Acute lymphoblastic leukemia epidemiology and demographics
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Raviteja Guddeti, M.B.B.S. [2]; Rim Halaby, M.D. [3] Carlos A Lopez, M.D. [4]
Overview
In 2015, the incidence of acute lymphoblastic leukemia was approximately 2 per 100,000 individuals with a case-fatality rate of 20% to 30%. Males are more commonly affected with acute lymphoblastic leukemia than females.
Epidemiology and Demographics
Incidence and Mortality 2015
- In 2015, the incidence of acute lymphoblastic leukemia was estimated to be 2 per 100,000 individuals in the United States.[1]
- The case fatality rate of acute lymphoblastic leukemia is approximately 20% to 30% worldwide.
Prevalence
- In the United States, the age-adjusted prevalence of acute lymphoblastic leukemia is 17.4 per 100,000 in 2011.[2]
Incidence
- The number of annual acute lymphoblastic leukemia cases in the United States is roughly 4000, 3000 of which inflict children.
- There is an increased incidence in people with Down's Syndrome, Fanconi's anemia, Bloom's syndrome, ataxia-telangiectasia, X-linked agammaglobulinemia and severe combined immunodeficiency.
- In 2011, the age-adjusted incidence of acute lymphoblastic leukemia was 1.77 per 100,000 persons in the United States.[2]
Age
- Acute lymphoblastic leukemia accounts for approximately 80 percent of all childhood leukemia cases, making it the most common type of childhood cancer.
- It has a peak incident rate of 2-5 years old, decreasing in incidence with increasing age before increasing again at around 50 years old.
- While the overall age-adjusted incidence of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in the United States between 2007 and 2011 is 1.7 per 100,000, the age-adjusted incidence of acute lymphoblastic leukemia by age category is:[2]
- Under 65 years: 1.7 per 100,000
- 65 and over: 1.6 per 100,000
Gender
- Acute lymphoblastic leukemia is slightly more common in males than females.
- In the United States, the age-adjusted prevalence of acute lymphoblastic leukemia by gender in 2011 is:[2]
- In males: 19.3 per 100,000
- In females: 15.4 per 100,000
- In the United States, the age-adjusted incidence of acute lymphoblastic leukemia by gender on 2011 is:[2]
- In males: 1.9 per 100,000 persons
- In females: 1.63 per 100,000 persons
- Shown below is an image depicting the observed incidence of lymphocytic leukemia by gender in the United States between 1975 and 2011. These graphs are adapted from SEER: The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program of the National Cancer Institute.[2]
Race
- Shown below is a table depicting the age-adjusted prevalence of acute lymphoblastic leukemia by race in 2011 in the United States.[2]
| All Races | White | Black | Asian/Pacific Islander | Hispanic | |
| Age-adjusted | 17.4 per 100,000 | 20 per 100,000 | 7.6 per 100,000 | 13.2 per 100,000 | 20.8 per 100,000 |
References
- ↑ "National Cancer Institute".
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 Howlader N, Noone AM, Krapcho M, Garshell J, Miller D, Altekruse SF, Kosary CL, Yu M, Ruhl J, Tatalovich Z,Mariotto A, Lewis DR, Chen HS, Feuer EJ, Cronin KA (eds). SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975-2011, National Cancer Institute. Bethesda, MD, http://seer.cancer.gov/csr/1975_2011/, based on November 2013 SEER data submission, posted to the SEER web site, April 2014.