Rifaximin: Difference between revisions

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{{drugbox
__NOTOC__
| IUPAC_name = (2''S'',16''Z'',18''E'',20''S'',21''S'',22''R'',23''R'',24''R'',25''S'',26''S'',27''S'',28''E'')-<br>5,6,21,23,25-pentahydroxy-27-methoxy-2,4,11,16,20,22,24,26-<br>octamethyl-2,7-(epoxypentadeca-[1,11,13]trienimino)benzofuro<br>[4,5-e]pyrido[1,2-a]-benzimida-zole-1,15(2''H'')-dione,25-acetate
{{Rifaximin}}
| image = Rifaximin.svg
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{chetan}}
| width = 300
| image2 = Rifaximin_Xifaxan.gif<!-- FAIR USE of Rifaximin_Xifaxan.gif: see image description page at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Rifaximin_Xifaxan.gif for rationale -->
| width2 = 139
| CAS_number = 80621-81-4
| ATC_prefix = A07
| ATC_suffix = AA11
| ATC_supplemental = {{ATC|D06|AX11}}
| PubChem = 6436173
| DrugBank = APRD01218
| C = 43 | H = 51 | N = 3 | O = 11
| molecular_weight = 785.879 g/mol
| bioavailability = < 0.4%
| protein_bound =
| metabolism = [[Liver|Hepatic]]
| elimination_half-life = 6 hours
| excretion = Fecal (97%)
| pregnancy_US = C
| legal_status = Rx-only
| routes_of_administration = Oral
}}
{{SI}}
 


==Overview==
'''Rifaximin''' is a semisynthetic, [[rifamycin]]-based non-systemic [[antibiotic]], meaning that the drug will not pass the gastrointestinal wall into the circulation as is common for other types of orally administered antibiotics. It is licensed for use to treat diarrhea caused by ''[[Escherichia coli|E. coli]]''.  It is not effective against ''[[Campylobacter jejuni]]'', and there is no evidence of efficacy against ''[[Shigella]]'' or ''[[Salmonella]]'' species.
'''Rifaximin''' is a semisynthetic, [[rifamycin]]-based non-systemic [[antibiotic]], meaning that the drug will not pass the gastrointestinal wall into the circulation as is common for other types of orally administered antibiotics. It is licensed for use to treat diarrhea caused by ''[[Escherichia coli|E. coli]]''.  It is not effective against ''[[Campylobacter jejuni]]'', and there is no evidence of efficacy against ''[[Shigella]]'' or ''[[Salmonella]]'' species.


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It's also sold in Europe under the name Spiraxin and Zaxine, both of which seem to be cheaper solutions. There isn't a generic version of the drug.
It's also sold in Europe under the name Spiraxin and Zaxine, both of which seem to be cheaper solutions. There isn't a generic version of the drug.


==References==
==Category==
<references/>
Rifamycin
* Methods for dilution antimicrobial susceptibility tests for bacteria that grow aerobically. National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards, Sixth Edition, Wayne PA. — [[January 2003]]
==US Brand Names==
* [http://www.micromedex.com/products/updates/drugdex_updates/de/rifaximin.html Micromedex information on rifaximin]
XIFAXAN<sup>®</sup>
* [http://www.fda.gov/cder/foi/label/2004/21361_xifaxan_lbl.pdf FDA label approved for Xifaxan (PDF warning)]
==FDA Package Insert==
 
== External links ==
* [http://salix.com/products/products_xifaxan.asp Xifaxan®] (manufacturer's website)


[[Category:Orphan drugs]]
'''  [[Rifaximin description|Description]]'''
[[Category:Rifamycin antibiotics]]
'''| [[Rifaximin clinical pharmacology|Clinical Pharmacology]]'''
'''| [[Rifaximin microbiology|Microbiology]]'''
'''| [[Rifaximin indications and usage|Indications and Usage]]'''
'''| [[Rifaximin contraindications|Contraindications]]'''
'''| [[Rifaximin warnings and precautions|Warnings and Precautions]]'''
'''| [[Rifaximin adverse reactions|Adverse Reactions]]'''
'''| [[Rifaximin drug interactions|Drug Interactions]]'''
'''| [[Rifaximin overdosage|Overdosage]]'''
'''| [[Rifaximin clinical studies|Clinical Studies]]'''
'''| [[Rifaximin dosage and administration|Dosage and Administration]]'''
'''| [[Rifaximin how supplied|How Supplied]]'''
'''| [[Rifaximin labels and packages|Labels and Packages]]'''


{{Antidiarrheals, intestinal anti-inflammatory/anti-infective agents}}
==Mechanism of Action==
{{Antibiotics and chemotherapeutics for dermatological use}}
ifaximin interferes with [[transcription (genetics)|transcription]] by binding to the β-subunit of bacterial [[RNA polymerase]]. This results in the blockage of the translocation step that normally follows the formation of the first phosphodiester bond, which occurs in the transcription process.<ref>http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB01220</ref>


[[hu:Rifaximin]]
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}


{{WH}}
[[Category:Antibiotics]]
{{WS}}
[[Category:Wikinfect]]

Revision as of 20:52, 9 January 2014

Rifaximin
XIFAXAN® FDA Package Insert
Description
Clinical Pharmacology
Microbiology
Indications and Usage
Contraindications
Warnings and Precautions
Adverse Reactions
Drug Interactions
Overdosage
Dosage and Administration
How Supplied
Labels and Packages

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Chetan Lokhande, M.B.B.S [2]

Overview

Rifaximin is a semisynthetic, rifamycin-based non-systemic antibiotic, meaning that the drug will not pass the gastrointestinal wall into the circulation as is common for other types of orally administered antibiotics. It is licensed for use to treat diarrhea caused by E. coli. It is not effective against Campylobacter jejuni, and there is no evidence of efficacy against Shigella or Salmonella species.

It may be efficacious in relieving chronic functional symptoms of bloating and flatulence that are common in irritable bowel syndrome.[1]

In 2005, it received orphan drug status for the treatment of hepatic encephalopathy.[2]

It is currently sold in the U.S. under the brand name Xifaxan by Salix Pharmaceuticals.

It's also sold in Europe under the name Spiraxin and Zaxine, both of which seem to be cheaper solutions. There isn't a generic version of the drug.

Category

Rifamycin

US Brand Names

XIFAXAN®

FDA Package Insert

Description | Clinical Pharmacology | Microbiology | Indications and Usage | Contraindications | Warnings and Precautions | Adverse Reactions | Drug Interactions | Overdosage | Clinical Studies | Dosage and Administration | How Supplied | Labels and Packages

Mechanism of Action

ifaximin interferes with transcription by binding to the β-subunit of bacterial RNA polymerase. This results in the blockage of the translocation step that normally follows the formation of the first phosphodiester bond, which occurs in the transcription process.[3]

References

  1. ↑ Sharara A, Aoun E, Abdul-Baki H, Mounzer R, Sidani S, ElHajj I. (2006). "A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial of rifaximin in patients with abdominal bloating and flatulence". Am J Gastroenterol. 101 (2): 326.
  2. ↑ Wolf, David C. (2007-01-09). "Hepatic Encephalopathy". eMedicine. WebMD. Retrieved 2007-02-15. Check date values in: |date= (help)
  3. ↑ http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB01220
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