Hypoglycemia natural history, complications and prognosis
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Natural History
Complications
Neonatal hypoglycemia
Symptomatic hypoglycemia
Although it remains uncertain whether timely treatment of hypoglycemia will prevent brain injury and poor developmental outcome,
recommend that symptomatic neonatal hypoglycemia should be aggressively treated given the potential significant adverse effects based on the available data [1,2,6]
Asymptomatic hypoglycemia
This study showed that there was no difference between infants in whom intervention was provided for hypoglycemia compared with those who did not require intervention [8].
In contrast, a retrospective observational study of all newborn infants born at a single tertiary United States center reported that children who had experienced transient neonatal hypoglycemia (defined as blood glucose levels <40 mg/dL [2.22 mmol/L]) had lower scores for literacy and math at fourth grade after adjusting for confounding factors 30
Preterm infants
controversy exists as to whether asymptomatic hypoglycemia causes neurologic injury and whether glucose concentrations requiring intervention should be lower in preterm than in term infants.