Osteomyelitis physical examination

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Osteomyelitis Microchapters

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Kiran Singh, M.D. [2]; Nate Michalak, B.A.

Overview

Physical Examination

Vital Signs

Acute Osteomyelitis

  • Swelling
  • Redness
  • Tenderness (except in diabetic patients with advanced neuropathy)

Chronic Osteomyelitis

Common Locations

Hematogenous Osteomyelitis
  • Long bone metaphysis (typically tibia and femur) in children
  • Presence of transphyseal blood vessels and an immature growth plate in infants increase likelihood of infection spreading to epiphysis and joint cavity.
  • Lumbar vertebrae in elderly patients
  • Vertebral osteomytelitis involves adjacent vertebrae and intervertebral disc
Contiguous-focus Osteomyleitis
  • Hip, knee, elbow due to prosthesis infection
  • Long bones due to fracture
Osteomyelitis Secondary to Vascular Insufficiency
  • Toes, metatarsal heads, and tarsal bones

Gallery

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 "Dermatology Atlas".

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