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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
==Natural History, Complications and Prognosis== | |||
Infection with Mycobacterium abscessus can lead to: | |||
* [[Skin and soft tissue infection]] | |||
* Open [[wound]] infection | |||
** Sternal wound infection<ref name="pmid7240799">{{cite journal| author=Hoffman PC, Fraser DW, Robicsek F, O'Bar PR, Mauney CU| title=Two outbreaks of sternal wound infection due to organisms of the Mycobacterium fortuitum complex. | journal=J Infect Dis | year= 1981 | volume= 143 | issue= 4 | pages= 533-42 | pmid=7240799 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=7240799 }} </ref> | |||
* Bronchopulmonary infection<ref name="pmid22290346">{{cite journal| author=Nessar R, Cambau E, Reyrat JM, Murray A, Gicquel B| title=Mycobacterium abscessus: a new antibiotic nightmare. | journal=J Antimicrob Chemother | year= 2012 | volume= 67 | issue= 4 | pages= 810-8 | pmid=22290346 | doi=10.1093/jac/dkr578 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=22290346 }} </ref> | |||
* Disseminated infection in non-[[AIDS]] immunocompromised patients<ref name="pmid22290346">{{cite journal| author=Nessar R, Cambau E, Reyrat JM, Murray A, Gicquel B| title=Mycobacterium abscessus: a new antibiotic nightmare. | journal=J Antimicrob Chemother | year= 2012 | volume= 67 | issue= 4 | pages= 810-8 | pmid=22290346 | doi=10.1093/jac/dkr578 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=22290346 }} </ref> | |||
* Other rare infections | |||
** Vertebral [[osteomyelitis]]<ref name="pmid23925676">{{cite journal| author=Garcia DC, Sandoval-Sus J, Razzaq K, Young L| title=Vertebral osteomyelitis caused by Mycobacterium abscessus. | journal=BMJ Case Rep | year= 2013 | volume= 2013 | issue= | pages= | pmid=23925676 | doi=10.1136/bcr-2013-009597 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=23925676 }} </ref> | |||
** Abdominal infection<ref name="pmid16638646">{{cite journal| author=Ding LW, Lai CC, Lee LN, Hsueh PR| title=Abdominal nontuberculous mycobacterial infection in a university hospital in Taiwan from 1997 to 2003. | journal=J Formos Med Assoc | year= 2006 | volume= 105 | issue= 5 | pages= 370-6 | pmid=16638646 | doi=10.1016/S0929-6646(09)60132-7 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16638646 }} </ref> | |||
** [[Lymphadenitis]]<ref name="pmid17277290">{{cite journal| author=Griffith DE, Aksamit T, Brown-Elliott BA, Catanzaro A, Daley C, Gordin F et al.| title=An official ATS/IDSA statement: diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of nontuberculous mycobacterial diseases. | journal=Am J Respir Crit Care Med | year= 2007 | volume= 175 | issue= 4 | pages= 367-416 | pmid=17277290 | doi=10.1164/rccm.200604-571ST | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=17277290 }} </ref> | |||
===Skin and Soft Tissue Infection=== | |||
Minor infections with mycobacterium abscessus can resolve either spontaneously or following surgical debridement. In the absence of therapy, abscesses that occur after injection of the organism may last up to 8 to 12 months until they resolve spontaneously.<ref name="pmid17277290">{{cite journal| author=Griffith DE, Aksamit T, Brown-Elliott BA, Catanzaro A, Daley C, Gordin F et al.| title=An official ATS/IDSA statement: diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of nontuberculous mycobacterial diseases. | journal=Am J Respir Crit Care Med | year= 2007 | volume= 175 | issue= 4 | pages= 367-416 | pmid=17277290 | doi=10.1164/rccm.200604-571ST | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=17277290 }} </ref> | |||
===Pulmonary Infection=== | |||
Mycobacterium abscessus is the most common non tuberculosis mycobacterial infection in [[cystic fibrosis]].<ref name="pmid14720400">{{cite journal| author=Sermet-Gaudelus I, Le Bourgeois M, Pierre-Audigier C, Offredo C, Guillemot D, Halley S et al.| title=Mycobacterium abscessus and children with cystic fibrosis. | journal=Emerg Infect Dis | year= 2003 | volume= 9 | issue= 12 | pages= 1587-91 | pmid=14720400 | doi=10.3201/eid0912.020774 | pmc=PMC3034322 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=14720400 }} </ref> Chronic infection with Mycobacterium abscessus is associated with a decline in lung function among patients with [[cystic fibrosis]].<ref name="pmid20071249">{{cite journal| author=Esther CR, Esserman DA, Gilligan P, Kerr A, Noone PG| title=Chronic Mycobacterium abscessus infection and lung function decline in cystic fibrosis. | journal=J Cyst Fibros | year= 2010 | volume= 9 | issue= 2 | pages= 117-23 | pmid=20071249 | doi=10.1016/j.jcf.2009.12.001 | pmc=PMC3837580 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=20071249 }} </ref> The most commonly reported symptom is [[cough]]. Constitutional symptoms increase as the disease progresses. The only effective long-term therapy for Mycobacterium abscessus was reported to be surgical resection of the localized disease.<ref name="pmid8484642">{{cite journal| author=Griffith DE, Girard WM, Wallace RJ| title=Clinical features of pulmonary disease caused by rapidly growing mycobacteria. An analysis of 154 patients. | journal=Am Rev Respir Dis | year= 1993 | volume= 147 | issue= 5 | pages= 1271-8 | pmid=8484642 | doi=10.1164/ajrccm/147.5.1271 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=8484642 }} </ref> Death may occur in these patients (mortality in ~14% of patients) due to respiratory failure secondary to the progressive lung disease.<ref name="pmid8484642">{{cite journal| author=Griffith DE, Girard WM, Wallace RJ| title=Clinical features of pulmonary disease caused by rapidly growing mycobacteria. An analysis of 154 patients. | journal=Am Rev Respir Dis | year= 1993 | volume= 147 | issue= 5 | pages= 1271-8 | pmid=8484642 | doi=10.1164/ajrccm/147.5.1271 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=8484642 }} </ref> | |||
When pulmonary mycobacterium abscessus infection occurs in the absence of any predisposing conditions, the course of the disease is slowly progressive and indolent. Whereas, when the pulmonary infection is associated with underlying predisposing factors, such as gastrointestinal or pulmonary conditions, the disease is rapidly progressive and fulminant.<ref name="pmid8484642">{{cite journal| author=Griffith DE, Girard WM, Wallace RJ| title=Clinical features of pulmonary disease caused by rapidly growing mycobacteria. An analysis of 154 patients. | journal=Am Rev Respir Dis | year= 1993 | volume= 147 | issue= 5 | pages= 1271-8 | pmid=8484642 | doi=10.1164/ajrccm/147.5.1271 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=8484642 }} </ref> | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 18:16, 23 July 2014
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Rim Halaby, M.D. [2]
Overview
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
Infection with Mycobacterium abscessus can lead to:
- Skin and soft tissue infection
- Open wound infection
- Sternal wound infection[1]
- Bronchopulmonary infection[2]
- Disseminated infection in non-AIDS immunocompromised patients[2]
- Other rare infections
- Vertebral osteomyelitis[3]
- Abdominal infection[4]
- Lymphadenitis[5]
Skin and Soft Tissue Infection
Minor infections with mycobacterium abscessus can resolve either spontaneously or following surgical debridement. In the absence of therapy, abscesses that occur after injection of the organism may last up to 8 to 12 months until they resolve spontaneously.[5]
Pulmonary Infection
Mycobacterium abscessus is the most common non tuberculosis mycobacterial infection in cystic fibrosis.[6] Chronic infection with Mycobacterium abscessus is associated with a decline in lung function among patients with cystic fibrosis.[7] The most commonly reported symptom is cough. Constitutional symptoms increase as the disease progresses. The only effective long-term therapy for Mycobacterium abscessus was reported to be surgical resection of the localized disease.[8] Death may occur in these patients (mortality in ~14% of patients) due to respiratory failure secondary to the progressive lung disease.[8]
When pulmonary mycobacterium abscessus infection occurs in the absence of any predisposing conditions, the course of the disease is slowly progressive and indolent. Whereas, when the pulmonary infection is associated with underlying predisposing factors, such as gastrointestinal or pulmonary conditions, the disease is rapidly progressive and fulminant.[8]
References
- ↑ Hoffman PC, Fraser DW, Robicsek F, O'Bar PR, Mauney CU (1981). "Two outbreaks of sternal wound infection due to organisms of the Mycobacterium fortuitum complex". J Infect Dis. 143 (4): 533–42. PMID 7240799.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Nessar R, Cambau E, Reyrat JM, Murray A, Gicquel B (2012). "Mycobacterium abscessus: a new antibiotic nightmare". J Antimicrob Chemother. 67 (4): 810–8. doi:10.1093/jac/dkr578. PMID 22290346.
- ↑ Garcia DC, Sandoval-Sus J, Razzaq K, Young L (2013). "Vertebral osteomyelitis caused by Mycobacterium abscessus". BMJ Case Rep. 2013. doi:10.1136/bcr-2013-009597. PMID 23925676.
- ↑ Ding LW, Lai CC, Lee LN, Hsueh PR (2006). "Abdominal nontuberculous mycobacterial infection in a university hospital in Taiwan from 1997 to 2003". J Formos Med Assoc. 105 (5): 370–6. doi:10.1016/S0929-6646(09)60132-7. PMID 16638646.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Griffith DE, Aksamit T, Brown-Elliott BA, Catanzaro A, Daley C, Gordin F; et al. (2007). "An official ATS/IDSA statement: diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of nontuberculous mycobacterial diseases". Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 175 (4): 367–416. doi:10.1164/rccm.200604-571ST. PMID 17277290.
- ↑ Sermet-Gaudelus I, Le Bourgeois M, Pierre-Audigier C, Offredo C, Guillemot D, Halley S; et al. (2003). "Mycobacterium abscessus and children with cystic fibrosis". Emerg Infect Dis. 9 (12): 1587–91. doi:10.3201/eid0912.020774. PMC 3034322. PMID 14720400.
- ↑ Esther CR, Esserman DA, Gilligan P, Kerr A, Noone PG (2010). "Chronic Mycobacterium abscessus infection and lung function decline in cystic fibrosis". J Cyst Fibros. 9 (2): 117–23. doi:10.1016/j.jcf.2009.12.001. PMC 3837580. PMID 20071249.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 Griffith DE, Girard WM, Wallace RJ (1993). "Clinical features of pulmonary disease caused by rapidly growing mycobacteria. An analysis of 154 patients". Am Rev Respir Dis. 147 (5): 1271–8. doi:10.1164/ajrccm/147.5.1271. PMID 8484642.