Tuberculosis differential diagnosis
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Alejandro Lemor, M.D. [2]
Overview
Pulmonary tuberculosis must be differentiated from other diseases that cause cough, fever, night sweats, hemoptysis and weight loss, such as: brucellosis, bronchogenic carcinoma, Hodgkin lymphoma, bacterial pneumonia, sarcoidosis, mycoplasmal pneumonia.
Differential Diagnosis
Pulmonary Tuberculosis
| Disease | Findings |
|---|---|
| Bacterial pneumonia | Sudden onset of symptoms, such as high fever, cough, purulent sputum, chest pain. Consolidation on chest X-ray, leukocytosis. |
| Bronchogenic carcinoma | Can be asymptomatic, usually at older ages (> 50 years old), cough, hemoptysis, weight loss |
| Brucellosis | Fever, anorexia, night sweats, malaise,back pain , headache, and depression. History of exposure to infected animal |
| Hodgkin lymphoma | Fever, night sweats, pruritus, painless adenopathy, mediastinal mass |
| Mycoplasmal pneumonia | |
| Sarcoidosis | Non-caseating granulomas in lungs and other organs, bilateral hiliar adenopathy, predominantly in African American females. |
Extra-Pulmonary Tuberculosis
| Extra-Pulmonary Location | Differential Diagnosis |
|---|---|
| Tuberculous Lymphadenitis | |
| Skeletal Tuberculosis | |
| Central Nervous System Tuberculosis | |
| Tuberculosis Peritonitis |