Gynecomastia causes
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Causes by Organ System
- To obtain the coding for the table seen below, click here. You need to copy the table content from the edit box, and paste it into the edit box.
- You can then list the causes by organ system. List the causes, separated by a comma under the appropriate category where it says "No underlying causes". Erase "No underlying causes" if you are listing causes in that category.
- For an example of the causes by organ system table in a causes microchapter, click here.
| Cardiovascular | No underlying causes |
| Chemical/Poisoning | No underlying causes |
| Dental | No underlying causes |
| Dermatologic | No underlying causes |
| Drug Side Effect | No underlying causes |
| Ear Nose Throat | No underlying causes |
| Endocrine | No underlying causes |
| Environmental | No underlying causes |
| Gastroenterologic | No underlying causes |
| Genetic | No underlying causes |
| Hematologic | No underlying causes |
| Iatrogenic | No underlying causes |
| Infectious Disease | No underlying causes |
| Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic | No underlying causes |
| Neurologic | No underlying causes |
| Nutritional/Metabolic | No underlying causes |
| Obstetric/Gynecologic | No underlying causes |
| Oncologic | No underlying causes |
| Ophthalmologic | No underlying causes |
| Overdose/Toxicity | No underlying causes |
| Psychiatric | No underlying causes |
| Pulmonary | No underlying causes |
| Renal/Electrolyte | No underlying causes |
| Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy | No underlying causes |
| Sexual | No underlying causes |
| Trauma | No underlying causes |
| Urologic | No underlying causes |
| Miscellaneous | No underlying causes |
Causes
In alphabetical order. [1] [2]
- Acromegaly
- Adrenal Cancer
- Androgen-insensitivity Syndrome
- Breast Cancer
- Carcinoid
- Chromophobe adenoma
- Chronic Liver Disease
- Chronic renal insufficiency
- Cirrhosis
- Congenital anorchia
- Extragonadal germ cell tumors
- Familial gynecomastia
- Five alpha-reductase deficiency Syndrome
- Hemochromatosis
- Hepatitis
- Hepatocellular carcinoma
- Hypogonadism
- Hypopituitarism
- Hypothyroidism
- Idiopathic
- Kallman Syndrome
- Kidney Carcinoma
- Klinefelter Syndrome
- Liver cancer
- Local irradiation
- Lung cancer
- Medications/drugs:
- Alcohol
- Anabolic
- Bicalutamide
- Chemotherapeutics
- Chlorpromazine
- Cimetidine
- Clomiphene
- Diazepam
- Digoxin
- Efavirenz
- Estrogens
- Etravirine
- Etomidate
- Febuxostat
- Finasteride
- Fluoxymesterone,
- Haloperidol
- Heroin
- Histrelin
- Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG)
- Iloperidone
- Isoniazid
- Ketoconazole
- Leuprolide
- Loxapine
- Marijuana
- Megestrol
- Methadone
- Methyldopa
- Metoclopramide
- Metronidazole
- Mitotane
- Nifedipine
- Nizatidine
- Oxandrolone
- Olanzapine
- Omeprazole
- Oxymetholone
- Penicillamine
- Phenothiazine
- Pramipexole
- Sertraline
- Sorafenib
- Spironolactone
- Steroids
- Tamoxifen
- Tiagabine
- Tricyclic antidepressants
- Trifluoperazine
- Verapamil
- Melatonin
- Persistent postpubertal/elderly gynecomastia
- Physiologic gynecomastia of puberty
- Re-feeding after starvation
- Stomach cancer
- Testicular cancer
- Testicular trauma
- Thyroid Disease
- Torsion of testes
- Viral orchitis
According to underlying pathophysiology, the causes of gynecomastia are:
Decreased Testosterone
- Androgen-insensitivity syndrome
- Congenital anorchia
- Five alpha-reductase deficiency
- Hypopituitarism
- Kallman Syndrome
- Klinefelter Syndrome
- Renal Failure
- Testicular trauma
- Torsion of the testes
- Viral orchitis
Increased Estrogens
- Adrenal cancer
- Chronic liver disease
- Extragonadal germ cell tumors
- Familial gynecomastia
- Hyperthyroidism
- Kidney carcinoma
- Liver cancer
- Lung carcinoma
- Malnutrition
- Other gastrointestinal (GI) tract carcinoma
- Stomach cancer
- Testicular cancer
Physiologic causes
- Benign gynecomastia of adolescence
- Drugs
- Familial gynecomastia
- Gynecomastia in the newborn
- Gynecomastia of aging