Community-acquired pneumonia primary prevention: Difference between revisions
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|+ <SMALL>'' Vaccine prevention of community-acquired pneumonia.''<ref name="Harper-2005">{{Cite journal | last1 = Harper | first1 = SA. | last2 = Fukuda | first2 = K. | last3 = Uyeki | first3 = TM. | last4 = Cox | first4 = NJ. | last5 = Bridges | first5 = CB. | title = Prevention and control of influenza. Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP). | journal = MMWR Recomm Rep | volume = 54 | issue = RR-8 | pages = 1-40 | month = Jul | year = 2005 | doi = | PMID = 16086456 }}</ref></SMALL> | |+ <SMALL>'' Vaccine prevention of community-acquired pneumonia.''<ref name="Harper-2005">{{Cite journal | last1 = Harper | first1 = SA. | last2 = Fukuda | first2 = K. | last3 = Uyeki | first3 = TM. | last4 = Cox | first4 = NJ. | last5 = Bridges | first5 = CB. | title = Prevention and control of influenza. Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP). | journal = MMWR Recomm Rep | volume = 54 | issue = RR-8 | pages = 1-40 | month = Jul | year = 2005 | doi = | PMID = 16086456 }}</ref></SMALL> | ||
| style="background: #A5B2D6; border: 0px solid #696969; padding: 0 5px; width: 200px"| '''Factor''' || style="background: #A5B2D6; border: 0px solid #696969; padding: 0 5px; width: 200px" | '''Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine''' | | style="background: #A5B2D6; border: 0px solid #696969; padding: 0 5px; width: 200px"| '''Factor''' || style="background: #A5B2D6; border: 0px solid #696969; padding: 0 5px; width: 200px" | '''[[Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine]]''' | ||
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| style="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" align=left | ▸ '''''Route of administration''''' || style="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px; background: #DCDCDC" align=left |▸ '''''Intramuscular injection''''' | | style="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" align=left | ▸ '''''Route of administration''''' || style="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px; background: #DCDCDC" align=left |▸ '''''Intramuscular injection''''' | ||
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| style="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" align=left | ▸ '''''Recommended groups''''' || style="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px; background: #DCDCDC" align=left | ▸'''''All persons ≥ 65 years of age'''''<br>''''''High-risk persons 2–64 years of age''''''<br>''''''Current smokers'''''' | | style="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" align=left | ▸ '''''Recommended groups''''' || style="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px; background: #DCDCDC" align=left | ▸'''''All persons ≥ 65 years of age'''''<br>''''''High-risk persons 2–64 years of age''''''<br>''''''Current smokers'''''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" align=left | ▸ '''''Specific high-risk indications for vaccination''''' || style="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px; background: #DCDCDC" align=left |▸ '''''Chronic cardiovascular, pulmonary, renal, or liver disease'''''<br>▸'''''Diabetes mellitus'''''<br>▸'''''Cerebrospinal fluid leaks ''''' <br>▸''''' Alcoholism ''''' <br>▸''''' Asplenia''''' <br>▸''''' Immunocompromising conditions / medications '''''<br>▸'''''Native Americans and Alaska natives '''''<br>▸'''''Long-term care facility residents''''' | | style="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" align=left | ▸ '''''Specific high-risk indications for vaccination''''' || style="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px; background: #DCDCDC" align=left |▸ '''''Chronic cardiovascular, pulmonary, renal, or liver disease'''''<br>▸'''''Diabetes mellitus'''''<br>▸'''''Cerebrospinal fluid leaks ''''' <br>▸''''' Alcoholism ''''' <br>▸''''' [[Asplenia]]''''' <br>▸''''' Immunocompromising conditions / medications '''''<br>▸'''''Native Americans and Alaska natives '''''<br>▸'''''Long-term care facility residents''''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" align=left | ▸ '''''Revaccination schedule''''' || style="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px; background: #DCDCDC" align=left |▸ '''''One-time revaccination after 5 years for <br> | | style="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" align=left | ▸ '''''Revaccination schedule''''' || style="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px; background: #DCDCDC" align=left |▸ '''''One-time revaccination after 5 years for <br> (1) Adults 65 years of age, if the first dose is received before age 65 years<br> (2) Persons with asplenia <br> (3) Immunocompromised persons''''' | ||
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Adapted from the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.<ref name="Harper-2005">{{Cite journal | last1 = Harper | first1 = SA. | last2 = Fukuda | first2 = K. | last3 = Uyeki | first3 = TM. | last4 = Cox | first4 = NJ. | last5 = Bridges | first5 = CB. | title = Prevention and control of influenza. Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP). | journal = MMWR Recomm Rep | volume = 54 | issue = RR-8 | pages = 1-40 | month = Jul | year = 2005 | doi = | PMID = 16086456 }}</ref> | |||
===Inactivated influenza vaccine=== | |||
{| style="border: 2px solid #696969;" align="center" | |||
|+ <SMALL>'' Vaccine prevention of community-acquired pneumonia.''<ref name="Harper-2005">{{Cite journal | last1 = Harper | first1 = SA. | last2 = Fukuda | first2 = K. | last3 = Uyeki | first3 = TM. | last4 = Cox | first4 = NJ. | last5 = Bridges | first5 = CB. | title = Prevention and control of influenza. Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP). | journal = MMWR Recomm Rep | volume = 54 | issue = RR-8 | pages = 1-40 | month = Jul | year = 2005 | doi = | PMID = 16086456 }}</ref></SMALL> | |||
| style="background: #A5B2D6; border: 0px solid #696969; padding: 0 5px; width: 200px"| '''Factor''' || style="background: #A5B2D6; border: 0px solid #696969; padding: 0 5px; width: 200px" | '''Inactivated influenza vaccine''' | |||
|- | |||
| style="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" align=left | ▸ '''''Route of administration''''' || style="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px; background: #DCDCDC" align=left |▸ '''''Intramuscular injection''''' | |||
|- | |||
| style="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" align=left | ▸ '''''Type of vaccine''''' || style="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px; background: #DCDCDC" align=left | ▸ '''''Killed virus''''' | |||
|- | |||
| style="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" align=left | ▸ '''''Recommended groups''''' || style="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px; background: #DCDCDC" align=left | ▸ ''''' All persons ≥ 50 years of age'''''<br>▸ '''''High-risk persons 6 months – 49 years of age'''''<br>▸ '''''Household contacts of high-risk persons'''''<br>▸ '''''Health care providers'''''<br>▸ '''''Children 6–23 months of age''''' | |||
|- | |||
| style="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" align=left | ▸ '''''Specific high-risk indications for vaccination''''' || style ="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px; background: #DCDCDC" align=left | ▸ '''''Chronic cardiovascular or pulmonary disease (including asthma) ''''' <br>▸'''''Chronic metabolic disease (including diabetes mellitus)'''''<br> ▸'''''Renal dysfunction ''''' <br>▸''''' [[Hemoglobinopathies]] ''''' <br>▸''''' Immunocompromising conditions/medications''''' <br>▸''''' Pregnancy'''''<br>▸'''''Residence in a long-term care facility '''''<br>▸'''''Aspirin therapy in persons ≤ 18 years of age ''''' | |||
|- | |||
| style="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" align=left | ▸ '''''Revaccination schedule''''' || style="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px; background: #DCDCDC" align=left |▸ '''''Annual revaccination ''''' | |||
|- | |||
|} | |||
Adapted from the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.<ref name="Harper-2005">{{Cite journal | last1 = Harper | first1 = SA. | last2 = Fukuda | first2 = K. | last3 = Uyeki | first3 = TM. | last4 = Cox | first4 = NJ. | last5 = Bridges | first5 = CB. | title = Prevention and control of influenza. Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP). | journal = MMWR Recomm Rep | volume = 54 | issue = RR-8 | pages = 1-40 | month = Jul | year = 2005 | doi = | PMID = 16086456 }}</ref> | |||
===Live attenuated influenza vaccine=== | |||
{| style="border: 2px solid #696969;" align="center" | |||
|+ <SMALL>'' Vaccine prevention of community-acquired pneumonia.''<ref name="Harper-2005">{{Cite journal | last1 = Harper | first1 = SA. | last2 = Fukuda | first2 = K. | last3 = Uyeki | first3 = TM. | last4 = Cox | first4 = NJ. | last5 = Bridges | first5 = CB. | title = Prevention and control of influenza. Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP). | journal = MMWR Recomm Rep | volume = 54 | issue = RR-8 | pages = 1-40 | month = Jul | year = 2005 | doi = | PMID = 16086456 }}</ref></SMALL> | |||
| style="background: #A5B2D6; border: 0px solid #696969; padding: 0 5px; width: 200px"| '''Factor''' || style="background: #A5B2D6; border: 0px solid #696969; padding: 0 5px; width: 200px" | '''Live attenuated influenza vaccine''' | |||
|- | |||
| style="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" align=left | ▸ '''''Route of administration''''' || style="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px; background: #DCDCDC" align=left |▸ '''''Intranasal spray''''' | |||
|- | |||
| style="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" align=left | ▸ '''''Type of vaccine''''' || style="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px; background: #DCDCDC" align=left | ▸ '''''Live virus''''' | |||
|- | |||
| style="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" align=left | ▸ '''''Recommended groups''''' || style="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px; background: #DCDCDC" align=left | ▸ '''''Healthy persons 5–49 years of age<sup>†</sup>, including health care providers and household contacts of high-risk persons''''' | |||
|- | |||
| style="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" align=left | ▸ '''''Specific high-risk indications for vaccination''''' || style ="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px; background: #DCDCDC" align=left | ▸ '''''Avoid in high-risk persons ''''' | |||
|- | |||
| style="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" align=left | ▸ '''''Revaccination schedule''''' || style="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px; background: #DCDCDC" align=left |▸ '''''Annual revaccination ''''' | |||
|- | |||
|} | |||
<sup>†</sup> = Avoid use in persons with asthma, reactive airways disease, or other chronic disorders of the pulmonary or cardiovascular systems; persons with other | |||
underlying medical conditions, including diabetes, renal dysfunction, and hemoglobinopathies; persons with immunodeficiencies or who receive immunosup-pressive therapy; children or adolescents receiving salicylates; persons with a history of Guillain-Barre ́ syndrome; and pregnant women. | |||
Adapted from the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.<ref name="Harper-2005">{{Cite journal | last1 = Harper | first1 = SA. | last2 = Fukuda | first2 = K. | last3 = Uyeki | first3 = TM. | last4 = Cox | first4 = NJ. | last5 = Bridges | first5 = CB. | title = Prevention and control of influenza. Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP). | journal = MMWR Recomm Rep | volume = 54 | issue = RR-8 | pages = 1-40 | month = Jul | year = 2005 | doi = | PMID = 16086456 }}</ref> | Adapted from the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.<ref name="Harper-2005">{{Cite journal | last1 = Harper | first1 = SA. | last2 = Fukuda | first2 = K. | last3 = Uyeki | first3 = TM. | last4 = Cox | first4 = NJ. | last5 = Bridges | first5 = CB. | title = Prevention and control of influenza. Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP). | journal = MMWR Recomm Rep | volume = 54 | issue = RR-8 | pages = 1-40 | month = Jul | year = 2005 | doi = | PMID = 16086456 }}</ref> | ||
Revision as of 21:49, 29 January 2014
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Community-Acquired Pneumonia Microchapters |
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Differentiating Community-acquired pneumonia from other Diseases |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Case Studies |
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Community-acquired pneumonia primary prevention On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Community-acquired pneumonia primary prevention |
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Directions to Hospitals Treating Community-acquired pneumonia |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Community-acquired pneumonia primary prevention |
Vaccines
Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine
| Factor | Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine |
| ▸ Route of administration | ▸ Intramuscular injection |
| ▸ Type of vaccine | ▸Bacterial component (polysaccharide capsule) |
| ▸ Recommended groups | ▸All persons ≥ 65 years of age 'High-risk persons 2–64 years of age' 'Current smokers' |
| ▸ Specific high-risk indications for vaccination | ▸ Chronic cardiovascular, pulmonary, renal, or liver disease ▸Diabetes mellitus ▸Cerebrospinal fluid leaks ▸ Alcoholism ▸ Asplenia ▸ Immunocompromising conditions / medications ▸Native Americans and Alaska natives ▸Long-term care facility residents |
| ▸ Revaccination schedule | ▸ One-time revaccination after 5 years for (1) Adults 65 years of age, if the first dose is received before age 65 years (2) Persons with asplenia (3) Immunocompromised persons |
Adapted from the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.[1]
Inactivated influenza vaccine
| Factor | Inactivated influenza vaccine |
| ▸ Route of administration | ▸ Intramuscular injection |
| ▸ Type of vaccine | ▸ Killed virus |
| ▸ Recommended groups | ▸ All persons ≥ 50 years of age ▸ High-risk persons 6 months – 49 years of age ▸ Household contacts of high-risk persons ▸ Health care providers ▸ Children 6–23 months of age |
| ▸ Specific high-risk indications for vaccination | ▸ Chronic cardiovascular or pulmonary disease (including asthma) ▸Chronic metabolic disease (including diabetes mellitus) ▸Renal dysfunction ▸ Hemoglobinopathies ▸ Immunocompromising conditions/medications ▸ Pregnancy ▸Residence in a long-term care facility ▸Aspirin therapy in persons ≤ 18 years of age |
| ▸ Revaccination schedule | ▸ Annual revaccination |
Adapted from the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.[1]
Live attenuated influenza vaccine
| Factor | Live attenuated influenza vaccine |
| ▸ Route of administration | ▸ Intranasal spray |
| ▸ Type of vaccine | ▸ Live virus |
| ▸ Recommended groups | ▸ Healthy persons 5–49 years of age†, including health care providers and household contacts of high-risk persons |
| ▸ Specific high-risk indications for vaccination | ▸ Avoid in high-risk persons |
| ▸ Revaccination schedule | ▸ Annual revaccination |
† = Avoid use in persons with asthma, reactive airways disease, or other chronic disorders of the pulmonary or cardiovascular systems; persons with other underlying medical conditions, including diabetes, renal dysfunction, and hemoglobinopathies; persons with immunodeficiencies or who receive immunosup-pressive therapy; children or adolescents receiving salicylates; persons with a history of Guillain-Barre ́ syndrome; and pregnant women.
Adapted from the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.[1]