Pulmonary embolism laboratory findings: Difference between revisions
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==Laboratory Findings== | ==Laboratory Findings== | ||
===D-dimer Test=== | |||
*Plasma [[D-dimer]] | *Plasma [[D-dimer]] | ||
**Plasma D-dimer>500 ng/ml, PE present (Found to be 97% sensitive and 45% specific) | **Plasma D-dimer>500 ng/ml, PE present (Found to be 97% sensitive and 45% specific) | ||
**Plasma D-dimer<500 excludes PE (Have a high negative predictive value) | **Plasma D-dimer<500 excludes PE (Have a high negative predictive value) | ||
===Routine Blood Tests=== | |||
*[[Pulmonary embolism arterial blood gas analysis]] | |||
*In patients with acute pulmonary embolism, routine laboratory findings are non-specific and include: | |||
:*[[Leukocytosis]] | |||
:*[[erythrocyte sedimentation rate|Elevated ESR]] with an elevated [[LDH|serum LDH]] and [[transaminases|serum transaminase]] (especially [[Aspartate transaminase|AST or SGOT]]) | |||
:*[[bilirubin|Serum bilirubin]] levels are found to be within normal limits | |||
===Workup for Hypercoagulability=== | |||
*Workup for [[hypercoagulation]]: which include | *Workup for [[hypercoagulation]]: which include | ||
**Activated [[protein C]] resistance | **Activated [[protein C]] resistance | ||
| Line 22: | Line 29: | ||
**[[Anticardiolipin antibodies]] | **[[Anticardiolipin antibodies]] | ||
**Plasma [[homocysteine]] values | **Plasma [[homocysteine]] values | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 15:39, 18 June 2014
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Pulmonary Embolism Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Pulmonary Embolism Assessment of Probability of Subsequent VTE and Risk Scores |
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Treatment |
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Follow-Up |
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Special Scenario |
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Trials |
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Case Studies |
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Pulmonary embolism laboratory findings On the Web |
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Directions to Hospitals Treating Pulmonary embolism laboratory findings |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Pulmonary embolism laboratory findings |
Editor(s)-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1], The APEX Trial Investigators; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:
Overview
The results of routine laboratory tests including arterial blood gas analysis are non-specific in making the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism. These laboratory studies can be obtained to rule-out other cause of chest discomfort and tachypnea. In patients with acute pulmonary embolism, non-specific lab findings include: leukocytosis, elevated ESR with an elevated serum LDH and serum transaminase (especially AST or SGOT). A negative D-dimer in a patient with low to intermediate probability of pulmonary embolism strongly suggests pulmonary embolism is not present.
Laboratory Findings
D-dimer Test
- Plasma D-dimer
- Plasma D-dimer>500 ng/ml, PE present (Found to be 97% sensitive and 45% specific)
- Plasma D-dimer<500 excludes PE (Have a high negative predictive value)
Routine Blood Tests
- Pulmonary embolism arterial blood gas analysis
- In patients with acute pulmonary embolism, routine laboratory findings are non-specific and include:
- Leukocytosis
- Elevated ESR with an elevated serum LDH and serum transaminase (especially AST or SGOT)
- Serum bilirubin levels are found to be within normal limits
Workup for Hypercoagulability
- Workup for hypercoagulation: which include
- Activated protein C resistance
- Factor V Leiden mutation
- Protein C
- protein S, free and total.
- Antithrombin
- Lupus anticoagulant
- Anticardiolipin antibodies
- Plasma homocysteine values