Clonidine: Difference between revisions
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Centrally acting α2 adrenergic agonist. | Centrally acting α2 adrenergic agonist. | ||
== | ==CATAPRES== | ||
'''| [[CATAPRES indications and usage|Indications and Usage]]''' | |||
'''| [[CATAPRES dosage and administration|Dosage and Administration]]''' | |||
'''| [[CATAPRES dosage forms and strengths|Dosage Forms and Strengths]]''' | |||
'''| [[CATAPRES contraindications|Contraindications]]''' | |||
'''| [[CATAPRES warnings and precautions|Warnings and Precautions]]''' | |||
'''| [[CATAPRES adverse reactions|Adverse Reactions]]''' | |||
'''| [[CATAPRES drug interactions|Drug Interactions]]''' | |||
'''| [[CATAPRES use in specific populations|Use in Specific Populations]]''' | |||
'''| [[CATAPRES overdosage|Overdosage]]''' | |||
'''| [[CATAPRES description|Description]]''' | |||
'''| [[CATAPRES clinical pharmacology|Clinical Pharmacology]]''' | |||
'''| [[CATAPRES nonclinical toxicology|Nonclinical Toxicology]]''' | |||
'''| [[CATAPRES clinical studies|Clinical Studies]]''' | |||
'''| [[CATAPRES how supplied storage and handling|How Supplied/Storage and Handling]]''' | |||
'''| [[CATAPRES patient counseling information|Patient Counseling Information]]''' | |||
'''| [[CATAPRES labels and packages|Labels and Packages]]''' | |||
==CLONIDINE patch== | |||
'''| [[CLONIDINE patch indications and usage|Indications and Usage]]''' | |||
'''| [[CLONIDINE patch dosage and administration|Dosage and Administration]]''' | |||
'''| [[CLONIDINE patch dosage forms and strengths|Dosage Forms and Strengths]]''' | |||
'''| [[CLONIDINE patch contraindications|Contraindications]]''' | |||
'''| [[CLONIDINE patch warnings and precautions|Warnings and Precautions]]''' | |||
'''| [[CLONIDINE patch adverse reactions|Adverse Reactions]]''' | |||
'''| [[CLONIDINE patch drug interactions|Drug Interactions]]''' | |||
'''| [[CLONIDINE patch use in specific populations|Use in Specific Populations]]''' | |||
'''| [[CLONIDINE patch overdosage|Overdosage]]''' | |||
'''| [[CLONIDINE patch description|Description]]''' | |||
'''| [[CLONIDINE patch clinical pharmacology|Clinical Pharmacology]]''' | |||
'''| [[CLONIDINE patch nonclinical toxicology|Nonclinical Toxicology]]''' | |||
'''| [[CLONIDINE patch clinical studies|Clinical Studies]]''' | |||
'''| [[CLONIDINE patch how supplied storage and handling|How Supplied/Storage and Handling]]''' | |||
'''| [[CLONIDINE patch patient counseling information|Patient Counseling Information]]''' | |||
'''| [[CLONIDINE patch labels and packages|Labels and Packages]]''' | |||
==DURACLON== | |||
'''| [[DURACLON indications and usage|Indications and Usage]]''' | |||
'''| [[DURACLON dosage and administration|Dosage and Administration]]''' | |||
'''| [[DURACLON dosage forms and strengths|Dosage Forms and Strengths]]''' | |||
'''| [[DURACLON contraindications|Contraindications]]''' | |||
'''| [[DURACLON warnings and precautions|Warnings and Precautions]]''' | |||
'''| [[DURACLON adverse reactions|Adverse Reactions]]''' | |||
'''| [[DURACLON drug interactions|Drug Interactions]]''' | |||
'''| [[DURACLON use in specific populations|Use in Specific Populations]]''' | |||
'''| [[DURACLON overdosage|Overdosage]]''' | |||
'''| [[DURACLON description|Description]]''' | |||
'''| [[DURACLON clinical pharmacology|Clinical Pharmacology]]''' | |||
'''| [[DURACLON nonclinical toxicology|Nonclinical Toxicology]]''' | |||
'''| [[DURACLON clinical studies|Clinical Studies]]''' | |||
'''| [[DURACLON how supplied storage and handling|How Supplied/Storage and Handling]]''' | |||
'''| [[DURACLON patient counseling information|Patient Counseling Information]]''' | |||
'''| [[DURACLON labels and packages|Labels and Packages]]''' | |||
==Mechanism of action== | ==Mechanism of action== | ||
Revision as of 19:07, 5 February 2014
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Pratik Bahekar, MBBS [2]
For patient information about Clonidine, click here
Synonyms / Brand Names:
Overview
Not to be confused with clomifene, clonazepam (Klonopin), or clozapine.
Clonidine (trade names Catapres, Kapvay, Nexiclon and others) is a sympatholytic medication used to treat high blood pressure, ADHD, anxiety/panic disorder, and certain pain conditions. It is classified as a centrally acting α2 adrenergic agonist. An alternative hypothesis that has been proposed is that clonidine acts centrally as an imidazoline receptor agonist.
Category
Centrally acting α2 adrenergic agonist.
CATAPRES
| Indications and Usage | Dosage and Administration | Dosage Forms and Strengths | Contraindications | Warnings and Precautions | Adverse Reactions | Drug Interactions | Use in Specific Populations | Overdosage | Description | Clinical Pharmacology | Nonclinical Toxicology | Clinical Studies | How Supplied/Storage and Handling | Patient Counseling Information | Labels and Packages
CLONIDINE patch
| Indications and Usage | Dosage and Administration | Dosage Forms and Strengths | Contraindications | Warnings and Precautions | Adverse Reactions | Drug Interactions | Use in Specific Populations | Overdosage | Description | Clinical Pharmacology | Nonclinical Toxicology | Clinical Studies | How Supplied/Storage and Handling | Patient Counseling Information | Labels and Packages
DURACLON
| Indications and Usage | Dosage and Administration | Dosage Forms and Strengths | Contraindications | Warnings and Precautions | Adverse Reactions | Drug Interactions | Use in Specific Populations | Overdosage | Description | Clinical Pharmacology | Nonclinical Toxicology | Clinical Studies | How Supplied/Storage and Handling | Patient Counseling Information | Labels and Packages
Mechanism of action
Clonidine treats high blood pressure by stimulating α2-receptors in the brain, which decreases peripheral vascular resistance, lowering blood pressure. It has specificity towards the presynaptic α2-receptors in the vasomotor center in the brainstem. This binding decreases presynaptic calcium levels, thus inhibiting the release of norepinephrine (NE). The net effect is a decrease in sympathetic tone.
It has also been proposed that the antihypertensive effect of clonidine is due to agonism on the I1-receptor (imidazoline receptor), which mediates the sympatho-inhibitory actions of imidazolines to lower blood pressure.
Its mechanism of action in the treatment of ADHD is to increase noradrenergic tone in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) directly by binding to postsynaptic α2A adrenergic receptors and indirectly by increasing norepinephrine input from the locus coeruleus.
| Receptor | Ki (nM) |
|---|---|
| α1A | 316.2278 |
| α1B | 316.2278 |
| α1D | 125.8925 |
| α2A | 42.92 |
| α2B | 106.31 |
| α2C | 233.1 |