Myelodysplastic syndrome pathophysiology
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Nawal Muazam M.D.[2]
Overview
On microscopic histopathological analysis, dyserythropoiesis, dysgranulopoiesis, and dysmegakaryocytopoiesis are findings of myelodysplastic syndrome.[1]
Pathophysiology
Pathogenesis
Genetics
Associated conditions
Myelodysplastic syndrome may be associated with:[2]
- Fanconi syndrome
- Diamond-blackfan syndrome
- Shwachman-diamond syndrome
Gross Pathology
On gross pathology, a well , subcapsular tumor may be suggestive of myelodysplastic syndrome.[3]
Microscopic Pathology
On microscopic histopathological analysis, characteristic findings of myelodysplastic syndrome include:[1]
- Dyserythropoiesis
- Dysgranulopoiesis
- Dysmegakaryocytopoiesis
Dyserythropoiesis
- Abnormal red blood cell formation
Nuclear features
- Nuclear budding
- Intranuclear bridging (nuclei fail to separate post-division)
- Multinucleation
- Megablastoid change
- May be hard to see
- Karyorrhexis (nuclear fragmentation)
Cytoplasmic features
- Ring sideroblasts
- Rim of RBC has ring of iron
- Vacuolization
Dysgranulopoiesis
- Abnormal granulocyte formation
Nuclear features
- Nuclear hypolobation (pseudo Pelger-Huët)
- Hypersegmentation
- May be seen in vitamin B12 deficiency
Cytoplasmic features
- Cytoplasmic hypogranulation
- Pseudo-Chediak-Higashi granules
- Small size
Dysmegakaryocytopoiesis
Nuclear features
Gallery
Immunohistochemistry
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Histologic features of myelodysplastic syndromes. Librepathology (2015). http://librepathology.org/wiki/index.php/Myelodysplastic_syndromes. Accessed on December 8, 2015
- ↑ Associations of myelodysplastic syndromes. Librepathology (2015). http://librepathology.org/wiki/index.php/Myelodysplastic_syndromes. Accessed on December 8, 2015
- ↑ Associations of myelodysplastic syndromes. Librepathology (2015). http://librepathology.org/wiki/index.php/Myelodysplastic_syndromes. Accessed on December 8, 2015