Bubonic plague differential diagnosis: Difference between revisions
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Revision as of 23:39, 17 May 2014
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
There are many diseases that resemble the basic signs and symptoms of bubonic plague. Since bubonic plague has the ability to kill the majority of a population, it is an extremely concerning diagnosis. It is very important to check for these other diseases before a final diagnosis of bubonic plague is made. There are many other bacterial infections that could be mistaken for the bubonic plague.
Differentiating Bubonic Plague from other Diseases
Bubonic Plague
- Streptococcal or staphylococcal adenitis (Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus pyogenes)
- Purulent or inflamed lesion often noted distal to involved nodes (i.e., pustule, infected traumatic lesion).
- Involved nodes more likely to be fluctuant.
- Associated ascending lymphangitis or cellulitis may be present (generally not seen with plague).
- Mycobacterial infection, including scrofula (Mycobacterium tuberculosis and other Mycobacterium species)
- With scrofula, adenitis occurs in cervical region.
- Usually painless.
- Indolent clinical course.
- Infections with species other than M. tuberculosis more likely to occur in immunocompromised patients.
- Chancroid (Haemophilus ducreyi)
- Adenitis occurs in the inguinal region.
- Ulcerative lesion present.
- Systemic symptoms uncommon; toxicity does not occur.
- Primary genital herpes
- Herpes lesions present in genital area.
- Adenitis occurs in the inguinal region.
- Although patients may be ill (fever, headache), severe systemic toxicity not present.
- Primary or secondary syphilis (Treponema pallidum)
- Enlarged lymph nodes in the inguinal region.
- Lymph nodes generally painless.
- Chancre may be noted with primary syphilis.
- Strangulated inguinal hernias
- Evidence of bowel involvement.