Parotitis causes
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Luke Rusowicz-Orazem, B.S.
Overview
Parotitis is most commonly caused by viral or bacterial infections, but can also result from autoimmune syndromes, parotid gland blockages, and from diseases with uncertain etiologies.
Causes
Infection
- Acute viral parotitis
- Acute bacterial parotitis:*
- The most common cause of bacterial parotitis is Staphylococcus aureus[1]
- Other bacterial causes of parotitis include the following:
- Extrapulmonary tuberculosis
- Parotitis can result as a symptom of acute tuberculosis[3]
Autoimmune Causes
- Sjögren's Syndrome
- Parotitis can result from Sjögren's syndrome due to chronic inflammation of the parotid gland.[4]
Blockage
- Parotitis can result from the following forms of blockages:
- Sialolithiasis: salivary gland calcified stones, causing parotid gland inflammation.[5]
- Mucous plugs[6]
- Benign or malignant neoplasia.[7]
Diseases of Uncertain Etiology
- The following diseases are of uncertain etiology that can cause parotitis:
- Chronic nonspecific parotitis
- Recurrent childhood parotitis
- Sialadenosis
- Sarcoidosis
- Pneumoparotitis
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Salivary gland infections: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia".
- ↑ Brook I (1992). "Diagnosis and management of parotitis". Arch. Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. 118 (5): 469–71. PMID 1571113.
- ↑ Henderson SO, Mallon WK (1995). "Tuberculosis as the cause of diffuse parotitis". Ann Emerg Med. 26 (3): 376–9. PMID 7661432.
- ↑ "Fast Facts About Sjogren's Syndrome".
- ↑ Hernandez S, Busso C, Walvekar RR (2016). "Parotitis and Sialendoscopy of the Parotid Gland". Otolaryngol. Clin. North Am. doi:10.1016/j.otc.2015.12.003. PMID 26912292.
- ↑ Capaccio P, Torretta S, Ottavian F, Sambataro G, Pignataro L (2007). "Modern management of obstructive salivary diseases". Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital. 27 (4): 161–72. PMC 2640028. PMID 17957846.
- ↑ Bussu F, Parrilla C, Rizzo D, Almadori G, Paludetti G, Galli J (2011). "Clinical approach and treatment of benign and malignant parotid masses, personal experience". Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital. 31 (3): 135–43. PMC 3185824. PMID 22058591.