Ganglioglioma pathophysiology
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sujit Routray, M.D. [2]
Overview
Ganglioglioma arises from neuronal glial cells, which are cells of the central nervous system. On gross pathology, ganglioglioma varies from partially cystic mass with a mural nodule to a solid mass expanding the overlying gyrus. On microscopic pathology, ganglioglioma is composed of ganglion cells and neoplastic glial cells with positive staining for synaptophysin, neuronal specific enolase, and GFAP.
Pathophysiology
Gross Pathology
- Ganglioglioma is commonly located in the following regions of the central nervous system:[1]
- Their appearance is variable: from a partially cystic mass with an mural nodule (~45% of cases) to a solid mass expanding the overlying gyrus.
Microscopic Pathology
Gangliogliomas are composed of two cell populations:[1]
- Ganglion cells (large mature neuronal elements): ganglio-
- Neoplastic glial elements (astrocytic): -glioma
It is the grade of the glial component that determines biological behaviour. Dedifferentiation into high grade tumours does occasionally occur, and it is usually the glial component (into a glioblastoma multiforme). Only rarely it is the neuronal component (into a neuroblastoma).
Markers
Neuronal origin is demonstrated by positivity to neuronal markers:[1]
- Synaptophysin
- Neuronal specific enolase
- GFAP
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Pathophysiology of ganglioglioma. Dr Henry Knipe and Dr Frank Gaillard et al. Radiopaedia 2015. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/ganglioglioma