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| __NOTOC__
| | #REDIRECT [[Felodipine#Nonclinical Toxicology]] |
| {{Felodipine}}
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| {{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{SS}}
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| ==Nonclinical Toxicology==
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| ===Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility===
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| In a 2-year carcinogenicity study in rats fed felodipine at doses of 7.7, 23.1 or 69.3 mg/kg/day (up to 61 times1 the maximum recommended human dose on a mg/m2 basis), a dose-related increase in the incidence of benign interstitial cell tumors of the testes (Leydig cell tumors) was observed in treated male rats. These tumors were not observed in a similar study in mice at doses up to 138.6 mg/kg/day (61 times1 the maximum recommended human dose on a mg/m2 basis). Felodipine, at the doses employed in the 2-year rat study, has been shown to lower testicular testosterone and to produce a corresponding increase in serum luteinizing hormone in rats. The Leydig cell tumor development is possibly secondary to these hormonal effects which have not been observed in man.
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| In this same rat study a dose-related increase in the incidence of focal squamous cell hyperplasia compared to control was observed in the esophageal groove of male and female rats in all dose groups. No other drug-related esophageal or gastric pathology was observed in the rats or with chronic administration in mice and dogs. The latter species, like man, has no anatomical structure comparable to the esophageal groove.
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| Felodipine was not carcinogenic when fed to mice at doses up to 138.6 mg/kg/day (61 times1 the maximum recommended human dose on a mg/m2 basis) for periods of up to 80 weeks in males and 99 weeks in females.
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| Felodipine did not display any mutagenic activity in vitro in the Ames microbial mutagenicity test or in the mouse lymphoma forward mutation assay. No clastogenic potential was seen in vivo in the mouse micronucleus test at oral doses up to 2500 mg/kg (1100 times1 the maximum recommended human dose on a mg/m2 basis) or in vitro in a human lymphocyte chromosome aberration assay.
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| A fertility study in which male and female rats were administered doses of 3.8, 9.6 or 26.9 mg/kg/day (up to 24 times1 the maximum recommended human dose on a mg/m2basis) showed no significant effect of felodipine on reproductive performance.<ref name="dailymed.nlm.nih.gov">{{Cite web | last = | first = | title = PLENDIL (FELODIPINE) TABLET, EXTENDED RELEASE [ASTRAZENECA LP] | url = http://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/lookup.cfm?setid=2aad9cdf-6431-4661-5cb4-f69e735f47e4 | publisher = | date = | accessdate = 28 February 2014 }}</ref>
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| ==References ==
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| {{Reflist|2}}
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| {{Calcium channel blockers}}
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| [[Category:Calcium channel blockers]]
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| [[Category:Dihydropyridines]]
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| [[Category:Carboxylate esters]]
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| [[Category:Organochlorides]]
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| [[Category:Cardiovascular Drugs]]
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| [[Category:Drugs]]
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