Sacrococcygeal teratoma classification

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mirdula Sharma, MBBS [2]

Overview

Sacrococcygeal teratoma is classified into four different categories according to American Academy of Pediatrics Surgery classification based upon the anatomical location of the tumor. Subtypes of sacrococcygeal teratoma have different staging systems based on the size and growth of the tumor, lymph node involvement, and the presence of metastasis.

Classification Based Upon Anatomical Location

American Academy of Pediatrics Surgery Section System classifies Sacrococcygeal teratoma depending on the anatomical location of the tumor.

Stage	Features
Type I	Predominantly exterior; with minimal pelvic involvement
Type II	Predominantly external; with significant intrapelvic growth giving "hour-glass" appearance
Type III	Predominantly internal; withh intra-abdominal involvement
Type IV	Entirely pre-sacral; without external growth

Classification Based Upon Pathology

• Benign - Mature
• Malignant - Immature

Staging of Sacrococcygeal Teratoma

Subtypes of sacrococcygeal teratoma have different staging systems based on the size and growth of the tumor, lymph node involvement, and the presence of metastasis.

Stage	Features
Stage I	Complete resection Negative tumor margins
Stage II	Microscopic residuals Lymph node negative
Stage III	Lymph node involvement Gross residual on biopsy Retroperitoneal node may be positive or negative
Stage IV	Distant metastasis may involve liver