of several other cephalosporins, contains an ''N''-methylthiotetrazole (NMTT or 1-MTT) [[side chain]]. As the antibiotic is broken down in the body, it releases free NMTT, which can cause [[hypoprothrombinemia]] (likely due to [[enzyme inhibitor|inhibition]] of the [[enzyme]] [[vitamin K epoxide reductase]])(vitamin K supplement is recommended during therapy) and a reaction with ethanol similar to that produced by [[disulfiram]] (Antabuse), due to inhibition of [[aldehyde dehydrogenase]]. | |||
==Report== | |||
CO2 is generated during the normal constitution of cefamandole & ceftazidim resulting in explosive like reaction in syringe.<ref name=Goldfrank>{{cite book |author=Stork CM|editor=Nelson LH, Flomenbaum N, Goldfrank LR, Hoffman RL, Howland MD, Lewin NA (eds.) |title=Goldfrank's toxicologic emergencies|chapter=Antibiotics, antifungals, and antivirals|chapterurl=http://books.google.com/books?id=cvJuLqBxGUcC&pg=PA847 |publisher=McGraw-Hill |location=New York |year=2006 |pages=847|isbn=0-07-143763-0 |accessdate=2009-07-03}}</ref> | |||
==Mechanism of Action== | ==Mechanism of Action== | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 23:41, 5 January 2014
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Synonyms and keywords: Cephamandole
Overview
Cefamandole is a second-generation broad-spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic. The clinically used form of cefamandole is the formate ester cefamandole nafate, a prodrug which is administered parenterally.
Cefamandole is no longer available in the United States.
Category
Cephalosporin, Second-Generation
US Brand Names
Spectrum of Bacterial Susceptibility
Cefamandole has a broad spectrum of activity and can be used to treat bacterial infections of the skin, bones and joints, urinary tract, and lower respiratory tract. The following represents cefamandole MIC susceptibility data for a few medically significant microorganisms.
- Escherichia coli: 0.12 μg/mL - 400 μg/mL
- Haemophilus influenzae: 0.06 μg/mL - >16 μg/mL
- Staphylococcus aureus: 0.1 μg/mL - 12.5 μg/mL
Adverse Reactions
The chemical structure of cefamandole, like that of several other cephalosporins, contains an N-methylthiotetrazole (NMTT or 1-MTT) side chain. As the antibiotic is broken down in the body, it releases free NMTT, which can cause hypoprothrombinemia (likely due to inhibition of the enzyme vitamin K epoxide reductase)(vitamin K supplement is recommended during therapy) and a reaction with ethanol similar to that produced by disulfiram (Antabuse), due to inhibition of aldehyde dehydrogenase.
Report
CO2 is generated during the normal constitution of cefamandole & ceftazidim resulting in explosive like reaction in syringe.[1]
Mechanism of Action
References
- ↑ Stork CM (2006). "Antibiotics, antifungals, and antivirals". In Nelson LH, Flomenbaum N, Goldfrank LR, Hoffman RL, Howland MD, Lewin NA (eds.). Goldfrank's toxicologic emergencies. New York: McGraw-Hill. p. 847. ISBN 0-07-143763-0. Retrieved 2009-07-03.