Prostate cancer ultrasound

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

On ultrasound, prostate cancer is characterized by hypoechoic areas.

Small hypoechoic areas (<0.2 cm3) have cancer less than 4% of the time
One study suggests hypoechoic lesions tend to have a worse outcome; however, this is not supported by an older study

Transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) is often intially performed in order to detect abnormalities and to guide biopsy, usually following an abnormal PSA level or DRE.
Ultrasound is used to direct biopsy of suspicious, hypoechoic regions, usually in the peripheral zone.
Transrectal ultrasound is also the modality of choice for directing brachytherapy seeds into the prostate gland.