Odontogenic infection
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Odontogenic infection affect the tooth and the supporting structures and remain localized. It has three stages namely innoculation, cellulitis and abscess.
Odontogenic Infections
An odontogenic infection is an infection that originates within a tooth or in the closely surrounding tissues.[1] The term is derived from odonto- (from ancient Greek odous - "tooth") and -genic (from Greek genos - "birth"). Odontogenic infections may remain localized to the region where they started, or spread into adjacent or distant areas.
It is estimated that 90-95% of all orofacial infections originate from the teeth or their supporting structures.[2] Furthermore, about 70% of odontogenic infections occur as periapical inflammation, i.e. acute periapical periodontitis or a periapical abscess.[2] The next most common form of odontogenic infection is the periodontal abscess.[2]
Odontogenic sinusitis
Sinusitis is inflammation of the paranasal air sinuses. Infections associated with teeth may be responsible for approximately 20% of cases of maxillary sinusitis.[3] The cause of this situation is usually a periapical or periodontal infection of a maxillary posterior tooth, where the inflammatory exudate has eroded through the bone superiorly to drain into the maxillary sinus. Once an odontogenic infection involves the maxilary sinus, it is possible that it may then spread to the orbit or to the ethmoid sinus.[3]
Treatment
Antimicrobial Regimen
- Odontogenic infections[4]
- 1. Empiric antimicrobial therapy
- Preferred regimen: Clindamycin 300–450 mg PO q6h OR Clindamycin 600 mg IV q6–8h
- Alternative regimen: Amoxicillin-Clavulanic acid 875/125 mg PO q12h OR Amoxicillin-Clavulanic acid 500/125 mg PO q8h OR Amoxicillin-Clavulanic acid 2000/125 mg PO q12h OR Cefotetan 2 g IV q12h
References
- ↑ Jiménez, Y; Bagán, JV; Murillo, J; Poveda, R (2004). "Odontogenic infections. Complications. Systemic manifestations" (PDF). Medicina oral, patologia oral y cirugia bucal. 9 Suppl: 143–7, 139–43. PMID 15580132.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Fragiskos, Fragiskos D. (2007). Oral surgery. Berlin: Springer. pp. 205–206. ISBN 978-3-540-25184-2.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Hupp JR, Ellis E, Tucker MR (2008). Contemporary oral and maxillofacial surgery (5th ed.). St. Louis, Mo.: Mosby Elsevier. pp. 317–333. ISBN 9780323049030.
- ↑ Gilbert, David (2015). The Sanford guide to antimicrobial therapy. Sperryville, Va: Antimicrobial Therapy. ISBN 978-1930808843.