Clonidine: Difference between revisions

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__NOTOC__
{{DrugProjectFormSinglePage
{{Clonidine}}
|genericName=generic name
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{PB}}
|aOrAn=a
|drugClass=Adrenergic receptor agonist
|indication=a list of indications, separated by commas.
|hasBlackBoxWarning=Yes
|adverseReactions=a list of adverse reactions, separated by commas.
|blackBoxWarningTitle=Warning Title
|blackBoxWarningBody=<i><span style="color:#FF0000;">Condition Name:</span></i> (Content)
|fdaLIADAdult======Condition 1=====


'''''For patient information about Clonidine, click [[Clonidine (patient information)|here]]'''''
* Dosing Information


{{SB}}
:* (Dosage)


==Overview==
=====Condition 2=====


Not to be confused with [[clomifene]], [[clonazepam]] ([[Klonopin]]), or [[clozapine]].
* Dosing Information


Clonidine (trade names Catapres, Kapvay, Nexiclon and others) is a sympatholytic medication used to treat high blood pressure, [[ADHD]], [[anxiety]]/[[panic disorder]], and certain pain conditions. It is classified as a centrally acting α2 adrenergic agonist. An alternative hypothesis that has been proposed is that clonidine acts centrally as an [[imidazoline]] receptor agonist.
:* (Dosage)
|offLabelAdultGuideSupport======Condition 1=====


==Category==
* Developed by: (Organisation)


Anti Migraine Preparation.
* Class of Recommendation: (Class) (Link)


====CATAPRES====
* Strength of Evidence: (Category A/B/C) (Link)


'''  [[CATAPRES indications and usage|Indications and Usage]]'''
* Dosing Information/Recommendation
'''| [[CATAPRES dosage and administration|Dosage and Administration]]'''
'''| [[CATAPRES dosage forms and strengths|Dosage Forms and Strengths]]'''
'''| [[CATAPRES contraindications|Contraindications]]'''
'''| [[CATAPRES warnings and precautions|Warnings and Precautions]]'''
'''| [[CATAPRES adverse reactions|Adverse Reactions]]'''
'''| [[CATAPRES drug interactions|Drug Interactions]]'''
'''| [[CATAPRES use in specific populations|Use in Specific Populations]]'''
'''| [[CATAPRES overdosage|Overdosage]]'''
'''| [[CATAPRES description|Description]]'''
'''| [[CATAPRES clinical pharmacology|Clinical Pharmacology]]'''
'''| [[CATAPRES nonclinical toxicology|Nonclinical Toxicology]]'''
'''| [[CATAPRES clinical studies|Clinical Studies]]'''
'''| [[CATAPRES how supplied storage and handling|How Supplied/Storage and Handling]]'''
'''| [[CATAPRES patient counseling information|Patient Counseling Information]]'''
'''| [[CATAPRES labels and packages|Labels and Packages]]'''


====CLONIDINE patch====
:* (Dosage)


'''| [[CLONIDINE patch indications and usage|Indications and Usage]]'''
=====Condition 2=====
'''| [[CLONIDINE patch dosage and administration|Dosage and Administration]]'''
'''| [[CLONIDINE patch dosage forms and strengths|Dosage Forms and Strengths]]'''
'''| [[CLONIDINE patch contraindications|Contraindications]]'''
'''| [[CLONIDINE patch warnings and precautions|Warnings and Precautions]]'''
'''| [[CLONIDINE patch adverse reactions|Adverse Reactions]]'''
'''| [[CLONIDINE patch drug interactions|Drug Interactions]]'''
'''| [[CLONIDINE patch use in specific populations|Use in Specific Populations]]'''
'''| [[CLONIDINE patch overdosage|Overdosage]]'''
'''| [[CLONIDINE patch description|Description]]'''
'''| [[CLONIDINE patch clinical pharmacology|Clinical Pharmacology]]'''
'''| [[CLONIDINE patch nonclinical toxicology|Nonclinical Toxicology]]'''
'''| [[CLONIDINE patch clinical studies|Clinical Studies]]'''
'''| [[CLONIDINE patch how supplied storage and handling|How Supplied/Storage and Handling]]'''
'''| [[CLONIDINE patch patient counseling information|Patient Counseling Information]]'''
'''| [[CLONIDINE patch labels and packages|Labels and Packages]]'''


====DURACLON====
* Developed by: (Organisation)


'''| [[DURACLON indications and usage|Indications and Usage]]'''
* Class of Recommendation: (Class) (Link)
'''| [[DURACLON dosage and administration|Dosage and Administration]]'''
'''| [[DURACLON dosage forms and strengths|Dosage Forms and Strengths]]'''
'''| [[DURACLON contraindications|Contraindications]]'''
'''| [[DURACLON warnings and precautions|Warnings and Precautions]]'''
'''| [[DURACLON adverse reactions|Adverse Reactions]]'''
'''| [[DURACLON drug interactions|Drug Interactions]]'''
'''| [[DURACLON use in specific populations|Use in Specific Populations]]'''
'''| [[DURACLON overdosage|Overdosage]]'''
'''| [[DURACLON description|Description]]'''
'''| [[DURACLON clinical pharmacology|Clinical Pharmacology]]'''
'''| [[DURACLON nonclinical toxicology|Nonclinical Toxicology]]'''
'''| [[DURACLON clinical studies|Clinical Studies]]'''
'''| [[DURACLON how supplied storage and handling|How Supplied/Storage and Handling]]'''
'''| [[DURACLON patient counseling information|Patient Counseling Information]]'''
'''| [[DURACLON labels and packages|Labels and Packages]]'''


==Mechanism of action==
* Strength of Evidence: (Category A/B/C) (Link)
Clonidine treats high blood pressure by stimulating [[Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor|α<sub>2</sub>-receptors]] in the brain, which decreases [[peripheral vascular resistance]], lowering blood pressure. It has specificity towards the [[presynaptic]] α<sub>2</sub>-receptors in the vasomotor center in the [[brainstem]]. This binding decreases presynaptic [[calcium]] levels, thus inhibiting the release of [[norepinephrine]] (NE). The net effect is a decrease in sympathetic tone.


It has also been proposed that the antihypertensive effect of clonidine is due to agonism on the I<sub>1</sub>-receptor ([[imidazoline receptor]]), which mediates the sympatho-inhibitory actions of imidazolines to lower blood pressure.
* Dosing Information/Recommendation


Its mechanism of action in the treatment of [[ADHD]] is to increase noradrenergic tone in the [[prefrontal cortex]] (PFC) directly by binding to postsynaptic [[alpha-2A adrenergic receptor|α<sub>2A</sub> adrenergic receptors]] and indirectly by increasing [[norepinephrine]] input from the [[locus coeruleus]].<ref name="dailymed.nlm.nih.gov">{{Cite web  | last = | first = | title = CATAPRES (CLONIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE) TABLET [BOEHRINGER INGELHEIM PHARMACEUTICALS INC.] | url = http://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/lookup.cfm?setid=d7f569dc-6bed-42dc-9bec-940a9e6b090d | publisher = | date = | accessdate = 5 February 2014 }}</ref>
:* (Dosage)
|offLabelAdultNoGuideSupport======Condition 1=====


{| class="wikitable"
* Dosing Information
! Receptor !! K<sub>i</sub> (nM)
|-
| [[Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor|α<sub>1A</sub>]] || 316.2278
|-
| [[Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor|α<sub>1B</sub>]] || 316.2278
|-
| [[Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor|α<sub>1D</sub>]] || 125.8925
|-
| [[Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor|α<sub>2A</sub>]] || 42.92
|-
| [[Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor|α<sub>2B</sub>]] || 106.31
|-
| [[Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor|α<sub>2C</sub>]] || 233.1
|}


==References==
:* (Dosage)


{{Reflist|2}}
=====Condition 2=====


[[Category:Cardiovascular Drugs]]
* Dosing Information
[[Category:Drugs]]
 
:* (Dosage)
 
=====Condition 3=====
 
* Dosing Information
 
:* (Dosage)
|fdaLIADPed======Condition 1=====
 
* Dosing Information
 
:* (Dosage)
 
=====Condition 2=====
 
* Dosing Information
 
:* (Dosage)
|offLabelPedGuideSupport======Condition 1=====
 
* Developed by: (Organisation)
 
* Class of Recommendation: (Class) (Link)
 
* Strength of Evidence: (Category A/B/C) (Link)
 
* Dosing Information/Recommendation
 
:* (Dosage)
 
=====Condition 2=====
 
* Developed by: (Organisation)
 
* Class of Recommendation: (Class) (Link)
 
* Strength of Evidence: (Category A/B/C) (Link)
 
* Dosing Information/Recommendation
 
:* (Dosage)
|offLabelPedNoGuideSupport======Condition 1=====
 
* Dosing Information
 
:* (Dosage)
 
=====Condition 2=====
 
* Dosing Information
 
:* (Dosage)
 
=====Condition 3=====
 
* Dosing Information
 
:* (Dosage)
|contraindications=* Condition 1
* Condition 2
* Condition 3
* Condition 4
* Condition 5
|warnings======Conidition 1=====
 
(Description)
 
|clinicalTrials=======Central Nervous System======
 
: (list/description of adverse reactions)
 
======Cardiovascular======
 
: (list/description of adverse reactions)
 
======Respiratory======
 
: (list/description of adverse reactions)
 
======Gastrointestinal======
 
: (list/description of adverse reactions)
 
======Hypersensitive Reactions======
 
: (list/description of adverse reactions)
 
======Miscellaneous======
 
: (list/description of adverse reactions)
 
=====Condition 2=====
 
======Central Nervous System======
 
: (list/description of adverse reactions)
 
======Cardiovascular======
 
: (list/description of adverse reactions)
 
======Respiratory======
 
: (list/description of adverse reactions)
 
======Gastrointestinal======
 
: (list/description of adverse reactions)
 
======Hypersensitive Reactions======
 
: (list/description of adverse reactions)
 
======Miscellaneous======
 
: (list/description of adverse reactions)
|postmarketing=(Description)
|drugInteractions=* Drug 1
* Drug 2
* Drug 3
* Drug 4
* Drug 5
 
=====Drug 1=====
 
(Description)
 
=====Drug 2=====
 
(Description)
 
=====Drug 3=====
 
(Description)
 
=====Drug 4=====
 
(Description)
 
=====Drug 5=====
 
(Description)
|useInPregnancyFDA=(Description)
|useInPregnancyAUS=(Description)
|useInLaborDelivery=(Description)
|useInNursing=(Description)
|useInPed=(Description)
|useInGeri=(Description)
|useInGender=(Description)
|useInRace=(Description)
|useInRenalImpair=(Description)
|useInHepaticImpair=(Description)
|useInReproPotential=(Description)
|useInImmunocomp=(Description)
|othersTitle=Others
|useInOthers=(Description)
 
|administration=(Oral/Intravenous/etc)
|monitoring======Condition 1=====
 
(Description regarding monitoring, from ''Warnings'' section)
 
=====Condition 2=====
 
(Description regarding monitoring, from ''Warnings'' section)
 
=====Condition 3=====
 
(Description regarding monitoring, from ''Warnings'' section)
|IVCompat====Solution===
 
====Compatible====
 
* Solution 1
* Solution 2
* Solution 3
 
====Not Tested====
 
* Solution 1
* Solution 2
* Solution 3
 
====Variable====
 
* Solution 1
* Solution 2
* Solution 3
 
====Incompatible====
 
* Solution 1
* Solution 2
* Solution 3
 
===Y-Site===
 
====Compatible====
 
* Solution 1
* Solution 2
* Solution 3
 
====Not Tested====
 
* Solution 1
* Solution 2
* Solution 3
 
====Variable====
 
* Solution 1
* Solution 2
* Solution 3
 
====Incompatible====
 
* Solution 1
* Solution 2
* Solution 3
 
===Admixture===
 
====Compatible====
 
* Solution 1
* Solution 2
* Solution 3
 
====Not Tested====
 
* Solution 1
* Solution 2
* Solution 3
 
====Variable====
 
* Solution 1
* Solution 2
* Solution 3
 
====Incompatible====
 
* Solution 1
* Solution 2
* Solution 3
 
===Syringe===
 
====Compatible====
 
* Solution 1
* Solution 2
* Solution 3
 
====Not Tested====
 
* Solution 1
* Solution 2
* Solution 3
 
====Variable====
 
* Solution 1
* Solution 2
* Solution 3
 
====Incompatible====
 
* Solution 1
* Solution 2
* Solution 3
 
===TPN/TNA===
 
====Compatible====
 
* Solution 1
* Solution 2
* Solution 3
 
====Not Tested====
 
* Solution 1
* Solution 2
* Solution 3
 
====Variable====
 
* Solution 1
* Solution 2
* Solution 3
 
====Incompatible====
 
* Solution 1
* Solution 2
* Solution 3
|overdose====Acute Overdose===
 
====Signs and Symptoms====
 
(Description)
 
====Management====
 
(Description)
 
===Chronic Overdose===
 
====Signs and Symptoms====
 
(Description)
 
====Management====
 
(Description)
|drugBox={{Drugbox2
| verifiedrevid =
| IUPAC_name =
| image =
| drug_name =
 
<!--Clinical data-->
| tradename =
| MedlinePlus =
| licence_US =
| pregnancy_AU =
| pregnancy_US =
| legal_status =
| routes_of_administration =
 
<!--Pharmacokinetic data-->
| bioavailability =
| metabolism =
| elimination_half-life =
| excretion =
 
<!--Identifiers-->
| CAS_number_Ref =
| CAS_number =
| ATC_prefix =
| ATC_suffix =
| PubChem =
| IUPHAR_ligand =
| DrugBank_Ref =
| DrugBank =
| ChemSpiderID_Ref =
| ChemSpiderID =
| UNII_Ref =
| UNII =
| KEGG_Ref =
| KEGG =
| ChEBI_Ref =
| ChEBI =
| ChEMBL_Ref =
| ChEMBL =
 
<!--Chemical data-->
| C= | H= | N= | O=
| molecular_weight =
| smiles =
| InChI =
| InChIKey =
| StdInChI_Ref =
| StdInChI =
| StdInChIKey_Ref =
| StdInChIKey =
| melting_point =
}}
|mechAction=(Description)
|structure=(Description with picture)
|PD=(Description)
|PK=(Description)
|nonClinToxic=(Description)
|clinicalStudies======Condition 1=====
 
(Description)
 
=====Condition 2=====
 
(Description)
 
=====Condition 3=====
 
(Description)
|howSupplied=(Description)
|fdaPatientInfo=(Patient Counseling Information)
|nlmPatientInfo=(Link to patient information page)
|lookAlike=* (Paired Confused Name 1a) — (Paired Confused Name 1b)
* (Paired Confused Name 2a) — (Paired Confused Name 2b)
* (Paired Confused Name 3a) — (Paired Confused Name 3b)
|drugShortage=Drug Shortage
}}

Revision as of 14:12, 16 July 2014

Clonidine
Black Box Warning
Adult Indications & Dosage
Pediatric Indications & Dosage
Contraindications
Warnings & Precautions
Adverse Reactions
Drug Interactions
Use in Specific Populations
Administration & Monitoring
Overdosage
Pharmacology
Clinical Studies
How Supplied
Images
Patient Counseling Information
Precautions with Alcohol
Brand Names
Look-Alike Names

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];

Disclaimer

WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an educational tool, not a tool for any form of healthcare delivery. The educational content on WikiDoc drug pages is based upon the FDA package insert, National Library of Medicine content and practice guidelines / consensus statements. WikiDoc does not promote the administration of any medication or device that is not consistent with its labeling. Please read our full disclaimer here.

Black Box Warning

Warning Title
See full prescribing information for complete Boxed Warning.
Condition Name: (Content)

Overview

Clonidine is a Adrenergic receptor agonist that is FDA approved for the {{{indicationType}}} of a list of indications, separated by commas.. There is a Black Box Warning for this drug as shown here. Common adverse reactions include a list of adverse reactions, separated by commas..

Adult Indications and Dosage

FDA-Labeled Indications and Dosage (Adult)

Condition 1
  • Dosing Information
  • (Dosage)
Condition 2
  • Dosing Information
  • (Dosage)

Off-Label Use and Dosage (Adult)

Guideline-Supported Use

Condition 1
  • Developed by: (Organisation)
  • Class of Recommendation: (Class) (Link)
  • Strength of Evidence: (Category A/B/C) (Link)
  • Dosing Information/Recommendation
  • (Dosage)
Condition 2
  • Developed by: (Organisation)
  • Class of Recommendation: (Class) (Link)
  • Strength of Evidence: (Category A/B/C) (Link)
  • Dosing Information/Recommendation
  • (Dosage)

Non–Guideline-Supported Use

Condition 1
  • Dosing Information
  • (Dosage)
Condition 2
  • Dosing Information
  • (Dosage)
Condition 3
  • Dosing Information
  • (Dosage)

Pediatric Indications and Dosage

FDA-Labeled Indications and Dosage (Pediatric)

Condition 1
  • Dosing Information
  • (Dosage)
Condition 2
  • Dosing Information
  • (Dosage)

Off-Label Use and Dosage (Pediatric)

Guideline-Supported Use

Condition 1
  • Developed by: (Organisation)
  • Class of Recommendation: (Class) (Link)
  • Strength of Evidence: (Category A/B/C) (Link)
  • Dosing Information/Recommendation
  • (Dosage)
Condition 2
  • Developed by: (Organisation)
  • Class of Recommendation: (Class) (Link)
  • Strength of Evidence: (Category A/B/C) (Link)
  • Dosing Information/Recommendation
  • (Dosage)

Non–Guideline-Supported Use

Condition 1
  • Dosing Information
  • (Dosage)
Condition 2
  • Dosing Information
  • (Dosage)
Condition 3
  • Dosing Information
  • (Dosage)

Contraindications

  • Condition 1
  • Condition 2
  • Condition 3
  • Condition 4
  • Condition 5

Warnings

Warning Title
See full prescribing information for complete Boxed Warning.
Condition Name: (Content)
Conidition 1

(Description)

Adverse Reactions

Clinical Trials Experience

Central Nervous System
(list/description of adverse reactions)
Cardiovascular
(list/description of adverse reactions)
Respiratory
(list/description of adverse reactions)
Gastrointestinal
(list/description of adverse reactions)
Hypersensitive Reactions
(list/description of adverse reactions)
Miscellaneous
(list/description of adverse reactions)
Condition 2
Central Nervous System
(list/description of adverse reactions)
Cardiovascular
(list/description of adverse reactions)
Respiratory
(list/description of adverse reactions)
Gastrointestinal
(list/description of adverse reactions)
Hypersensitive Reactions
(list/description of adverse reactions)
Miscellaneous
(list/description of adverse reactions)

Postmarketing Experience

(Description)

Drug Interactions

  • Drug 1
  • Drug 2
  • Drug 3
  • Drug 4
  • Drug 5
Drug 1

(Description)

Drug 2

(Description)

Drug 3

(Description)

Drug 4

(Description)

Drug 5

(Description)

Use in Specific Populations

Pregnancy

Pregnancy Category (FDA): (Description)
Pregnancy Category (AUS): (Description)

Labor and Delivery

(Description)

Nursing Mothers

(Description)

Pediatric Use

(Description)

Geriatic Use

(Description)

Gender

(Description)

Race

(Description)

Renal Impairment

(Description)

Hepatic Impairment

(Description)

Females of Reproductive Potential and Males

(Description)

Immunocompromised Patients

(Description)

Others

(Description)

Administration and Monitoring

Administration

(Oral/Intravenous/etc)

Monitoring

Condition 1

(Description regarding monitoring, from Warnings section)

Condition 2

(Description regarding monitoring, from Warnings section)

Condition 3

(Description regarding monitoring, from Warnings section)

IV Compatibility

Solution

Compatible

  • Solution 1
  • Solution 2
  • Solution 3

Not Tested

  • Solution 1
  • Solution 2
  • Solution 3

Variable

  • Solution 1
  • Solution 2
  • Solution 3

Incompatible

  • Solution 1
  • Solution 2
  • Solution 3

Y-Site

Compatible

  • Solution 1
  • Solution 2
  • Solution 3

Not Tested

  • Solution 1
  • Solution 2
  • Solution 3

Variable

  • Solution 1
  • Solution 2
  • Solution 3

Incompatible

  • Solution 1
  • Solution 2
  • Solution 3

Admixture

Compatible

  • Solution 1
  • Solution 2
  • Solution 3

Not Tested

  • Solution 1
  • Solution 2
  • Solution 3

Variable

  • Solution 1
  • Solution 2
  • Solution 3

Incompatible

  • Solution 1
  • Solution 2
  • Solution 3

Syringe

Compatible

  • Solution 1
  • Solution 2
  • Solution 3

Not Tested

  • Solution 1
  • Solution 2
  • Solution 3

Variable

  • Solution 1
  • Solution 2
  • Solution 3

Incompatible

  • Solution 1
  • Solution 2
  • Solution 3

TPN/TNA

Compatible

  • Solution 1
  • Solution 2
  • Solution 3

Not Tested

  • Solution 1
  • Solution 2
  • Solution 3

Variable

  • Solution 1
  • Solution 2
  • Solution 3

Incompatible

  • Solution 1
  • Solution 2
  • Solution 3

Overdosage

Acute Overdose

Signs and Symptoms

(Description)

Management

(Description)

Chronic Overdose

Signs and Symptoms

(Description)

Management

(Description)

Pharmacology

Clonidine
Systematic (IUPAC) name
?
Identifiers
CAS number ?
ATC code ?
PubChem ?
Chemical data
Formula ?
Mol. mass ?
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability ?
Metabolism ?
Half life ?
Excretion ?
Therapeutic considerations
Pregnancy cat.

?

Legal status
Routes ?

Mechanism of Action

(Description)

Structure

(Description with picture)

Pharmacodynamics

(Description)

Pharmacokinetics

(Description)

Nonclinical Toxicology

(Description)

Clinical Studies

Condition 1

(Description)

Condition 2

(Description)

Condition 3

(Description)

How Supplied

(Description)

Storage

There is limited information regarding Clonidine Storage in the drug label.

Images

Drug Images

{{#ask: Page Name::Clonidine |?Pill Name |?Drug Name |?Pill Ingred |?Pill Imprint |?Pill Dosage |?Pill Color |?Pill Shape |?Pill Size (mm) |?Pill Scoring |?NDC |?Drug Author |format=template |template=DrugPageImages |mainlabel=- |sort=Pill Name }}

Package and Label Display Panel

{{#ask: Label Page::Clonidine |?Label Name |format=template |template=DrugLabelImages |mainlabel=- |sort=Label Page }}

Patient Counseling Information

(Patient Counseling Information)

Precautions with Alcohol

Alcohol-Clonidine interaction has not been established. Talk to your doctor regarding the effects of taking alcohol with this medication.

Brand Names

There is limited information regarding Clonidine Brand Names in the drug label.

Look-Alike Drug Names

  • (Paired Confused Name 1a) — (Paired Confused Name 1b)
  • (Paired Confused Name 2a) — (Paired Confused Name 2b)
  • (Paired Confused Name 3a) — (Paired Confused Name 3b)

Drug Shortage Status

Drug Shortage

Price

References

The contents of this FDA label are provided by the National Library of Medicine.

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