Hemoptysis resident survival guide: Difference between revisions
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
Teresa Stahl (talk | contribs) |
Teresa Stahl (talk | contribs) |
||
Line 43: | Line 43: | ||
{{familytree | | | | | | | | A01 | | | | | |A01= '''Characterise the symptoms''' <br> ❑ Coughing up blood <br> ❑ Chest pain <br> ❑ Tachypnea <br> ❑ Dyspnea }} | {{familytree | | | | | | | | A01 | | | | | |A01= '''Characterise the symptoms''' <br> ❑ Coughing up blood <br> ❑ Chest pain <br> ❑ Tachypnea <br> ❑ Dyspnea }} | ||
{{familytree | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | }} | {{familytree | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | }} | ||
{{familytree | | | | | | | | B01 | | | | | |B01= '''Examine the patient''' | {{familytree | | | | | | | | B01 | | | | | |B01= '''Examine the patient''' <br> | ||
❑ Inspection of nasopharynx and oropharynx to exclude hemorrhagic sites from Nasopharynx or gastrointestinal track <br> | ❑ Inspection of nasopharynx and oropharynx to exclude hemorrhagic sites from Nasopharynx or gastrointestinal track <br> | ||
Line 52: | Line 52: | ||
❑ Accessory respiratory muscles use <br> | ❑ Accessory respiratory muscles use <br> | ||
❑ Examine head and neck <br> }} | ❑ Examine head and neck <br> }} Normal 0 21 false false false ES-TRAD JA X-NONE <ref > name="pmid10834728">{{cite journal| author=Jean-Baptiste E| title=Clinical assessment and management of massive hemoptysis. | journal=Crit Care Med | year= 2000 | volume= 28 | issue= 5 | pages= 1642-7 | pmid=10834728 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=10834728 }} </ref> | ||
{{familytree | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | }} | {{familytree | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | }} | ||
{{familytree | | | | | | | | C01 | | | | | |C01= ❑ UGI bleed <br> ❑ NP bleed}} | {{familytree | | | | | | | | C01 | | | | | |C01= ❑ UGI bleed <br> ❑ NP bleed}} |
Revision as of 20:05, 27 January 2014
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Definition
Hemoptysis is the expectoration of blood from the respiratory system.
Causes
Life Threatening Causes
Life-threatening causes include conditions which may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated. Hemoptysis may be a life-threatening condition depending on the severity of bleeding and must be treated as such irrespective of the causes.
Common Causes
- Pulmonary disease
- Cardiovascular disease
- Pulmonary artery arteriovenous malformation
- Pulmonary embolism
- pulmonary hypertension
- Bronchial artery aneurysm
- Thoracic aortic aneurysm
- Aortobronchial fistula
- Others
- Coagulopathy
- Von Willebrand disease
- Haemophilia
- Trombocytopenia
- Iatrogenic
- Anticoagulation
- Trauma
- Coagulopathy
Management
Normal 0 21 false false false ES-TRAD JA X-NONE [3]Characterise the symptoms ❑ Coughing up blood ❑ Chest pain ❑ Tachypnea ❑ Dyspnea | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Examine the patient ❑ Inspection of nasopharynx and oropharynx to exclude hemorrhagic sites from Nasopharynx or gastrointestinal track ❑ Vital signs and oxygen saturation ❑ Respiratory rate ❑ Accessory respiratory muscles use | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
❑ UGI bleed ❑ NP bleed | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Order lab ❑ Complete blood count ❑ Arterial blood gas ❑ Coagulation profile ❑ Electrolites ❑ Blood typing and cross match | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stable patient | Unstable patient | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Chest radiography | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Mild hemoptysis | Moderate hemoptysis | Massive hemotysis ❑ Dysnea ❑ >600 cc of blood in 24 hours ❑ >150 cc of blood per hr Sings and symptoms of hypovolemia | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
❑ Secure airway permeability O negative blood type transfusion | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Treat underlying disease | CT | Bronchoscopy | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Diagnose found | Diagnose not found | Location of bleeding found | Location of bleeding not found | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Treat underlying disease | Bronchoscopy | Endobronchial tamponade | Arteriography | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Find location of bleeding | CT | Bronchial artery embolization | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Treat the cause | Treat the cause | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Do's
Dont's
References
- ↑ name="pmid20058006">Chun JY, Morgan R, Belli AM (2010). "Radiological management of hemoptysis: a comprehensive review of diagnostic imaging and bronchial arterial embolization". Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol. 33 (2): 240–50. doi:10.1007/s00270-009-9788-z. PMID 20058006.
- ↑ name="pmid10834728">Jean-Baptiste E (2000). "Clinical assessment and management of massive hemoptysis". Crit Care Med. 28 (5): 1642–7. PMID 10834728.
- ↑ name="pmid10834728">Jean-Baptiste E (2000). "Clinical assessment and management of massive hemoptysis". Crit Care Med. 28 (5): 1642–7. PMID 10834728.