Cardiogenic shock history and symptoms: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Attending to the catastrophic [[outcome]] of cardiogenic shock in a very short time span, its [[diagnosis]] must be reached as early as possible in order for proper [[therapy]] to be started. This period until [[diagnosis]] and [[therapy|treatment]] initiation is particularly important in the case of cardiogenic shock since the [[mortality rate]] of this condition complicating acute-[[MI]] is very high, along with the fact that the ability to revert the damage caused, through [[reperfusion]] techniques, declines considerably with [[diagnostic]] delays. Therefore and due to the unstable state of these patients, the [[diagnostic]] evaluations are usually performed as supportive measures are initiated. The [[diagnostic]] measures should start with the proper history and [[physical examination]], including [[blood pressure]] beasurements, followed by an [[EKG]], [[chest x-ray]] and collection of [[blood]] samples for evaluation. The physician should have in mind the common features of [[shock]], irrespective of the type of [[shock]], in order to avoid delays in the [[diagnosis]]. Although not all [[shock]] patients present in the same way, these features include: abnormal [[mental status]], [[cool extremities]], [[clammy skin]], manifestations of [[hypoperfusion]], such as [[hypotension]], [[oliguria]] and evidence of [[metabolic acidosis]] on the [[blood]] results. | Attending to the catastrophic [[outcome]] of cardiogenic shock in a very short time span, its [[diagnosis]] must be reached as early as possible in order for proper [[therapy]] to be started. This period until [[diagnosis]] and [[therapy|treatment]] initiation is particularly important in the case of cardiogenic shock since the [[mortality rate]] of this condition complicating acute-[[MI]] is very high, along with the fact that the ability to revert the damage caused, through [[reperfusion]] techniques, declines considerably with [[diagnostic]] delays. Therefore and due to the unstable state of these patients, the [[diagnostic]] evaluations are usually performed as supportive measures are initiated. The [[diagnostic]] measures should start with the proper history and [[physical examination]], including [[blood pressure]] beasurements, followed by an [[EKG]], [[chest x-ray]] and collection of [[blood]] samples for evaluation. The physician should have in mind the common features of [[shock]], irrespective of the type of [[shock]], in order to avoid delays in the [[diagnosis]]. Although not all [[shock]] patients present in the same way, these features include: abnormal [[mental status]], [[cool extremities]], [[clammy skin]], manifestations of [[hypoperfusion]], such as [[hypotension]], [[oliguria]] and evidence of [[metabolic acidosis]] on the [[blood]] results.<ref>{{Cite book | last1 = Longo | first1 = Dan L. (Dan Louis) | title = Harrison's principles of internal medici | date = 2012 | publisher = McGraw-Hill | location = New York | isbn = 978-0-07-174889-6 | pages = }}</ref> | ||
== History and Symptoms == | == History and Symptoms == | ||
Revision as of 16:08, 22 May 2014
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: João André Alves Silva, M.D. [2]
Overview
Overview
Attending to the catastrophic outcome of cardiogenic shock in a very short time span, its diagnosis must be reached as early as possible in order for proper therapy to be started. This period until diagnosis and treatment initiation is particularly important in the case of cardiogenic shock since the mortality rate of this condition complicating acute-MI is very high, along with the fact that the ability to revert the damage caused, through reperfusion techniques, declines considerably with diagnostic delays. Therefore and due to the unstable state of these patients, the diagnostic evaluations are usually performed as supportive measures are initiated. The diagnostic measures should start with the proper history and physical examination, including blood pressure beasurements, followed by an EKG, chest x-ray and collection of blood samples for evaluation. The physician should have in mind the common features of shock, irrespective of the type of shock, in order to avoid delays in the diagnosis. Although not all shock patients present in the same way, these features include: abnormal mental status, cool extremities, clammy skin, manifestations of hypoperfusion, such as hypotension, oliguria and evidence of metabolic acidosis on the blood results.[1]
History and Symptoms
- Anxiety, agitation, restlessness, and an altered mental state including flacid coma may be present due to decreased cerebral perfusion and ensuing hypoxia.
- Fatigue may be present due to the work of breathing and hypoxia.
References
- ↑ Longo, Dan L. (Dan Louis) (2012). Harrison's principles of internal medici. New York: McGraw-Hill. ISBN 978-0-07-174889-6.