Subdural empyema causes: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Depending on the site of origin of the [[infection]], as well as location of the empyema in the [[subdural space]], there will be different causative agents. | Depending on the site of origin of the [[infection]], as well as location of the empyema in the [[subdural space]], there will be different causative agents. The rate of success of bacterial cultures from the surgically removed pus is 54-81%. Common agents of subdural empyema include: [[anaerobes]], aerobic [[streptococci]], [[staphylococci]], ''[[Haemophilus influenzae]]''', '''Streptococcus pneumoniae''' and other [[gram-negative]] [[bacilli]]. <ref name="AgrawalTimothy2007">{{cite journal|last1=Agrawal|first1=Amit|last2=Timothy|first2=Jake|last3=Pandit|first3=Lekha|last4=Shetty|first4=Lathika|last5=Shetty|first5=J.P.|title=A Review of Subdural Empyema and Its Management|journal=Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice|volume=15|issue=3|year=2007|pages=149–153|issn=1056-9103|doi=10.1097/01.idc.0000269905.67284.c7}}</ref> | ||
In children, subdural empyema most often happens as a complication of [[meningitis]] while in adults it usually occurs as a complication of [[sinusitis]], [[otitis media]], [[mastoiditis]] [[trauma]] or as a complication of neurological procedures.<ref name="AgrawalTimothy2007">{{cite journal|last1=Agrawal|first1=Amit|last2=Timothy|first2=Jake|last3=Pandit|first3=Lekha|last4=Shetty|first4=Lathika|last5=Shetty|first5=J.P.|title=A Review of Subdural Empyema and Its Management|journal=Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice|volume=15|issue=3|year=2007|pages=149–153|issn=1056-9103|doi=10.1097/01.idc.0000269905.67284.c7}}</ref><ref name="pmid16777239">{{Cite journal|author=Quraishi H, Zevallos JP |title=Subdural empyema as a complication of sinusitis in the pediatric population |journal=Int. J. Pediatr. Otorhinolaryngol. |volume=70 |issue=9 |pages=1581–6 |year=2006 |month=September |pmid=16777239 |doi=10.1016/j.ijporl.2006.04.007 |url=http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0165-5876(06)00135-2}}</ref> | |||
==Causes== | ==Causes== | ||
Revision as of 05:00, 5 March 2014
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: João André Alves Silva, M.D. [2]
Overview
Depending on the site of origin of the infection, as well as location of the empyema in the subdural space, there will be different causative agents. The rate of success of bacterial cultures from the surgically removed pus is 54-81%. Common agents of subdural empyema include: anaerobes, aerobic streptococci, staphylococci, Haemophilus influenzae', Streptococcus pneumoniae and other gram-negative bacilli. [1] In children, subdural empyema most often happens as a complication of meningitis while in adults it usually occurs as a complication of sinusitis, otitis media, mastoiditis trauma or as a complication of neurological procedures.[1][2]
Causes
Life Threatening Causes
Common Causes
Causes by Organ System
| Cardiovascular | No underlying causes |
| Chemical/Poisoning | No underlying causes |
| Dental | No underlying causes |
| Dermatologic | No underlying causes |
| Drug Side Effect | No underlying causes |
| Ear Nose Throat | No underlying causes |
| Endocrine | No underlying causes |
| Environmental | No underlying causes |
| Gastroenterologic | No underlying causes |
| Genetic | No underlying causes |
| Hematologic | No underlying causes |
| Iatrogenic | No underlying causes |
| Infectious Disease | No underlying causes |
| Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic | No underlying causes |
| Neurologic | No underlying causes |
| Nutritional/Metabolic | No underlying causes |
| Obstetric/Gynecologic | No underlying causes |
| Oncologic | No underlying causes |
| Ophthalmologic | No underlying causes |
| Overdose/Toxicity | No underlying causes |
| Psychiatric | No underlying causes |
| Pulmonary | No underlying causes |
| Renal/Electrolyte | No underlying causes |
| Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy | No underlying causes |
| Sexual | No underlying causes |
| Trauma | No underlying causes |
| Urologic | No underlying causes |
| Miscellaneous | No underlying causes |
Causes in Alphabetical order
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Agrawal, Amit; Timothy, Jake; Pandit, Lekha; Shetty, Lathika; Shetty, J.P. (2007). "A Review of Subdural Empyema and Its Management". Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice. 15 (3): 149–153. doi:10.1097/01.idc.0000269905.67284.c7. ISSN 1056-9103.
- ↑ Quraishi H, Zevallos JP (2006). "Subdural empyema as a complication of sinusitis in the pediatric population". Int. J. Pediatr. Otorhinolaryngol. 70 (9): 1581–6. doi:10.1016/j.ijporl.2006.04.007. PMID 16777239. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help)