Ivermectin microbiology: Difference between revisions
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==Microbiology== | |||
Ivermectin is a member of the avermectin class of broad-spectrum antiparasitic agents which have a unique mode of action. Compounds of the class bind selectively and with high affinity to glutamate-gated chloride ion channels which occur in invertebrate nerve and muscle cells. This leads to an increase in the permeability of the cell membrane to chloride ions with hyperpolarization of the nerve or muscle cell, resulting in paralysis and death of the parasite. Compounds of this class may also interact with other ligand-gated chloride channels, such as those gated by the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). | |||
<ref name="dailymed.nlm.nih.gov">{{Cite web | last = | first = | title = STROMECTOL (IVERMECTIN) TABLET [MERCK SHARP & DOHME CORP.] | url =http://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/lookup.cfm?setid=681888c9-af79-4b7d-ae80-c3f4f6f1effd | publisher = | date = | accessdate = }}</ref> | The selective activity of compounds of this class is attributable to the facts that some mammals do not have glutamate-gated chloride channels and that the avermectins have a low affinity for mammalian ligand-gated chloride channels. In addition, ivermectin does not readily cross the blood-brain barrier in humans. | ||
Ivermectin is active against various life-cycle stages of many but not all nematodes. It is active against the tissue microfilariae of Onchocerca volvulus but not against the adult form. Its activity against Strongyloides stercoralis is limited to the intestinal stages.<ref name="dailymed.nlm.nih.gov">{{Cite web | last = | first = | title = STROMECTOL (IVERMECTIN) TABLET [MERCK SHARP & DOHME CORP.] | url =http://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/lookup.cfm?setid=681888c9-af79-4b7d-ae80-c3f4f6f1effd | publisher = | date = | accessdate = }}</ref> | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Latest revision as of 03:16, 7 January 2014
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Microbiology
Ivermectin is a member of the avermectin class of broad-spectrum antiparasitic agents which have a unique mode of action. Compounds of the class bind selectively and with high affinity to glutamate-gated chloride ion channels which occur in invertebrate nerve and muscle cells. This leads to an increase in the permeability of the cell membrane to chloride ions with hyperpolarization of the nerve or muscle cell, resulting in paralysis and death of the parasite. Compounds of this class may also interact with other ligand-gated chloride channels, such as those gated by the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA).
The selective activity of compounds of this class is attributable to the facts that some mammals do not have glutamate-gated chloride channels and that the avermectins have a low affinity for mammalian ligand-gated chloride channels. In addition, ivermectin does not readily cross the blood-brain barrier in humans.
Ivermectin is active against various life-cycle stages of many but not all nematodes. It is active against the tissue microfilariae of Onchocerca volvulus but not against the adult form. Its activity against Strongyloides stercoralis is limited to the intestinal stages.[1]
References
Adapted from the FDA Package Insert.