Sporotrichosis epidemiology and demographics
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Alison Leibowitz [2]
Overview
Sporothrix schenckii can be found throughout the world in soil and plant matter. Peru is suspected to be an area where S. schenckii is extremely common in the environment. Outbreaks of sporotrichosis have been documented in both developing and developed countries.
Epidemiology and Demographics
Incidence
- The global incidence of sporotrichosis is unknown, with significant variation in occurrence rates between countries.
- For example, while the incidence of sporotrichosis is approximately 1-2 per 1,000,000 individuals within the United States, with roughly 200-250 cases reported every year, the incidence of sporotrichosis within the Peruvian highlands is much higher with about 1 case per 1,000 individuals. [1]
Age
- While patients of all age groups may develop sporotrichosis, the association between age and and occurrence largely depends on region.
- Within developed countries, the incidence of sporotrichosis is highest among adults.
- Conversely, within tropical areas and nations in which the disease is more prevalent, sporotrichosis may be more prevalent in adolescents and children. [2]
Sex
- As a result of increased exposure risk, particularly in developing countries, males are more commonly affected with sporotrichosis than females. The exact ratio between the sexes is unknown.
Impacted Regions
- Peru
- China
- Brazil
- South Africa
- United States: The largest recorded epidemic of sporotrichosis in the United States occurred in 1988 and involved a total of 84 cases in 15 states. All cases were associated with Wisconsin-grown sphagnum moss. [3]
- Western Australia: A cluster of sporotrichosis cases occurred in the Busselton-Margaret River region of Western Australia from 2000 to 2003. [4]
References
- ↑ Dixon DM, Salkin IF, Duncan RA, Hurd NJ, Haines JH, Kemna ME, et al. Isolation and characterization of Sporothrix schenckii from clinical and environmental sources associated with the largest U.S. epidemic of sporotrichosis. J Clin Microbiol. 1991 Jun. 29(6):1106-13.
- ↑ "Sporotrichosis Statistics". CDC.Gov. Center for Disease Control. 2014. Retrieved January 5, 2015.
- ↑ "Isolation and characterization of Sporothrix schenckii from clinical and environmental sources associated with the largest U.S. epidemic of sporotrichosis". ncbi.nlm.nih.Gov. Journal of Clinical Microbiology. 1991. Retrieved January 5, 2015.
- ↑ "Outbreak of Sporotrichosis, Western Australia". ncbi.nlm.nih.Gov. Journal of Clinical Microbiology. 12007. Retrieved January 5, 2015. Check date values in:
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