Hemosiderosis natural history, complications and prognosis

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

• The clinical spectrum of IPH ranges from asymptomatic cases to a chronic cough and dyspnea to repetitive hemoptysis with fatigue, anemia, and slowly progressive dyspnea and life-threatening acute respiratory failure.
• Common complications of IPH include Iron deficiency anemia and pulmonary fibrosis.
• Prognosis is generally variable, and the mean survival rate of patients with IPH is 2.5 to 5 years after diagnosis. Deaths can occur from acute massive hemorrhage or after progressive pulmonary insufficiency and right heart failure.

Prognosis

Death may occur rapidly with acute, massive pulmonary bleeding or over longer periods as the result of continued pulmonary failure and left heart failure.