Clodronate

Clodronate

Clinical data
AHFS/Drugs.com	International Drug Names
ATC code	M05BA02 (WHO)
Identifiers
IUPAC name (dichloro-phosphono-methyl)phosphonic acid
CAS Number	10596-23-3 Y
PubChem CID	25419
DrugBank	DB00720 Y
ChemSpider	23731 Y
UNII	0813BZ6866
KEGG	D03545 Y
ChEBI	CHEBI:110423 Y
ChEMBL	ChEMBL12318 Y
E number	{{#property:P628}}
ECHA InfoCard	{{#property:P2566}}
Chemical and physical data
Formula	CH4Cl2O6P2
Molar mass	244.892 g/mol
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
SMILES ClC(Cl)(P(=O)(O)O)P(=O)(O)O
InChI InChI=1S/CH4Cl2O6P2/c2-1(3,10(4,5)6)11(7,8)9/h(H2,4,5,6)(H2,7,8,9) Y Key:ACSIXWWBWUQEHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Y
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

Clodronic acid (INN) or clodronate disodium (USAN) is a first generation (non-nitrogenous) bisphosphonate. It is an anti-osteoporotic drug approved for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in post-menopausal women and men to reduce vertebral fractures, hyperparathyroidism, hypercalcemia in malignancy, multiple myeloma and fracture related pain because of its potent anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects shown as a reduction in inflammatory markers like IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-alfa.

An Italian study compared the analgesic effect of clodronic acid versus acetaminophen in reumatic condition related pain. Study result show a reduction in pain in favor of clodronic acid that provided more analgesia than 3 grams/day of acetaminophen. Clodronate is also used in experimental medicine to selectively deplete macrophages.

Clodronic acid is approved for human use in Canada and Australia, the United Kingdom, where it is marketed as Bonefos, Loron, Clodron and in Italy as Clasteon, Difosfonal, Osteostab and several generics. In other countries is prescribed as a bone resorption inhibitor and antihypercalcemic agent.

Use in equine medicine

Clodronic acid is approved for use in horses under the trade name Osphos, for treatment of navicular syndrome. It is given by intramuscular injection, with the total dose divided into 3 sites on the horse. Clinical effects may not be seen for up to 2 months, and horses may need treatments repeated every 3 to 6 months.

Adverse reactions and contraindications

Osphos has been shown to have several adverse effects. These include:

• Signs of discomfort, agitation, or colic, usually within 2 hours of treatment.
• Head shaking
• Lip licking