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Betaxolol
BETOPTIC^® FDA Package Insert
Indications and Usage
Dosage and Administration
Contraindications
Warnings and Precautions
Adverse Reactions
Drug Interactions
Use in Specific Populations
Overdosage
Description
Clinical Pharmacology
Nonclinical Toxicology
Clinical Studies
How Supplied/Storage and Handling
Clinical Trials on Betaxolol
ClinicalTrials.gov

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sheng Shi, M.D. [2]

For patient information about Betaxolol, click here

Synonyms / Brand Names: BETOPTIC^®

Overview

Betaxolol (trade names Betoptic, Betoptic S, Lokren, Kerlone) is a selective beta₁ receptor blocker used in the treatment of hypertension and glaucoma. Being selective for beta₁ receptors, it typically has fewer systemicside effects than non-selective beta-blockers, for example, not causing bronchospasm (mediated by beta₂receptors) as timolol may. Betaxolol also shows greater affininty for beta₁ receptors than metoprolol. In addition to its effect on the heart, betaxolol reduces the pressure within the eye (intraocular pressure). This effect is thought to be caused by reducing the production of the liquid (which is called the aqueous humor) within the eye. The precise mechanism of this effect is not known. The reduction in intraocular pressure reduces the risk of damage to the optic nerve and loss of vision in patients with elevated intraocular pressure due to glaucoma.

Betaxolol was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for ocular use as a 0.5% solution (Betoptic) in 1985 and as a 0.25% solution (Betoptic S) in 1989.

FDA Package Insert

Mechanism of Action

The mechanism of action has not been definitively established. Possible factors that may be involved include: (1) decreased heart rate, (2) decreased myocardial contractility, (3) diminution of tonic sympathetic outflow to the periphery from cerebral vasomotor centers, (4) suppression of renin activity and (5) vasodilation and decreased peripheral vascular resistance.

References

Template:WikiDoc Sources

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 __NOTOC__
-{{Atenolol}}
+{{Betaxolol}}
 {{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{SS}}
-'''''For patient information about Atenolol, click [[Atenolol (patient information)|here]].'''''
+'''''For patient information about Betaxolol, click [[Betaxolol (patient information)|here]]'''''
-{{SB}} TENORMIN<sup>®</sup>
+{{SB}} BETOPTIC<sup>®</sup>
 ==Overview==
+'''Betaxolol''' (trade names '''Betoptic''', '''Betoptic S''', '''Lokren''', '''Kerlone''') is a selective [[beta blocker|beta<sub>1</sub> receptor blocker]] used in the treatment of [[hypertension]] and [[glaucoma]]. Being selective for beta<sub>1</sub> receptors, it typically has fewer systemic[[adverse drug reaction|side effect]]s than non-selective beta-blockers, for example, not causing [[bronchospasm]] (mediated by beta<sub>2</sub>receptors) as [[timolol]] may.  Betaxolol also shows greater affininty for beta<sub>1</sub> receptors than [[metoprolol]]. In addition to its effect on the heart, betaxolol reduces the pressure within the eye ([[intraocular pressure]]). This effect is thought to be caused by reducing the production of the liquid (which is called the [[aqueous humor]]) within the eye. The precise mechanism of this effect is not known. The reduction in intraocular pressure reduces the risk of damage to the [[optic nerve]] and loss of vision in patients with elevated intraocular pressure due to [[glaucoma]].
-'''Atenolol''' is a selective [[beta-1 receptor|β<sub>1</sub> receptor]] [[receptor antagonist|antagonist]], a [[drug]] belonging to the group of [[beta blocker]]s (sometimes written β-blockers), a class of drugs used primarily in [[cardiovascular disease]]s. Introduced in 1976, atenolol was developed as a replacement for [[propranolol]] in the treatment of [[hypertension]]. The chemical works by slowing down the heart and reducing its workload. Unlike propranolol, atenolol does not pass through the blood–brain barrier thus avoiding various [[central nervous system]] side effects.<ref name="BBB">{{cite journal |author=Agon P, Goethals P, Van Haver D, Kaufman JM |title=Permeability of the blood–brain barrier for atenolol studied by positron emission tomography |journal=J. Pharm. Pharmacol. |volume=43 |issue=8 |pages=597–600 |date=August 1991 |pmid=1681079 |doi= 10.1111/j.2042-7158.1991.tb03545.x|url= }}</ref>
+Betaxolol was approved by the U.S. [[Food and Drug Administration]] (FDA) for ocular use as a 0.5% solution ('''Betoptic''') in 1985 and as a 0.25% solution ('''Betoptic S''') in 1989.
-Atenolol is one of the most widely used β-blockers in the United Kingdom and was once the first-line treatment for hypertension. The role for β-blockers in hypertension was downgraded in June 2006 in the United Kingdom to fourth-line, as they perform less appropriately or effectively than newer drugs, particularly in the elderly.
 ==Category==
+Cardiovascular Drugs:Beta blockers
-Beta blockers
 ==FDA Package Insert==
-====TENORMIN (atenolol) tablet====
+'''| [[Betaxolol indications and usage|Indications and Usage]]'''
+'''| [[Betaxolol dosage and administration|Dosage and Administration]]'''
-'''  [[Atenolol indications and usage|Indications and Usage]]'''
+'''| [[Betaxolol contraindications|Contraindications]]'''
-'''| [[Atenolol dosage and administration|Dosage and Administration]]'''
+'''| [[Betaxolol warnings and precautions|Warnings and Precautions]]'''
-'''| [[Atenolol contraindications|Contraindications]]'''
+'''| [[Betaxolol adverse reactions|Adverse Reactions]]'''
-'''| [[Atenolol warnings and precautions|Warnings and Precautions]]'''
+'''| [[Betaxolol drug interactions|Drug Interactions]]'''
-'''| [[Atenolol adverse reactions|Adverse Reactions]]'''
+'''| [[Betaxolol use in specific populations|Use in Specific Populations]]'''
-'''| [[Atenolol drug interactions|Drug Interactions]]'''
+'''| [[Betaxolol overdosage|Overdosage]]'''
-'''| [[Atenolol use in specific populations|Use in Specific Populations]]'''
+'''| [[Betaxolol description|Description]]'''
-'''| [[Atenolol overdosage|Overdosage]]'''
+'''| [[Betaxolol clinical pharmacology|Clinical Pharmacology]]'''
-'''| [[Atenolol description|Description]]'''
+'''| [[Betaxolol nonclinical toxicology|Nonclinical Toxicology]]'''
-'''| [[Atenolol clinical pharmacology|Clinical Pharmacology]]'''
+'''| [[Betaxolol clinical studies|Clinical Studies]]'''
-'''| [[Atenolol nonclinical toxicology|Nonclinical Toxicology]]'''
+'''| [[Betaxolol how supplied storage and handling|How Supplied/Storage and Handling]]'''
-'''| [[Atenolol how supplied storage and handling|How Supplied/Storage and Handling]]'''
-'''| [[Atenolol labels and packages|Labels and Packages]]'''
-{|
-| [[File:Atenolol01.jpg|thumb|800px]]
-|}
-===Pill Images===
-{{TempDrugImages}}
-{{PillImage|fileName=TENORETIC_NDC_03100115.jpg|drugName=TENORETIC|NDC=03100115|drugAuthor=AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP|ingredients=ATENOLOL[ATENOLOL];CHLORTHALIDONE[CHLORTHALIDONE]|pillImprint=TENORETIC;115|dosageValue=50|dosageUnit=mg|pillColor=White|pillShape=Round|pillSize=8|pillScore=2}}
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-{{PillImage|fileName=Atenolol_and_Chlorthalidone_NDC_05915782.jpg|drugName=Atenolol and Chlorthalidone|NDC=05915782|drugAuthor=Watson Laboratories, Inc.|ingredients=ATENOLOL[ATENOLOL];CHLORTHALIDONE[CHLORTHALIDONE]|pillImprint=DAN;5782|dosageValue=50|dosageUnit=mg|pillColor=White|pillShape=Round|pillSize=8|pillScore=2}}
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-{{PillImage|fileName=Atenolol_NDC_683820024.jpg|drugName=Atenolol|NDC=683820024|drugAuthor=Zydus Pharmaceuticals (USA) Inc.|ingredients=ATENOLOL[ATENOLOL]|pillImprint=Z;67|dosageValue=100|dosageUnit=mg|pillColor=White|pillShape=Round|pillSize=10|pillScore=1}}
 ==Mechanism of Action==
+The mechanism of action has not been definitively established. Possible factors that may be involved include: (1) decreased heart rate, (2) decreased myocardial contractility, (3) diminution of tonic sympathetic outflow to the periphery from cerebral vasomotor centers, (4) suppression of renin activity and (5) vasodilation and decreased peripheral vascular resistance.
-The mechanisms of the antihypertensive effects of beta-blocking agents have not been established. Several possible mechanisms have been proposed and include: (1) competitive antagonism of catecholamines at peripheral (especially cardiac) adrenergic neuron sites, leading to decreased cardiac output, (2) a central effect leading to reduced sympathetic outflow to the periphery, and (3) suppression of renin activity.
+==References==
-==References==
+{{Reflist|2}}
-{{Reflist|2}}
 [[Category:Beta blockers]]
 [[Category:Cardiovascular Drugs]]
 [[Category:Drugs]]
+{{WikiDoc Help Menu}}
+{{WikiDoc Sources}}