Procaine: Difference between revisions

Jump to navigation Jump to search
Chetan Lokhande (talk | contribs)
No edit summary
Chetan Lokhande (talk | contribs)
No edit summary
Line 1: Line 1:
{{DrugProjectFormSinglePage
{{DrugProjectFormSinglePage
|authorTag={{chetan}}
|authorTag={{chetan}}
|genericName=Procaine
|aOrAn=a
|drugClass=local anesthetic
|indication=local Anesthetic for local infiltration and peripheral nerve block
|adverseReactions=MYOCARDIAL DEPRESSION, HYPOTENSION and sometimes HYPERTENSION, BRADYCARDIA, VENTRICULAR ARRHYTHMIAS, and CARDIAC ARREST,NAUSEA/VOMITING CUTANEOUS LESIONS of delayed onset, URTICARIA, and EDEMA related to ALLERGIC REACTIONS ,NERVOUSNESS, DIZZINESS, BLURRED VISION, and TREMORS may occur due to systemic toxicity; however, DROWSINESS or CONVULSIONS with subsequent unconsciousness and RESPIRATORY ARREST
|blackBoxWarningTitle=<b><span style="color:#FF0000;">TITLE</span></b>
|blackBoxWarningTitle=<b><span style="color:#FF0000;">TITLE</span></b>
|blackBoxWarningBody=<i><span style="color:#FF0000;">Condition Name:</span></i> (Content)
|blackBoxWarningBody=<i><span style="color:#FF0000;">Condition Name:</span></i> (Content)

Revision as of 15:13, 30 June 2014

Procaine
Adult Indications & Dosage
Pediatric Indications & Dosage
Contraindications
Warnings & Precautions
Adverse Reactions
Drug Interactions
Use in Specific Populations
Administration & Monitoring
Overdosage
Pharmacology
Clinical Studies
How Supplied
Images
Patient Counseling Information
Precautions with Alcohol
Brand Names
Look-Alike Names

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Chetan Lokhande, M.B.B.S [2]

Disclaimer

WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an educational tool, not a tool for any form of healthcare delivery. The educational content on WikiDoc drug pages is based upon the FDA package insert, National Library of Medicine content and practice guidelines / consensus statements. WikiDoc does not promote the administration of any medication or device that is not consistent with its labeling. Please read our full disclaimer here.

Overview

Procaine is a local anesthetic that is FDA approved for the {{{indicationType}}} of local Anesthetic for local infiltration and peripheral nerve block. Common adverse reactions include MYOCARDIAL DEPRESSION, HYPOTENSION and sometimes HYPERTENSION, BRADYCARDIA, VENTRICULAR ARRHYTHMIAS, and CARDIAC ARREST,NAUSEA/VOMITING CUTANEOUS LESIONS of delayed onset, URTICARIA, and EDEMA related to ALLERGIC REACTIONS ,NERVOUSNESS, DIZZINESS, BLURRED VISION, and TREMORS may occur due to systemic toxicity; however, DROWSINESS or CONVULSIONS with subsequent unconsciousness and RESPIRATORY ARREST.

Adult Indications and Dosage

FDA-Labeled Indications and Dosage (Adult)

There is limited information regarding Procaine FDA-Labeled Indications and Dosage (Adult) in the drug label.

Off-Label Use and Dosage (Adult)

Guideline-Supported Use

There is limited information regarding Off-Label Guideline-Supported Use of Procaine in adult patients.

Non–Guideline-Supported Use

There is limited information regarding Off-Label Non–Guideline-Supported Use of Procaine in adult patients.

Pediatric Indications and Dosage

FDA-Labeled Indications and Dosage (Pediatric)

There is limited information regarding Procaine FDA-Labeled Indications and Dosage (Pediatric) in the drug label.

Off-Label Use and Dosage (Pediatric)

Guideline-Supported Use

There is limited information regarding Off-Label Guideline-Supported Use of Procaine in pediatric patients.

Non–Guideline-Supported Use

There is limited information regarding Off-Label Non–Guideline-Supported Use of Procaine in pediatric patients.

Contraindications

There is limited information regarding Procaine Contraindications in the drug label.

Warnings

There is limited information regarding Procaine Warnings' in the drug label.

Adverse Reactions

Clinical Trials Experience

There is limited information regarding Procaine Clinical Trials Experience in the drug label.

Postmarketing Experience

There is limited information regarding Procaine Postmarketing Experience in the drug label.

Drug Interactions

There is limited information regarding Procaine Drug Interactions in the drug label.

Use in Specific Populations

Pregnancy

Pregnancy Category (FDA): There is no FDA guidance on usage of Procaine in women who are pregnant.
Pregnancy Category (AUS): There is no Australian Drug Evaluation Committee (ADEC) guidance on usage of Procaine in women who are pregnant.

Labor and Delivery

There is no FDA guidance on use of Procaine during labor and delivery.

Nursing Mothers

There is no FDA guidance on the use of Procaine in women who are nursing.

Pediatric Use

There is no FDA guidance on the use of Procaine in pediatric settings.

Geriatic Use

There is no FDA guidance on the use of Procaine in geriatric settings.

Gender

There is no FDA guidance on the use of Procaine with respect to specific gender populations.

Race

There is no FDA guidance on the use of Procaine with respect to specific racial populations.

Renal Impairment

There is no FDA guidance on the use of Procaine in patients with renal impairment.

Hepatic Impairment

There is no FDA guidance on the use of Procaine in patients with hepatic impairment.

Females of Reproductive Potential and Males

There is no FDA guidance on the use of Procaine in women of reproductive potentials and males.

Immunocompromised Patients

There is no FDA guidance one the use of Procaine in patients who are immunocompromised.

Administration and Monitoring

Administration

There is limited information regarding Procaine Administration in the drug label.

Monitoring

There is limited information regarding Procaine Monitoring in the drug label.

IV Compatibility

There is limited information regarding the compatibility of Procaine and IV administrations.

Overdosage

There is limited information regarding Procaine overdosage. If you suspect drug poisoning or overdose, please contact the National Poison Help hotline (1-800-222-1222) immediately.

Pharmacology

There is limited information regarding Procaine Pharmacology in the drug label.

Mechanism of Action

There is limited information regarding Procaine Mechanism of Action in the drug label.

Structure

There is limited information regarding Procaine Structure in the drug label.

Pharmacodynamics

There is limited information regarding Procaine Pharmacodynamics in the drug label.

Pharmacokinetics

There is limited information regarding Procaine Pharmacokinetics in the drug label.

Nonclinical Toxicology

There is limited information regarding Procaine Nonclinical Toxicology in the drug label.

Clinical Studies

There is limited information regarding Procaine Clinical Studies in the drug label.

How Supplied

There is limited information regarding Procaine How Supplied in the drug label.

Storage

There is limited information regarding Procaine Storage in the drug label.

Images

Drug Images

{{#ask: Page Name::Procaine |?Pill Name |?Drug Name |?Pill Ingred |?Pill Imprint |?Pill Dosage |?Pill Color |?Pill Shape |?Pill Size (mm) |?Pill Scoring |?NDC |?Drug Author |format=template |template=DrugPageImages |mainlabel=- |sort=Pill Name }}

Package and Label Display Panel

{{#ask: Label Page::Procaine |?Label Name |format=template |template=DrugLabelImages |mainlabel=- |sort=Label Page }}

Patient Counseling Information

There is limited information regarding Procaine Patient Counseling Information in the drug label.

Precautions with Alcohol

Alcohol-Procaine interaction has not been established. Talk to your doctor about the effects of taking alcohol with this medication.

Brand Names

There is limited information regarding Procaine Brand Names in the drug label.

Look-Alike Drug Names

There is limited information regarding Procaine Look-Alike Drug Names in the drug label.

Drug Shortage Status

Price

References

The contents of this FDA label are provided by the National Library of Medicine.

Please Take Over This Page and Apply to be Editor-In-Chief for this topic: There can be one or more than one Editor-In-Chief. You may also apply to be an Associate Editor-In-Chief of one of the subtopics below. Please mail us [3] to indicate your interest in serving either as an Editor-In-Chief of the entire topic or as an Associate Editor-In-Chief for a subtopic. Please be sure to attach your CV and or biographical sketch.

Overview

Procaine
Clinical data
Pregnancy
category
  • AU: B2
  • US: C (Risk not ruled out)
Routes of
administration
Parenteral
ATC code
Legal status
Legal status
  • AU: S4 (Prescription only)
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailabilityn/a
MetabolismHydrolysis by plasma esterases
Elimination half-life40–84 seconds
ExcretionRenal
Identifiers
CAS Number
PubChem CID
DrugBank
E number{{#property:P628}}
ECHA InfoCard{{#property:P2566}}Lua error in Module:EditAtWikidata at line 36: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value).
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC13H20N2O2
Molar mass236.31 g/mol

WikiDoc Resources for Procaine

Articles

Most recent articles on Procaine

Most cited articles on Procaine

Review articles on Procaine

Articles on Procaine in N Eng J Med, Lancet, BMJ

Media

Powerpoint slides on Procaine

Images of Procaine

Photos of Procaine

Podcasts & MP3s on Procaine

Videos on Procaine

Evidence Based Medicine

Cochrane Collaboration on Procaine

Bandolier on Procaine

TRIP on Procaine

Clinical Trials

Ongoing Trials on Procaine at Clinical Trials.gov

Trial results on Procaine

Clinical Trials on Procaine at Google

Guidelines / Policies / Govt

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse on Procaine

NICE Guidance on Procaine

NHS PRODIGY Guidance

FDA on Procaine

CDC on Procaine

Books

Books on Procaine

News

Procaine in the news

Be alerted to news on Procaine

News trends on Procaine

Commentary

Blogs on Procaine

Definitions

Definitions of Procaine

Patient Resources / Community

Patient resources on Procaine

Discussion groups on Procaine

Patient Handouts on Procaine

Directions to Hospitals Treating Procaine

Risk calculators and risk factors for Procaine

Healthcare Provider Resources

Symptoms of Procaine

Causes & Risk Factors for Procaine

Diagnostic studies for Procaine

Treatment of Procaine

Continuing Medical Education (CME)

CME Programs on Procaine

International

Procaine en Espanol

Procaine en Francais

Business

Procaine in the Marketplace

Patents on Procaine

Experimental / Informatics

List of terms related to Procaine

Procaine is a local anesthetic drug of the amino ester group. It is used primarily to reduce the pain of intramuscular injection of penicillin, and is also used in dentistry. Owing to the ubiquity of the trade name Novocain, procaine is sometimes referred to generically as novocaine or novacaine.

Procaine was first synthesized in 1905, and was the first injectable man-made local anesthetic used. It was created by the German chemist Alfred Einhorn (1857–1917) who gave the chemical the trade name Novocaine, from the Latin Novus (meaning New) and caine, a common ending for alkaloids used as anesthetics. It was introduced into medical use by surgeon Heinrich Braun (1862–1934).

Procaine is used less frequently today since more effective (and hypoallergenic) alternatives such as lidocaine (xylocaine) exist. Prior to the discovery of procaine, cocaine was the most commonly used local anesthetic. Procaine (like cocaine) has the advantage of constricting blood vessels, which reduces bleeding, unlike other local anesthetics like lidocaine, and without the euphoric and addictive qualities of cocaine.

Procaine, an ester anesthetic, is metabolized in the plasma by the enzyme pseudocholinesterase through hydrolysis into para-amino benzoic acid (PABA), which is then excreted by the kidneys into the urine. Allergic reactions to procaine are usually not in response to procaine itself, but to PABA. About 1 in 3000 people have an atypical form of pseudocholinesterase, which doesn't hydrolyze ester anesthetics such as procaine, resulting in a prolonged period of high levels of the anesthetic in the blood and increased toxicity.

Procaine is the primary ingredient in the controversial preparation Gerovital H3, which is claimed by its advocates to remedy many effects of aging. The mainstream medical view is that these claims were seriously studied and discredited in the 1960s.

See also

Template:SIB Template:Vasoprotectives

de:Procain it:Procaina nl:Novocaïne simple:Procaine sv:Prokain

Template:WH Template:WS Template:Jb1