Craniopharyngioma differential diagnosis
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Differentiating Craniopharyngioma from other Diseases
There are various conditions that must be differentiated from craniopharyngioma clinically:
- Pituitary adenoma
- Optic chiasma glioma
- Tuberculum sellae meningioma
- Tumor of third ventricle
- Lateral ventricles chorioidopapilloma
General imaging differential considerations include:
- Rathke cleft cyst
- No solid or enhancing component
- Calcification is rare
- Unilocular
- Majority are completely or mostly intrasellar
- Pituitary macroadenoma (with cystic degeneration or necrosis)
- Can look very similar
- Usually has intrasellar epicentre with pituitary fossa enlargement rather than suprasellar epicentre
- Despite occasional presence of T1 bright cystic regions, calcification in these cases is often absent (whereas most adamantinomatous craniopharyngiomas are calcified)
- Intracranial teratoma
- Presence of fat is helpful, but requires fat saturated sequences or CT to confirm