Adenosine: Difference between revisions

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__NOTOC__
{{DrugProjectFormSinglePage
|genericName=generic name
|aOrAn=a
|drugClass=Adrenergic receptor agonist
|indication=a list of indications, separated by commas.
|hasBlackBoxWarning=Yes
|adverseReactions=a list of adverse reactions, separated by commas.
|blackBoxWarningTitle=Warning Title
|blackBoxWarningBody=<i><span style="color:#FF0000;">Condition Name:</span></i> (Content)
|fdaLIADAdult======Condition 1=====


{{Adenosine}}
* Dosing Information


{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{AZ}}
:* (Dosage)


{{SB}} ADENOCARD®, ADENOSCAN®
=====Condition 2=====
==Overview==
'''Adenosine''' (ADO) is a [[purine]] [[nucleoside]] comprising a [[molecule]] of [[adenine]] attached to a [[ribose]] sugar molecule ([[ribofuranose]]) [[functional group|moiety]] via a β-N<sub>9</sub>-[[glycosidic bond]].Adenosine plays an important role in [[biochemistry|biochemical]] processes, such as energy transfer — as [[adenosine triphosphate]] (ATP) and [[adenosine diphosphate]] (ADP) — as well as in [[signal transduction]] as [[cyclic adenosine monophosphate]], cAMP. It is also an inhibitory neurotransmitter, believed to play a role in promoting sleep and suppressing arousal. Adenosine also plays a role in regulation of blood flow to various organs through [[vasodilation]].<ref name="pmid15772334">{{cite journal|last=Sato|first=A|author2=Terata, K|author3=Miura, H|author4=Toyama, K|author5=Loberiza FR, Jr|author6=Hatoum, OA|author7=Saito, T|author8=Sakuma, I|author9= Gutterman, DD|title=Mechanism of vasodilation to adenosine in coronary arterioles from patients with heart disease.|journal=American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology|date=April 2005|volume=288|issue=4|pages=H1633–40|pmid=15772334|doi=10.1152/ajpheart.00575.2004}}</ref><ref name="pmid9576114">{{cite journal|last=Costa|first=F|author2=Biaggioni, I|title=Role of nitric oxide in adenosine-induced vasodilation in humans|journal=Hypertension|date=May 1998|volume=31|issue=5|pages=1061–4|pmid=9576114|doi=10.1161/01.HYP.31.5.1061}}</ref><ref name="pmid1884445">{{cite journal|last=Morgan|first=JM|author2=McCormack, DG|author3= Griffiths, MJ|author4= Morgan, CJ|author5= Barnes, PJ|author6= Evans, TW|title=Adenosine as a vasodilator in primary pulmonary hypertension|journal=Circulation|date=September 1991|volume=84|issue=3|pages=1145–9|pmid=1884445|doi=10.1161/01.CIR.84.3.1145}}</ref>


==Category==
* Dosing Information


==FDA Package Insert<ref name="dailymed.nlm.nih.gov">{{Cite web  | last =  | first = | title = ADENOCARD (ADENOSINE) SOLUTION [ASTELLAS PHARMA US, INC.] | url = http://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/lookup.cfm?setid=f0e32589-dad9-4887-8481-bcf7f6618466 | publisher = | date = | accessdate = }}</ref>==
:* (Dosage)
|offLabelAdultGuideSupport======Condition 1=====


'''| [[Adenosine indications and usage|Indications and Usage]]'''
* Developed by: (Organisation)
'''| [[Adenosine dosage and administration|Dosage and Administration]]'''
'''| [[Adenosine dosage forms and strengths|Dosage Forms and Strengths]]'''
'''| [[Adenosine contraindications|Contraindications]]'''
'''| [[Adenosine warnings|Warnings and Precautions]]'''
'''| [[Adenosine adverse reactions|Adverse Reactions]]'''
'''| [[Adenosine drug interactions|Drug Interactions]]'''
'''| [[Adenosine use in specific populations|Use in Specific Populations]]'''
'''| [[Adenosine overdosage|Overdosage]]'''
'''| [[Adenosine description|Description]]'''
'''| [[Adenosine clinical pharmacology|Clinical Pharmacology]]'''
'''| [[Adenosine nonclinical toxicology|Nonclinical Toxicology]]'''
'''| [[Adenosine clinical studies|Clinical Studies]]'''
'''| [[Adenosine how supplied storage and handling|How Supplied/Storage and Handling]]'''
'''| [[Adenosine patient counseling information|Patient Counseling Information]]'''
'''| [[Adenosine labels and packages|Labels and Packages]]'''


==Mechanism of Action==
* Class of Recommendation: (Class) (Link)
When administered intravenously, adenosine causes transient [[heart block]] in the [[atrioventricular node|atrioventricular (AV) node]]. This is mediated via the [[Adenosine A receptor|A<sub>1</sub> receptor]], inhibiting adenylyl cyclase, reducing cAMP and so causing cell hyperpolarization by increasing outward K+ flux. It also causes endothelial-dependent relaxation of smooth muscle as is found inside the artery walls. This causes dilation of the "normal" segments of arteries, i.e. where the [[endothelium]] is not separated from the tunica media by [[atherosclerotic plaque]]. This feature allows physicians to use adenosine to test for blockages in the coronary arteries, by exaggerating the difference between the normal and abnormal segments.


==References==
* Strength of Evidence: (Category A/B/C) (Link)


{{Reflist|2}}
* Dosing Information/Recommendation


[[Category:Drugs]]
:* (Dosage)
[[Category:Antiarrhythmic agents]]
 
=====Condition 2=====
 
* Developed by: (Organisation)
 
* Class of Recommendation: (Class) (Link)
 
* Strength of Evidence: (Category A/B/C) (Link)
 
* Dosing Information/Recommendation
 
:* (Dosage)
|offLabelAdultNoGuideSupport======Condition 1=====
 
* Dosing Information
 
:* (Dosage)
 
=====Condition 2=====
 
* Dosing Information
 
:* (Dosage)
 
=====Condition 3=====
 
* Dosing Information
 
:* (Dosage)
|fdaLIADPed======Condition 1=====
 
* Dosing Information
 
:* (Dosage)
 
=====Condition 2=====
 
* Dosing Information
 
:* (Dosage)
|offLabelPedGuideSupport======Condition 1=====
 
* Developed by: (Organisation)
 
* Class of Recommendation: (Class) (Link)
 
* Strength of Evidence: (Category A/B/C) (Link)
 
* Dosing Information/Recommendation
 
:* (Dosage)
 
=====Condition 2=====
 
* Developed by: (Organisation)
 
* Class of Recommendation: (Class) (Link)
 
* Strength of Evidence: (Category A/B/C) (Link)
 
* Dosing Information/Recommendation
 
:* (Dosage)
|offLabelPedNoGuideSupport======Condition 1=====
 
* Dosing Information
 
:* (Dosage)
 
=====Condition 2=====
 
* Dosing Information
 
:* (Dosage)
 
=====Condition 3=====
 
* Dosing Information
 
:* (Dosage)
|contraindications=* Condition 1
* Condition 2
* Condition 3
* Condition 4
* Condition 5
|warnings======Conidition 1=====
 
(Description)
 
|clinicalTrials=======Central Nervous System======
 
: (list/description of adverse reactions)
 
======Cardiovascular======
 
: (list/description of adverse reactions)
 
======Respiratory======
 
: (list/description of adverse reactions)
 
======Gastrointestinal======
 
: (list/description of adverse reactions)
 
======Hypersensitive Reactions======
 
: (list/description of adverse reactions)
 
======Miscellaneous======
 
: (list/description of adverse reactions)
 
=====Condition 2=====
 
======Central Nervous System======
 
: (list/description of adverse reactions)
 
======Cardiovascular======
 
: (list/description of adverse reactions)
 
======Respiratory======
 
: (list/description of adverse reactions)
 
======Gastrointestinal======
 
: (list/description of adverse reactions)
 
======Hypersensitive Reactions======
 
: (list/description of adverse reactions)
 
======Miscellaneous======
 
: (list/description of adverse reactions)
|postmarketing=(Description)
|drugInteractions=* Drug 1
* Drug 2
* Drug 3
* Drug 4
* Drug 5
 
=====Drug 1=====
 
(Description)
 
=====Drug 2=====
 
(Description)
 
=====Drug 3=====
 
(Description)
 
=====Drug 4=====
 
(Description)
 
=====Drug 5=====
 
(Description)
|useInPregnancyFDA=(Description)
|useInPregnancyAUS=(Description)
|useInLaborDelivery=(Description)
|useInNursing=(Description)
|useInPed=(Description)
|useInGeri=(Description)
|useInGender=(Description)
|useInRace=(Description)
|useInRenalImpair=(Description)
|useInHepaticImpair=(Description)
|useInReproPotential=(Description)
|useInImmunocomp=(Description)
|othersTitle=Others
|useInOthers=(Description)
 
|administration=(Oral/Intravenous/etc)
|monitoring======Condition 1=====
 
(Description regarding monitoring, from ''Warnings'' section)
 
=====Condition 2=====
 
(Description regarding monitoring, from ''Warnings'' section)
 
=====Condition 3=====
 
(Description regarding monitoring, from ''Warnings'' section)
|IVCompat====Solution===
 
====Compatible====
 
* Solution 1
* Solution 2
* Solution 3
 
====Not Tested====
 
* Solution 1
* Solution 2
* Solution 3
 
====Variable====
 
* Solution 1
* Solution 2
* Solution 3
 
====Incompatible====
 
* Solution 1
* Solution 2
* Solution 3
 
===Y-Site===
 
====Compatible====
 
* Solution 1
* Solution 2
* Solution 3
 
====Not Tested====
 
* Solution 1
* Solution 2
* Solution 3
 
====Variable====
 
* Solution 1
* Solution 2
* Solution 3
 
====Incompatible====
 
* Solution 1
* Solution 2
* Solution 3
 
===Admixture===
 
====Compatible====
 
* Solution 1
* Solution 2
* Solution 3
 
====Not Tested====
 
* Solution 1
* Solution 2
* Solution 3
 
====Variable====
 
* Solution 1
* Solution 2
* Solution 3
 
====Incompatible====
 
* Solution 1
* Solution 2
* Solution 3
 
===Syringe===
 
====Compatible====
 
* Solution 1
* Solution 2
* Solution 3
 
====Not Tested====
 
* Solution 1
* Solution 2
* Solution 3
 
====Variable====
 
* Solution 1
* Solution 2
* Solution 3
 
====Incompatible====
 
* Solution 1
* Solution 2
* Solution 3
 
===TPN/TNA===
 
====Compatible====
 
* Solution 1
* Solution 2
* Solution 3
 
====Not Tested====
 
* Solution 1
* Solution 2
* Solution 3
 
====Variable====
 
* Solution 1
* Solution 2
* Solution 3
 
====Incompatible====
 
* Solution 1
* Solution 2
* Solution 3
|overdose====Acute Overdose===
 
====Signs and Symptoms====
 
(Description)
 
====Management====
 
(Description)
 
===Chronic Overdose===
 
====Signs and Symptoms====
 
(Description)
 
====Management====
 
(Description)
|drugBox={{Drugbox2
| verifiedrevid =
| IUPAC_name =
| image =
| drug_name =
 
<!--Clinical data-->
| tradename =
| MedlinePlus =
| licence_US =
| pregnancy_AU =
| pregnancy_US =
| legal_status =
| routes_of_administration =
 
<!--Pharmacokinetic data-->
| bioavailability =
| metabolism =
| elimination_half-life =
| excretion =
 
<!--Identifiers-->
| CAS_number_Ref =
| CAS_number =
| ATC_prefix =
| ATC_suffix =
| PubChem =
| IUPHAR_ligand =
| DrugBank_Ref =
| DrugBank =
| ChemSpiderID_Ref =
| ChemSpiderID =
| UNII_Ref =
| UNII =
| KEGG_Ref =
| KEGG =
| ChEBI_Ref =
| ChEBI =
| ChEMBL_Ref =
| ChEMBL =
 
<!--Chemical data-->
| C= | H= | N= | O=
| molecular_weight =
| smiles =
| InChI =
| InChIKey =
| StdInChI_Ref =
| StdInChI =
| StdInChIKey_Ref =
| StdInChIKey =
| melting_point =
}}
|mechAction=(Description)
|structure=(Description with picture)
|PD=(Description)
|PK=(Description)
|nonClinToxic=(Description)
|clinicalStudies======Condition 1=====
 
(Description)
 
=====Condition 2=====
 
(Description)
 
=====Condition 3=====
 
(Description)
|howSupplied=(Description)
|fdaPatientInfo=(Patient Counseling Information)
|nlmPatientInfo=(Link to patient information page)
|lookAlike=* (Paired Confused Name 1a) — (Paired Confused Name 1b)
* (Paired Confused Name 2a) — (Paired Confused Name 2b)
* (Paired Confused Name 3a) — (Paired Confused Name 3b)
|drugShortage=Drug Shortage
}}

Revision as of 15:05, 12 May 2014

Adenosine
Black Box Warning
Adult Indications & Dosage
Pediatric Indications & Dosage
Contraindications
Warnings & Precautions
Adverse Reactions
Drug Interactions
Use in Specific Populations
Administration & Monitoring
Overdosage
Pharmacology
Clinical Studies
How Supplied
Images
Patient Counseling Information
Precautions with Alcohol
Brand Names
Look-Alike Names

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];

Disclaimer

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Black Box Warning

Warning Title
See full prescribing information for complete Boxed Warning.
Condition Name: (Content)

Overview

Adenosine is a Adrenergic receptor agonist that is FDA approved for the {{{indicationType}}} of a list of indications, separated by commas.. There is a Black Box Warning for this drug as shown here. Common adverse reactions include a list of adverse reactions, separated by commas..

Adult Indications and Dosage

FDA-Labeled Indications and Dosage (Adult)

Condition 1
  • Dosing Information
  • (Dosage)
Condition 2
  • Dosing Information
  • (Dosage)

Off-Label Use and Dosage (Adult)

Guideline-Supported Use

Condition 1
  • Developed by: (Organisation)
  • Class of Recommendation: (Class) (Link)
  • Strength of Evidence: (Category A/B/C) (Link)
  • Dosing Information/Recommendation
  • (Dosage)
Condition 2
  • Developed by: (Organisation)
  • Class of Recommendation: (Class) (Link)
  • Strength of Evidence: (Category A/B/C) (Link)
  • Dosing Information/Recommendation
  • (Dosage)

Non–Guideline-Supported Use

Condition 1
  • Dosing Information
  • (Dosage)
Condition 2
  • Dosing Information
  • (Dosage)
Condition 3
  • Dosing Information
  • (Dosage)

Pediatric Indications and Dosage

FDA-Labeled Indications and Dosage (Pediatric)

Condition 1
  • Dosing Information
  • (Dosage)
Condition 2
  • Dosing Information
  • (Dosage)

Off-Label Use and Dosage (Pediatric)

Guideline-Supported Use

Condition 1
  • Developed by: (Organisation)
  • Class of Recommendation: (Class) (Link)
  • Strength of Evidence: (Category A/B/C) (Link)
  • Dosing Information/Recommendation
  • (Dosage)
Condition 2
  • Developed by: (Organisation)
  • Class of Recommendation: (Class) (Link)
  • Strength of Evidence: (Category A/B/C) (Link)
  • Dosing Information/Recommendation
  • (Dosage)

Non–Guideline-Supported Use

Condition 1
  • Dosing Information
  • (Dosage)
Condition 2
  • Dosing Information
  • (Dosage)
Condition 3
  • Dosing Information
  • (Dosage)

Contraindications

  • Condition 1
  • Condition 2
  • Condition 3
  • Condition 4
  • Condition 5

Warnings

Warning Title
See full prescribing information for complete Boxed Warning.
Condition Name: (Content)
Conidition 1

(Description)

Adverse Reactions

Clinical Trials Experience

Central Nervous System
(list/description of adverse reactions)
Cardiovascular
(list/description of adverse reactions)
Respiratory
(list/description of adverse reactions)
Gastrointestinal
(list/description of adverse reactions)
Hypersensitive Reactions
(list/description of adverse reactions)
Miscellaneous
(list/description of adverse reactions)
Condition 2
Central Nervous System
(list/description of adverse reactions)
Cardiovascular
(list/description of adverse reactions)
Respiratory
(list/description of adverse reactions)
Gastrointestinal
(list/description of adverse reactions)
Hypersensitive Reactions
(list/description of adverse reactions)
Miscellaneous
(list/description of adverse reactions)

Postmarketing Experience

(Description)

Drug Interactions

  • Drug 1
  • Drug 2
  • Drug 3
  • Drug 4
  • Drug 5
Drug 1

(Description)

Drug 2

(Description)

Drug 3

(Description)

Drug 4

(Description)

Drug 5

(Description)

Use in Specific Populations

Pregnancy

Pregnancy Category (FDA): (Description)
Pregnancy Category (AUS): (Description)

Labor and Delivery

(Description)

Nursing Mothers

(Description)

Pediatric Use

(Description)

Geriatic Use

(Description)

Gender

(Description)

Race

(Description)

Renal Impairment

(Description)

Hepatic Impairment

(Description)

Females of Reproductive Potential and Males

(Description)

Immunocompromised Patients

(Description)

Others

(Description)

Administration and Monitoring

Administration

(Oral/Intravenous/etc)

Monitoring

Condition 1

(Description regarding monitoring, from Warnings section)

Condition 2

(Description regarding monitoring, from Warnings section)

Condition 3

(Description regarding monitoring, from Warnings section)

IV Compatibility

Solution

Compatible

  • Solution 1
  • Solution 2
  • Solution 3

Not Tested

  • Solution 1
  • Solution 2
  • Solution 3

Variable

  • Solution 1
  • Solution 2
  • Solution 3

Incompatible

  • Solution 1
  • Solution 2
  • Solution 3

Y-Site

Compatible

  • Solution 1
  • Solution 2
  • Solution 3

Not Tested

  • Solution 1
  • Solution 2
  • Solution 3

Variable

  • Solution 1
  • Solution 2
  • Solution 3

Incompatible

  • Solution 1
  • Solution 2
  • Solution 3

Admixture

Compatible

  • Solution 1
  • Solution 2
  • Solution 3

Not Tested

  • Solution 1
  • Solution 2
  • Solution 3

Variable

  • Solution 1
  • Solution 2
  • Solution 3

Incompatible

  • Solution 1
  • Solution 2
  • Solution 3

Syringe

Compatible

  • Solution 1
  • Solution 2
  • Solution 3

Not Tested

  • Solution 1
  • Solution 2
  • Solution 3

Variable

  • Solution 1
  • Solution 2
  • Solution 3

Incompatible

  • Solution 1
  • Solution 2
  • Solution 3

TPN/TNA

Compatible

  • Solution 1
  • Solution 2
  • Solution 3

Not Tested

  • Solution 1
  • Solution 2
  • Solution 3

Variable

  • Solution 1
  • Solution 2
  • Solution 3

Incompatible

  • Solution 1
  • Solution 2
  • Solution 3

Overdosage

Acute Overdose

Signs and Symptoms

(Description)

Management

(Description)

Chronic Overdose

Signs and Symptoms

(Description)

Management

(Description)

Pharmacology

Chemical structure of Adenosine
Adenosine
Systematic (IUPAC) name
?
Identifiers
CAS number ?
ATC code ?
PubChem ?
Chemical data
Formula ?
Mol. mass ?
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability ?
Metabolism ?
Half life ?
Excretion ?
Therapeutic considerations
Pregnancy cat.

?

Legal status
Routes ?

Mechanism of Action

(Description)

Structure

(Description with picture)

Pharmacodynamics

(Description)

Pharmacokinetics

(Description)

Nonclinical Toxicology

(Description)

Clinical Studies

Condition 1

(Description)

Condition 2

(Description)

Condition 3

(Description)

How Supplied

(Description)

Storage

There is limited information regarding Adenosine Storage in the drug label.

Images

Drug Images

{{#ask: Page Name::Adenosine |?Pill Name |?Drug Name |?Pill Ingred |?Pill Imprint |?Pill Dosage |?Pill Color |?Pill Shape |?Pill Size (mm) |?Pill Scoring |?NDC |?Drug Author |format=template |template=DrugPageImages |mainlabel=- |sort=Pill Name }}

Package and Label Display Panel

{{#ask: Label Page::Adenosine |?Label Name |format=template |template=DrugLabelImages |mainlabel=- |sort=Label Page }}

Patient Counseling Information

(Patient Counseling Information)

Precautions with Alcohol

Alcohol-Adenosine interaction has not been established. Talk to your doctor regarding the effects of taking alcohol with this medication.

Brand Names

There is limited information regarding Adenosine Brand Names in the drug label.

Look-Alike Drug Names

  • (Paired Confused Name 1a) — (Paired Confused Name 1b)
  • (Paired Confused Name 2a) — (Paired Confused Name 2b)
  • (Paired Confused Name 3a) — (Paired Confused Name 3b)

Drug Shortage Status

Drug Shortage

Price

References

The contents of this FDA label are provided by the National Library of Medicine.

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