Langerhans cell histiocytosis epidemiology and demographics
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Haytham Allaham, M.D. [2]
Overview
Langerhans cell histiocytosis is a rare disease that tends to affect children and adolescents. The median age at diagnosis depends on the specific subtype of the disease. The incidence of Langerhans cell histiocytosis is approximately 5 per 1,000,000 individuals in the United States. Males are more commonly affected with Langerhans cell histiocytosis than females. The male to female ratio is approximately 2 to 1. Langerhans cell histiocytosis usually affects Caucasian and Hispanic individuals. African American individuals are less likely to develop Langerhans cell histiocytosis.
Epidemiology and Demographics
Prevalence
- Langerhans cell histiocytosis is a rare disease that tends to affect children and adolescents.
Incidence
- The incidence of Langerhans cell histiocytosis is approximately 5 per 1,000,000 individuals in the United States.
Age
- Langerhans cell histiocytosis commonly affects individuals younger than 15 years of age.
- The median age at diagnosis depends on the specific subtype of the disease, such as:
- Pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis is usually first diagnosed among adults.
- Unifocal Langerhans cell histiocytosis and multifocal unisystem Langerhans cell histiocytosis are usually first diagnosed among individuals of 2-10 years of age.
- Multifocal multisystem Langerhans cell histiocytosis is usually first diagnosed among individuals younger than 2 years of age.
Gender
- Males are more commonly affected with Langerhans cell histiocytosis than females. The male to female ratio is approximately 2 to 1.
Race
- Langerhans cell histiocytosis usually affects Caucasian and Hispanic individuals. African American individuals are less likely to develop Langerhans cell histiocytosis.